Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance Company - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
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OLED 2014 PPT
1. TECHNICAL
SEMINAR
âORGANICLIGHT EMITTING DIODE"
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Submitted by
ANANTHAKRISHNA G
USN-1CK10EC002
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
Mrs. KAVYA S
Asst. Professor
DEPT. OF ECE, CBIT KOLAR
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2. CONTENTS
⢠INTRODUCTION
⢠WHAT IS OLED?
⢠HISTORY
⢠FEATURES
⢠WORKING PRINCIPLE
⢠MANUFACTURING OF OLED
⢠TYPES OF OLED
⢠ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
⢠APPLICATIONS
⢠CONCLUTION
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3. INTRODUCTION
ď˘ Organic light emitting diode(OLED).
ď˘ Emerging Technology for displays in devices.
ď˘ Main principle behind OLED technology is
electroluminescence.
ď˘ Offers brighter, thinner, high contrast, flexible
displays.
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WHAT IS AN OLED?
ď˘ OLEDs are solid state devices composed of thin
films of organic molecules that is 100 to 500
nanometres thick.
ď˘ They emits light with the application of electricity.
ď˘ They doesnât require any backlight. i.e., they are self
emitting.
ď˘ They are made from carbon and hydrogen.
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HISTORY
ď˘ The first OLED device was developed by Eastman
Kodak in 1987.
ď˘ In 1996, pioneer produces the worldâs first
commercial PMOLED.
ď˘ In 2000, many companies like Motorola, LG etc
developed various displays.
ď˘ In 2001, Sony developed worldâs largest fullcolor
OLED
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HISTORY (CONTD.)
ď˘ In 2002, approximately 3.5 million passive matrix
OLED sub-displays were sold, and over 10 million
were sold in 2003.
ď˘ In 2010 and 2011, many companies announced
AMOLED displays.
ď˘ Many developments had take place in the year 2012.
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FEATURES
ď˘ Flexibility.
ď˘ Emissive Technology.
ď˘ Light weight and thin.
ď˘ Low power consumption.
ď˘ High contrast, brighter and perfect display from all
angles.
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STRUCTURE OF OLED(FIGURE)
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How OLED Works
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WORKING PRINCIPLE
ď˘ A voltage is applied across the anode and cathode.
ď˘ Current flows from cathode to anode through the
organic layers.
ď˘ Electrons flow to emissive layer from the cathode.
ď˘ Electrons are removed from conductive layer
leaving holes.
ď˘ Holes jump into emissive layer .
ď˘ Electron and hole combine and light emitted.
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11. MANUFACTURING OF OLED
⢠Vacuum deposition or Vacuum Thermal evaporation
(VTE)
⢠Organic vapor phase deposition (OVPD)
⢠Inkjet Printing
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Types of OLEDs
⢠Passive-matrix OLED
⢠Active-matrix OLED
⢠Transparent OLED
⢠Top-emitting OLED
⢠Foldable OLED
⢠White OLED
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1. Passive-Matrix OLED (PMOLED)
⢠Perpendicular cathode/anode
strip orientation
⢠Light emitted at intersection
(pixels)
⢠External circuitry
â Turns on/off pixels
⢠Large power consumption
â Used on 1-3 inch screens
â Alphanumeric displays
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⢠Full layers of cathode, anode,
organic molecules
⢠Thin Film Transistor matrix
(TFT) on top of anode
â Internal circuitry to
determine which pixels to
turn on/off
⢠Less power consumed then
PMOLED
â Used for larger displays
2. Active-Matrix OLED (AMOLED)
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3. Transparent OLED(TOLED)
⢠Transparent substrate,
cathode and anode
⢠Bi-direction light emission
⢠Passive or Active Matrix
OLED
⢠Useful for heads-up display
â Transparent projector
screen
â Glasses
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4. Top-emitting OLED(TEOLED)
⢠Non-transparent or
reflective substrate
⢠Transparent Cathode
⢠Used with Active Matrix
Device
⢠Smart card displays
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5. Foldable OLED
⢠Flexible metallic foil
or plastic substrate
⢠Lightweight and
durable
⢠Reduce display
breaking
⢠Clothing OLED
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6. White OLED
⢠Emits bright white light
⢠Replace fluorescent
lights
⢠Reduce energy cost for
lighting
⢠True Color Qualities
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19. Advantages of OLED
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1. Very thin panel of approximately 1mm
2. Low power consumption
3. High brightness
4. High contrast ratio of 10,000 : 1
5. Wide viewing angle of 170ď°
6. Foldable display panel
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20. Advantages of OLED display over TFT-LCD
display
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1. Contrast Ratio
ď§ Higher contrast ratio than TFT-LCD display
ď§ Better impression for higher brightness
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2.Viewing Angle
ď§ Higher viewing angle up to 170ď° for constant
contrast ratio
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3. Response Time
ď§ Fast time response in order of <50 us
ď§ Comparison by graphical point of view
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4. Backlight Function
ď§ No backlight required in OLED display
ď§ During black background OLED is turned OFF
ď§ In LCD backlight is still required
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5. Power Efficiency
ď§ OLED display is more power efficient
than TFT-LCD display
ď§ For the same power OLED display is
more brighter
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OLED Disadvantages
⢠Lifetime
⢠White, Red, Green ď 46,000-230,000 hours
⢠About 5-25 years
⢠Blue ď 14,000 hours
⢠About 1.6 years
⢠Expensive
⢠Susceptible to water
⢠Overcome multi-billion dollar LCD market
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APPLICATIONS
Major applications of OLED technology are
ď˘ OLED TV.
ď˘ Mobile phones with OLED screens.
ď˘ Smart watch with OLED screens.
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OLED TV
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MOBILE PHONES WITH OLED SCREEN
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29. SMART WATCH WITH OLED DISPLAY
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CONCLUSION
⢠Limited use caused by degradation of materials.
⢠OLED will replace current LED and LCD
technologies
⢠Expensive
⢠Flexibility and thinness will enable many applications
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