alcohol and drug abuse

1. ALCOHOL & DRUG
ADDICTION
Roll.
No.
Name of Student
13 Ameera Ahmad
14 Amritash
15 Ananya
38 Badre Aalam Chaudhary

2. Addiction: what is it?
Addiction is an inability to stop using a substance or engaging in a behavior even
though it is causing psychological and physical harm.
For a long time, addiction meant an uncontrollable habit of using alcohol or other
drugs. More recently, the concept of addiction has expanded to include behaviors, such
as gambling, as well as substances, and even ordinary and necessary activities, such as
exercise and eating.

3. Drugs
Drugs are chemical substances that can change how your body
and mind work. They include prescription medicines, over-
the-counter medicines, alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs.

4. Drug Addiction
Drug addiction, also called substance use disorder, is a disease that affects a person's brain and
behavior and leads to an inability to control the use of a legal or illegal drug or medication.
Substances such as alcohol, marijuana and nicotine also are considered drugs. When you're
addicted, you may continue using the drug despite the harm it causes.

5. Alcohol
Alcohol is a psychoactive substance with dependence-producing
properties that has been widely used in many cultures for centuries. The
harmful use of alcohol causes a high burden of disease and has significant
social and economic consequences.
➔ Toxic and Psychoactive chemical substance
➔ Central nervous system depressant – induces intoxication
➔ nt in many socially, culturally, and historically consumed drinks
➔ Dependence-producing properties
Beer
Spirits
Wine

6. Alcohol Addiction
Alcoholism is the inability to control drinking due
to both a physical and emotional dependence on alcohol.
Symptoms include repeated alcohol consumption despite
related legal and health issues. Those with alcoholism may
begin each day with a drink, feel guilty about their drinking
and have the desire to cut down on the amount of drinking.

7. SYMPTOMS OF ALCOHOL AND DRUG
ADDICTION

8. 1…Loss of interest in daily routine and in sports
2…Loss of Appetite and body weight

10. 6…Slurring of Speech
7…Body pain

11. 8…Nausea and vomiting
9..Drowsiness and Sleeplessness
10…Lethargy
11….Acute Anxiety, depression , profuse sweating

12. 12…withdrawal from reality
13…Deprosonalization
14…Emotional Detachment, Impairment in memory and concentration
15….Change in mood and lifestyle

13. EFFECTS OF DRUGS AND ALCOHOL ON HEALTH

34. PREVENTION

36. 2. Avoid Temptation and Peer Pressure. Develop healthy friendships and relationships
by avoiding friends or family members who pressure you to use substances. It’s often
said “we become most like those we surround ourselves by,” meaning if you surround
yourself with people who abuse drugs and alcohol you are more likely to as well.
Peer pressure is a major part of life for teens and adults. If you are looking to stay drug
free develop a good way to just say no, prepare a good excuse or plan ahead of time to
keep from giving into peer pressure.

37. 3. Seek help for mental illness. Mental illness and substance abuse often go
hand in hand. If you are dealing with a mental illness such as anxiety,
depression or post-traumatic stress disorder you should seek professional help
from a licensed therapist or counselor. A professional will provide you with
healthy coping skills to alleviate your symptoms without turning to drugs and
alcohol.
4. Examine the risk factors. Look at your family history of mental illness and
addiction, several studies have shown that this disease tends to run in the
family, but can be prevented. The more you are aware of your biological,
environmental and physical risk factors the more likely you are to overcome
them.

38. 5. Keep a well-balanced life. People often turn to drugs and alcohol when
something in their life is missing or not working. Practicing stress
management skills can help you overcome these life stressors and will help
you live a balanced and healthy life.

39. various surveys on drug and
alcohol abuse

40. importance of conducting surveys
• they are basically conducted to obtain information describing
characteristics of a large no. of individuals relatively quickly.
• they are helpful in analyzing common behavior and thinking pattern
about a certain issue.
• it helps us to analyse and use data more more effectively to
formulate efficient strategies to tackle an issue.
• the anonymity of the survey allows respondant to answer with more
candid and valid answers.

41. we conducted a micro survey about
drug and alcohol abuse awareness
and here are the results.....

45. the responses to the question“measures to be
taken to help addicts”

46. • As per WHO, worldwide, an estimated annual three million deaths and
5.1% of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) of the world are attributed
to alcohol consumption
• (1). Alcohol consumption is a leading cause of global disease burden and
health loss, and in 2016, it was ranked seventh in risk factors linked to
deaths and DALYs .
• Alcohol use has been linked to 60 acute and chronic disease conditions,
especially cancers, liver cirrhosis, and cardiovascular diseases such as
myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, elevated blood pressure, coronary
heart disease, and hemorrhagic stroke .
• Alcohol is also indirectly related to an increase in road accidents (9). The
global alcohol use and burden study show that health loss is associated
with all levels of consumption (2), challenging few studies that suggest a
low level of alcohol consumption may be protective against certain
disease outcomes .

48. comparison of alcohol consumption in men and women, National Family
Health Survey
. The inset maps (top) show the
state-wise average, and the bottom
maps show the district-wise alcohol
distribution for women (A) and men
(B). The darker red shades denote
higher consumption. The state
boundaries are overlaid to show
inter-intra state distributions. The
state-wise comparison of different
types of alcohol consumption is
shown for men (right bars) and
women (left bars) (C). The colors in
the bars indicate relative
consumption (%) of different alcohol
types.

49. Applying estimates of prevalence
to population figures, the survey
estimated that in India, whose
population is just over a billion,
62.5 million people use alcohol,
8.75 million use cannabis, two
million use opiates, and 0.6 million
use sedatives or hypnotics.
Seventeen per cent to 26% of
these people can be classified as
dependent users who need urgent
treatment, says the report. About
25% of users of opiates and
cannabis are likely to seek
treatment, while about one in six
people who drink alcohol are likely
to do so.

50. • prevalence is the portion of a
population who have a specific
characteristic in a given time
period.
• this chart shows the prevalence
rate of drug use in different
states
• they are described as
• low-yellow
• moderate-orange
• high-purple

51. Treatment
Treatment for alcohol and drug use disorder can vary, depending on your needs. Treatment may involve a
brief intervention, individual or group counseling, anoutpatient program, or a residential inpatient stay .
Working to stop alcohol and drug use to improve quality of life is the main treatment goal.
This may include:
Detox and Withdrawn- Treatment may begin with a program of detoxification withdrawal that’s
medically managed. Sometimes called detox, this generally takes 2 to 7 days.
Learning new skills and making a treatment plan- It may include goal setting , behavior change
techniques, use of self-help manuals, counseling and follow-up care at a treatment center.

52. • Psychological counseling- Counseling and therapy for groups and individuals help you better
understand your problem with alcohol and drugs support recovery from the psychological
aspects of alcohol and drug use.
• Medication- It can be given in both oral and injected form. Drugs such as Disulfiram ,
Naltrexone, Acamprosate , viditrol can be used to treat drug and alcohol addiction.
• Spiritual practice- For many people, gaining grater insight into their spiritual side is a key
element in recovery.

53. Rehabilitation
• Rehab allows you to reconnect with your loved ones and help you make amends.
• A good treatment facility gives patient long-term care beacuse addiction is a life-
long disease.
• At rehabs, behavioural changes are aimed at changing drinking behaviour
through counselling.
• Cadabams are one of the most trusted and largest rehabilitation centres in India.

54. • The various steps taken at the rehab centres include:
1. Detoxification
2. Behavioural interventions
3. Multidimensional Family Therapy
4. Group therapy
6. Relapse preventive measures

55. Steps taken by government
• Article 47 - It states that the state shall endeavour to bring about
prohibition of intoxicating drinks and drugs which are hazardous to human
body.
• For the purpose of drug demand reduction, the Ministry of Socail Justice
and Empowerment has been implementing the scheme of Prevention of
Alcohol and Subastance Use since the year 1985-86.
• It was last revised in the year 2015.
• Its objective is to create awareness and educate people about the ill-
effects od alcohol and drug abuse and providing a whole range of
community based services.

56. • The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment has conducted the first
national survey on Extent nad Pattern of Substance Use in India through
National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre (NDDTC) of the All India
Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) , New Delhi.

57. • India is signatory to three United Nations Conventions which are:
1. Convention on Narcotics Drugs, 1961
2. Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971
3. Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotics and Psychotropic Drugs, 1988.