74th constitutional amendment act 1992 and Women Empowerment

1. IMPLEMENTATION OF 74TH CONSTITUTIONAL
AMENDMENT ACT,1992 AND WOMEN
EMPOWERMENT
Amir sohel
Roll no: Geo11504

2. INTRODUCTION
 In 1992 74th constitutional amendment act- passed
in support of Rajya sobha and Lok shoba, under
part XI-A
 1st June 1993 bill was successfully practice all over
country.

3. IT DEALS ON FALLOWING POINT
 Type of municipalities
 Structure
 Reservation of seat
 Ward committee
 Duration of work
 Eligibility criteria
 Power
 Source of income
 Election commission
 District and municipality planning commission

4. FEATURE
▪ Constitution of three types of municipalities:
(i) nagar panchayats for areas in transition from rural area to urban area;
(ii) municipal council for smaller urban areas;
(iii) municipal corporation for larger urban areas.
▪ Composition of municipalities, which will be decided by the legislature of a state
having the following features:
(i) person to be chosen by direct election;
(ii) representation of chairpersons of committees, if any, at ward or other levels in the
municipalities;
(iii) representation of the persons having special knowledge or experience of municipal
administration in municipalities (without voting rights);
▪ Election of chairpersons of a municipality in the manner specified in the state law;
▪ Constitution of committees at ward level or other level or levels within the territorial are
of a municipality as may be provided in the state law;

5.  Reservation of seats in every municipalities-
(i) for SC and ST in proportion to their population of which not less than one-third shall be
for women;
(ii) for women which shall not less than one-third of total number of seats;
(iii) in the favour of backward class of citizens if so provided by the legislature of the state;
(iv) for SC and ST and women in the office of the chairpersons as may be in the state law;
▪ Fixed tenure of 5 years for the municipality and re-election within six months of end of
tenure. if a municipality is dissolved before expiration of its duration , election to be held
within a period of six months of its dissolution;
▪ Devolution by the state legislature of powers and responsibilities. Upon the municipalities
with respect to preparation of plans for economic development and social justice, and for
the implementation of development scheme as may be required to enable them to
function as institution of self-government;
▪ Levy of taxes and duties by municipalities, assigning of such taxes and duties to
municipalities by state govt. and for making grants-in-aid by the state to the municipalities

6. as may be provided in the state law;
▪ A finance commission to review the finances of the municipalities;
▪ Audit of accounts of the municipal corporations by the comptroller and
auditor general of
india and laying of reports before the legislature of the municipal
corporation concerned;
▪ Making of law by a state legislature with respect to elections to the
municipalities to be
conducted under the superintendence, direction and control of chief
electoral officer
of the state;
▪ Application of the provisions of the bill to any union territory or part
thereof with such
modifications may be specified by the president- exempting schedule
areas and areas
from the application of the provision of the bill;
▪ Disqualifications for membership of a municipality;
▪ Bar of juridiction of courts in matters relating to elections to the
municipalities.

7. WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

8. INTRODUCTION
 Women empowerment literally meanings – rights
and freedom to making decision in all sector.
 India is basically male dominated society where
women are deprived and backward, after the
making law in 74th amendment of constitution
participation of women in decision making
mandatory as a result women get their chance to
new way to expressed their knowledge and skill.

9. ● The 74th constitutional amendment act(CAA),1992 for the first time provided one-
third
representation to women in urban local self-government institutions;
● Women can play a catalytic role in promoting the causes of social development
including
women and child development;
● Reservation for women in the local bodies is aimed at securing their active
involvement
and support in socio-economic development;
● This CAA has laid foundations for the emergence of strong bottom-up women
leadership
who could climb the ladder to occupy positions of power at state and national level.
● The 74th CAA provided a constitutional status for urban local bodies(ULB) in the
country
and considered a revolutionary and radical legislation, provided reservation of one-
third
of the strength of the council to women and also extended the same principle of
reservation to women in other categories like SCs, STs apart from general category;
● Also provided one-third reservation for women in the political executives,
chairman/mayors of ULBs. This enabled the women to participate in urban local
governance in the large numbers than was the case earlier.

10. CONCLUSION
 Firstly the democratic concept is success and
participation from grass root level wide.
 Constitutional acceptance of municipality….
 Regular election by Election commission.
 Reservation lead to equal participation of all level
and tribe and deprived society.