The document discusses different types of tenders for construction projects including open tenders, selected tenders, and negotiated tenders. An open tender invites bids from the public to promote competition and obtain the most advantageous terms for the client. A selected tender limits bidding to a small number of pre-qualified contractors, suitable when specialization is required. A negotiated tender directly contracts with one or two contractors without competition, which can be useful when timeliness is critical over cost.

1. GUJARAT POWER ENGINEERING
& RESEARCH INSTITUTE
NAME Enrollment no.
191040106002
Dhara Chaudhary
TOPIC :- 3. TENDER
SUBMITTED TO : Gaurav Vyas

2. A tender is an offer in writing for executing certain specified work or for
supplying specified materials subject to certain terms and conditions like
rates, time limit, etc.
Depending upon the type of contract, the tender may be
• lump - sum tender
• item rate tender
• cost plus tender
• Percentage rate tender
• Labour tender
• Demolition tender, etc.
TENDER

3. 1.Title Page: It contains the name of the work.
2. Index: It contains all the items of contract document along with corresponding
page number.
3. Tender notice: It contains brief description of the work and it is intended to
create competition among the contractors who are interested in the work.
4. Tender form: This document is essential for making all the tenders uniform and
similar in nature. It is a printed standard form of contract giving standard
conditions of contract, general rules and directions for guidance of contractors.
Tender documents

4. 5. Conditions of contract: This document contains various conditions of contract
and these conditions are binding to the parties who are entering into the contract.
6. Schedule of quantities : It is also called bill of quantities and contains various
items of the work to be executed along with their quantities.
7.Special terms and conditions.
8.General specifications and detailed Specifications: This document contains
information regarding the quality of materials and workmanship.
9. Approved drawings: All the above documents are signed by a contractor page
by page and necessary entries are made. These documents along with a forwarding
letter on letter head of a contractor with requisite earnest money deposit in the
form of bank draft are put in closed cover. The name of work and the name of the
contractor are superscribed on the cover.

5. Types of Tenders:
1.Open tender or public tender
3.Negotiated tender
2.Selected tender or limited tender

6. 1. Open Tender or Public Tender
 In this type, tenders are invited by public advertisement. The open tender method is
usually adopted for public works, as the law generally require that government
contracts and other public contracts be advertised publicly, to obtain the most
advantageous terms.
Advantages:
i. It safeguards the contractors from being denied tendering opportunities
for unjust reasons.
ii. It protects the government or local authorities concerned from possible insinuations
of favoritism.
iii. It provides an opportunity for having the work done at a minimum cost to the public.
by securing the benefit of keen bidding competition.

7. Disadvantages :-
i. There is a possibility that the firm submitting the lowest tender may be
unsuitable for carrying out the work, thereby resulting in considerable waste of
time and effort.

8. 2. Selected Tender or Limited Tender
In case of selected tender, the architect after consultation with his client, invites
a limited number of contractors for filling up the tender of the project. It results
into competition on a small scale. But it proves to be use for specialised and
skilled works. It also results in early successful completion of the project.
This procedure is usually adopted for private jobs, where the owner has the right
to negotiate directly and to enter into an aggrement with whomsoever he
chooses.
 This procedure can be highly recommended for monumental structures.
industrial construction and other works that require specialised
knowledge and equipment.

9. 3. Negotiated Tender
This is the advance form of selective tender and the contract is given by negotiations
with one or at the most two contractors.
There is no competition in this type of tender and hence, it may proove to be costly.
But when the work is to be completed in target time without sacrificing for the quality,
the negotiated tender may prove to be the only alternative.
This procedure can be adopted in the following circumstances:
i. The firm chosen is one in which the owner and his engineer have confidence, and
whose integrity and reliability are well established.
ii. The work to be carried out is within the special scope and experience of the firm.
iii. The work is to be completed in target time without sacrificing for the quality.