Transform Government IT with VMware Cloud on AWS, an Integrated Hybrid Solution
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Government agencies are increasingly turning to commercial cloud service providers for the infrastructure flexibility to achieve consolidation, application modernization, and disaster recovery goals. For government customers running vSphere workloads, VMware and AWS have teamed up to provide a hybrid-cloud solution that eliminates the complexity and intensive resource management required to adopt the cloud. VMware Cloud on AWS™ removes traditional barriers to hybrid-cloud portability by integrating VMware Software-Defined Data Center (SDDC) technologies with AWS global infrastructure and application services. Customers can run VMware SDDC solutions on dedicated, bare-metal AWS infrastructure to create a common-cloud infrastructure, with unified deployment and operations across on-premises and public-cloud environments. Don’t miss this opportunity to discover why organizations are using VMware Cloud on AWS to bring to market hybrid-cloud strategies that streamline service delivery and your ability to achieve your mission. Tim Hearn, Director, UK Public Sector, VMWare UK; Paul Bockelman, Senior Manager, Amazon Web Services
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Transform Government IT with VMware Cloud on AWS, an Integrated Hybrid Solution
- 1. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Tim Hearn Director, UK Government & Public Services, VMware UK Ltd Paul Bockelman Sr. Manager, Specialist Solutions Architect (WWPS), Amazon Web Services Transform Government IT with VMware Cloud on AWS, an Integrated Hybrid Solution
- 2. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VMware Cloud on AWS why it is being adopted for hybrid-cloud strategies
- 3. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. UK Public Sector – Departmental Budget Cuts
- 4. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. The Demands of the Public Services IT Requires Disruption Budgets Resources Demand Staff retention Skills supply Experienced/Agile Demand increasing Joined up 24/7 Online Any Device Consumer mentality Deep austerity cuts Transformation Re-platforming Capex to Opex Policy Digital Cloud first Open Software defined In-source
- 5. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Innovating in a Business Model Credit: Geoffrey Moore ‘Zone to Win’
- 6. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Consistency – Where it Matters From Ideas to Execution – Silos Kill Ideas Executionto Credit: Geoffrey Moore ‘Zone to Win’
- 7. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Consistency – Where it Matters Ideas Executionto From Ideas to Execution – Silos Kill Credit: Geoffrey Moore ‘Zone to Win’
- 8. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cloud strategies must match the needs of each application Maintain Keep app as is in existing environment Replatform Keep app as is, move to new environment Multi-Tier Hybrid Shift portions of multi-tier app to public cloud SaaS Replace Move to SaaS version of packaged app Refactor Modify app, new environment, on-prem or in the cloud Develop for Cloud New cloud native app deployed on-prem & IaaS Cloud Native Apps Time to market • Innovation • Scale • Differentiation Existing Apps Reduce Costs • Security • Reliability • Control Application needs are driving cloud strategies and directions
- 10. Forecast ahead: Growing clouds on the horizon This can feel like an incredible opportunity. To get there, organizations need to be ready to act. Analysts predict increasing cloud adoption Speed is the new currency Public cloud market by 2020, up from $146B in 2017 – Forrester *1 Projected growth for IaaS market in 2017, the highest for cloud services – Gartner *2 of organizations committed to hybrid architectures by 2018 – IDC *3 $236B 37% 80% 1. “The Public Cloud Services Market Will Grow Rapidly To $236 Billion in 2020”. Forrester. September 1, 2016. 2. “http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3616417 3. “Enterprise Adoption Driving Strong Growth of Public Cloud Infrastructure as a Service, According to IDC.” Press release. IDC. July 14, 2016.
- 11. To maximize the benefits of cloud models, organizations need a holistic cloud strategy and a way to make it real.
- 12. PUBLIC CLOUD WORLD BENEFITS PRIVATE CLOUD WORLD BENEFITS Your teams, tools & skills investments Fine-tuned to run your applications Governed by you Consumption economics Unique services Scale and reach NOT ALWAYS, AND NOT EASILY. Operational Consistency Existing Skillsets & Tools Control, Manage, Secure Enterprise-class App SLA Compatibility with Apps CAN REQUIREMENTS BE MET ACROSS BOTH WORLDS?
- 13. Imagine if these two worlds could merge seamlessly Transforming entire realities through a powerful combination. PUBLIC CLOUD WORLD PRIVATE CLOUD WORLD
- 14. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Leading compute, storage and network virtualization capabilities Support for a broad range of workloads De-facto standard for the enterprise DC Flexible consumption economics Broadest set of cloud services Global scale and reach Jointly engineered solution delivers the best of VMware and AWS for customers A truly compelling and differentiated solution
- 15. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VMware Cloud on AWS introduction
- 16. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VMware Cloud on AWS - Service Overview AWS Global Infrastructure VMware Cloud on AWS Powered by VMware Cloud Foundation AWS Global Infrastructure Customer Data Center vSphere incl. VIC vSAN NSX Operational Management Native AWS Services vRealize Suite, ISV ecosystem vCentervCenter • VMware SDDC running on AWS bare metal • Sold, operated and supported by VMware & its partners • Support for containers & VMs • On-demand capacity & flexible consumption • Full operational consistency with on- premises SDDC • Seamless workload portability and hybrid operations • Global AWS footprint, reach, availability • Direct access to native AWS services Service HighlightsAWS CLI
- 17. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VMware Cloud on AWS is a cloud service Jointly engineered, one-stop shop for customers Service is delivered, operated, sold and supported by VMware & its partners AWS Global Infrastructure VMware Cloud on AWS Powered by VMware Cloud Foundation vSphere vSAN NSX Single support owner
- 18. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VMware Cloud on AWS - Benefits VMware SDDC technologies you know and trust delivered as a service on the world's most popular public cloud Rich VMware SDDC delivered as a cloud service on AWS AWS Consistency and familiarity of VMware technologies Direct access to the power of native AWS services Existing and new apps with Containers and VMs Easy workload portability and hybrid capabilities
- 19. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Use-cases for a broad range of cloud strategies Customer can decide strategically across on-premises data center and cloud Data Center Extension & DR DR and backup Maintain Expand On-demand capacity Footprint expansion Test and Dev Cloud Migration Data center wide migration Application specific migration Consolidate Or Close Migrate Infrastructure refresh Next-Generation Apps Application modernization Next-gen app build out
- 20. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Flexible consumption models, delivered over time Consumption-based Billing On-demand / hourly model 1 or 3-year reserved model Buy add-on services Various Payment Methods VMware SPP or HPP credits Purchase orders Credit Card Hybrid Loyalty Program Leverage existing investments with VMware % Purchase VMware Cloud on AWS at a lower rate No trade-in of on- premises licenses required AWS
- 21. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Global reach, delivered over time US West Oregon (3) N. California (3) GovCloud-West US-West (3) US East N. Virginia (6) Ohio (3) Canada Central (2) South America São Paulo (3) Europe Ireland (3) Paris (3) Asia Pacific Singapore (2) Tokyo (4) Osaka-Local (1) Seoul (2) Mumbai (2) Sydney (3)* New region (coming soon) Bahrain, Hong Kong, Sweden, AWS GovCloud (US-East) # Region and number of availability zones China Beijing (2) Ningxia (2) London (3) Frankfurt (3) Just Announced
- 22. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Compliance & Assurance - VMWare Cloud on AWS ISO GDPR PCI DSS SOC 1,2,&3 UK C5 Germany Targeted Compliance Certifications
- 23. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VMware Cloud on AWS technical details
- 24. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VMware Cloud on AWS – Characteristics On-Demand • VMware Software Defined Datacenter Delivered as a Cloud Service Latest Software • vCSA, ESXi, NSX, vSAN, Managed by VMware Dynamic Capacity • DRS/HA Compute Cluster (Intel x86) • vSAN Storage Cluster (NVMe Flash) • NSX Network Virtualization (ENA) ESXi NSX vSphere vSAN Software Defined Data Center
- 25. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VMware Cloud on AWS – Technical Components ESXi NSX vSphere vSAN Software Defined Data Center Compute • Bare Metal • I3.16XL Equivalent • 36 Cores/72 vCPUs • 512GiB Memory • 15TiB* NVMe All-Flash Storage • 25Gb ENA Hypervisor • ESXi • 4 to 32 Host Cluster • Maintained by VMware • No SSH/Root • No VIBs/Plugins Storage • vSAN • Aggregate Instance Storage • All Flash (Capacity/Cache) • No EBS/EFS as shared storage for hosts, but VM’s can mount EFS • VM Storage Policies Network and Security • NSX • Logical Networks • North/South Firewalling • Compute/Management Gateways • IPSec Termination • NAT vSphere • VMware Managed • Delegated Permissions • Hybrid Linked Mode
- 26. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VMware Cloud on AWS - Account Structure VMware Cloud SDDC account • Is owned, operated, and paid • Private to VMware Cloud SDDC • Full access to the • A new AWS account to run SDDC resources • Is owned, operated, and paid directly by VMware • Is single tenant for all SDDC resources
- 27. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Accessing VMware Cloud on AWS • Hybrid Linked-Mode • Logical network configuration • Virtual machine administration • VM storage policies • Add and remove ESXi hosts • Console user and role management • Firewall configuration • EIP and NAT configuration • VPN connectivityhttps://vmc.vmware.com vSphere H5 Web Client
- 28. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VMware Cloud on AWS design pattern and sample architecture
- 29. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VMware Cloud ENI Customer Data Center IGW DMZ-Out(Public) VPC S3 Endpoint Amazon CloudWatch AWS CloudTrail Amazon S3 ESXi ESXi ESXi ESXi Resource Pool DMZ-In (Private) App(Private) DMZ-Out (Public) IGW Compute Gateway Compute Gateway Management Gateway OS RWP OS DB2 OS APP2 OS DB1 OS APP1 VMware Cloud on AWS - Base Topology AWS Region Services Amazon EC2 AZ A AZ B AZ C VMware Cloud VPC AWS Customer VPC Reverse Web Proxy
- 30. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VMware Cloud on AWS – Sample Hybrid Architecture VMware Cloud VPC ESXi Amazon EC2 ESXi ESXi ESXi Resource Pool RDS Aurora (shared) AWS Customer VPC AZ A AZ B AZ C OS DB1 Customer Data Center Route53 SSL Encrypted Traffic OS APP2 OS APP1 OS RWP DMZ-Out(Public) DMZ-In (Private) App(Private) DMZ-Out (Public) ACM ELB NFS S3-backed Cluster File System Reverse Web Proxy & Application Load- Balancer OS APP2 OS APP2 OS VMware Cloud ENI IGWIGW Compute Gateway Compute Gateway Management Gateway VPC S3 Endpoint Amazon CloudWatch AWS CloudTrail Amazon S3 AWS Region Services OS DB2 Reverse Web Proxy
- 31. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. VMware Cloud on AWS - More Information For product information, pricing and more… https://cloud.vmware.com/vmc-aws To keep up to date on the VMware Cloud on AWS Roadmap… https://cloud.vmware.com/vmc-aws/roadmap Follow us on AWS too… https://aws.amazon.com/vmware/
- 32. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Your feedback is important to us! Please complete the session survey in the summit mobile app.
- 33. © 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Thank You!
Hinweis der Redaktion
- The business horizon KEY TAKEAWAYS This opening slide sets the stage for the subsequent conversation on cloud. It is a quick visual set up for the rich detail in the next slide. We start our story with a view of a modern urban landscape, illustrative for how technology and rapid growth are driving the modern enterprise. And set up cloud as the driver for supporting and enabling digital transformation. TALKING POINTS Today, modern enterprises are on a rapid path to digitization. And more than ever, they are looking for ways to be more agile to compete in a rapidly changing global market. Technology has led the way in providing that competitive edge, and cloud has been at the forefront of that wave for the past decade. As we enter the second decade of cloud, why does it continue to dominate our path to digital? Let’s find out. Image source: London. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/30_St_Mary_Axe.
- Forecast ahead: Growing clouds on the horizon. KEY TAKEAWAYS As we look over the horizon, the one clear prediction is the growing importance of cloud computing in our digital transformation efforts. For many enterprises, this can feel like a place of opportunity to be tapped But, it’s important to realize that to reach those opportunities action must be taken. TALKING POINTS As we look over the horizon, one clear prediction in the forecast is the continuing and growing importance of cloud computing for the enterprise. David Mitchell Smith, Vice President and Fellow, Gartner, thinks that “As it enters its second decade, cloud computing is increasingly becoming a vehicle for next-generation digital business, as well as for agile, scalable and elastic solutions.” Forrester similarly predicts the continuing importance of cloud, noting: “Customer-obsessed enterprises will launch cloud computing’s second decade as they push for speed and agility… The cloud market will accelerate faster in 2017 as enterprises around the world look to cloud to power their core business systems in addition to their customer-facing applications. “ In other words, organizations are increasingly turning to cloud to gain that business agility and build an edge over competitors. We can see this in the numbers as well: Overall, as we look at the public cloud market, Forrester predicts it will grow to $236 billion by 2020, up from $146B in 2017.1 According to Gartner, the highest public cloud growth will come from IaaS, which is projected to grow 37 percent in 2017 to reach $34.6 billion2 IDC also notes that many enterprises will start on that journey through a hybrid approach, noting “that 80% of IT organizations will be committed to hybrid architectures by 2018.”3 [CLICK] The untapped potential of cloud can feel like an incredible opportunity for forward-thinking business and IT leaders at enterprises. They want to tap the transformative power of cloud to digitize their organization. [CLICK] But, action is required to get there. What does that look like? Approved by analyst firms 1. “The Public Cloud Services Market Will Grow Rapidly To $236 Billion in 2020”. Forrester. September 1, 2016 2. http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3616417. February 22, 2017. 3. “Enterprise Adoption Driving Strong Growth of Public Cloud Infrastructure as a Service, According to IDC.” Press release. IDC. July 14, 2016.
- Maximizing the benefits of cloud models KEY TAKEAWAYS This is a pause moment that emphasizes the need for a big picture, holistic cloud strategy that goes along with a specific cloud model in order to have success with cloud. TALKING POINTS To maximize on the benefits of cloud models, organizations need a holistic cloud strategy and a way to make it real. It is not enough to evaluate and select a model—a comprehensive strategy is needed. Let’s look at why.
- Differences across Private and Public Cloud Worlds KEY TAKEAWAYS Private cloud and Public cloud models have each very distinct benefits, uniquely appropriate to different scenarios based on the specific needs and requirements of an organization. When an organization wants to leverage both models that’s when things become more complicated. Do those benefits translate across models? Can the organization benefit from both? TALKING POINTS There are several benefits of the Private cloud and on-premises infrastructure world. You retain and leverage your investments in your team, tools & skills Your private cloud environment is fine-tuned to run your applications And it is all governed by you Public cloud offers a different type of model that delivers scale and reach, range of services, and consumption economics. Now, if an organization wanted to harness the power of Private and Public cloud worlds and do it seamlessly and in an integrated manner, there are several requirements that need to be met – Ensuring operational consistency Maximizing usage of existing skill sets and tools that they have built over the years Ensuring consistency in how IT controls, manages and secures these environments Ensuring delivery of enterprise-class SLA, consistently across these environments Delivering application compatibility across these environments Would they be able to meet these requirements? The answer today is not always, and not easily.
- What if two worlds could merge seamlessly? KEY TAKEAWAY Today’s reality is that it’s challenging to unite different cloud models But what if there was a better, easier way? TALKING POINTS So, imagine if there was a way that these two worlds could merge seamlessly Without all the hassle, and extra investment and complexity that is usually the norm today And that the power of these two worlds merging could transform realities through a powerful, new combination.
- A truly compelling and differentiated solution KEY TAKEAWAYS Two leaders,, VMware and Amazon Web Services bring customers a truly compelling and differentiated solution. Jointly engineered solution delivers the best of VMware and AWS for customers TALKING POINTS Two powerhouses and leaders in private and public cloud, VMware and Amazon Web Services bring a truly differentiated and compelling solution to customers. Jointly engineered, it delivers the best of both companies. VMware is: The leader in compute, storage, and network virtualization The de-facto standard for the enterprise data center Supports a broad range of workloads Amazon Web Services (AWS) provides: Flexible consumption economics Broadest set of cloud services Global scale and reach
- KEY TAKEAWAY VMware Cloud on AWS is now available, offering unique capabilities and integration with AWS services. TALKING POINTS The significant partnership between VMware and AWS was announced at VMworld 2016, and VMware Cloud on AWS was launched a year later at VMworld 2017. As well as providing another hybrid cloud option to customers, the service is unique in three respects: 1. It is a VMware managed offering where VMware provides the SDDC stack on demand in AWS data centers 2. The service is able to operate in ‘Linked Mode’ with your on-premises vCenter to enable a seamless extension of your on-premises environment into VMware Cloud on AWS. 3. Developers and users can access the rich variety of AWS services at low latency similar to access from an EC2 instance.
- A look at VMware Cloud on AWS KEY TAKEAWAYS This slide shows a deeper view into the landscape of products that power VMware Cloud on AWS and provides a high-level view of how they interact. TALKING POINTS Going one level deeper: VMware Cloud on AWS is powered by VMware Cloud Foundation™, a unified SDDC platform that integrates VMware vSphere, VMware Virtual SAN™ and NSX™ virtualization technologies, and will provide access to the broad range of AWS services, together with the functionality, elasticity, and security customers have come to expect from the AWS Cloud. Integrates VMware’s flagship compute, storage, and network virtualization products (vSphere, VSAN and NSX) along with vCenter management, and optimizes it to run on next-generation, elastic, bare-metal AWS infrastructure. The result is a complete, no compromise, turn-key solution, that works seamlessly with both on-premises private clouds and advanced AWS services. This service will be sold, delivered, operated and supported service. The service will be delivered over multiple releases with increasing use-cases, capabilities, and regions Additional features include: s a VMware VMware SDDC stack running on AWS Compute (vSphere), storage (VSAN), networking (NSX) Direct access to vCenter, including full API/CLI support Delivered as-a-service (VMware lifecycle fully managed) Access to AWS services Consistent operational model enables Hybrid Cloud Full support for existing and new applications Existing management tooling layers on top Hybrid and Cloud-only deployment options Leverage cloud economics, aligning capacity & demand Single bill for VMware software + AWS infrastructure Consume elastically scalable SDDC clusters On-demand or subscription Leverage global AWS footprint
- VMware Cloud on AWS is a cloud service KEY TAKEAWAY VMware Cloud on AWS is delivered, operated and directly supported by VMware. All software components of the service are fully certified and supported by VMware and its partners – there will be 1 single support owner and one contract. Now VMware Cloud on AWS is included in the VMware Solution Provider and Cloud Provider MSP portfolio. TALKING POINTS Jointly engineered, VMware Cloud on AWS provides customers a one-stop shop for native AWS services from within their SDDC.
- VMware Cloud on AWS: A service delivering the best of both worlds KEY TAKEAWAYS Through this slide, we set up the key differentiators we want our audience to walk away with, and how the private/public partnership comes to life. The slide answers WHAT VMware Cloud on AWS does better than anyone else. TALKING POINTS The result of this merging of worlds is a service called VMware Cloud on AWS. It has the benefit of all the VMware SDDC technologies that you know and trust delivered on the world’s most popular public cloud, as a cloud service And that allows you to take advantage of a rich set of benefits with rapid time to value, including Rich VMware SDDC delivered on AWS infrastructure Consistency and familiarity of VMware technologies Easy workload portability Seamless access to native AWS services Container and VM support, and more.
- VMware Cloud on AWS use-cases for a broad range of cloud strategies KEY TAKEAWAY This slide shows the various cloud deployment strategies and how the use-cases that VMware Cloud on AWS fit in TALKING POINTS VMware Cloud on AWS provides a seamlessly integrated hybrid cloud offering addressing use-cases that align to your cloud strategy -> Some customers really plan to keep their center of mass in their private cloud, but selectively looking to extend to Public for things like DR or Geo Capacity Expansion. Other customers want to reduce their DC footprint and do more and more in the Public Cloud, sometimes migrating apps selectively, in other cases, looking to get our of their own DC entirely. Finally, we see other customers who want to treat their Private Cloud and Public Cloud as equal peers and modernize their applications or build out next-generation applications, with the ability to strategically choose where they want to run their applications. VMware will offer VMware Cloud on AWS across AWS regions providing a robust and hardened cloud infrastructure to enable compelling use-cases over time. These use-cases include new application development activities, application migration, disaster recovery and backup, geo expansion, burst capacity and data center consolidation/migration. From maintaining and expanding on your existing data center, or using the cloud to support and scale during seasonal peaks, the service provides flexible options for how the cloud can be strategically adopted.
- Flexible Consumption KEY TAKEAWAY VMware Cloud on AWS will have flexible, consumption-based billing and payment options to meet your needs. These mechanisms will be delivered over time TALKING POINTS Buying and paying for VMware Cloud on AWS is simple, and easy, with several models available. Billing: Pay-per-use; 1-3 year subscriptions; in addition to buy-on services Payment: VMware SPP or HPP credits; Purchase orders; or credit cards Hybrid Loyalty Program will provide discounts for on-premises licenses
- Global Reach KEY TAKEAWAY VMware Cloud on AWS allows customers to tap the global reach of Amazon’s global footprint—the largest of any cloud provider in the world, to scale their operations wherever they might need. TALKING POINTS VMware will offer VMware Cloud on AWS across AWS regions providing a robust and hardened cloud infrastructure over time. VMware will offer VMware Cloud on AWS across AWS regions providing a robust and hardened cloud infrastructure to enable compelling use-cases over time. The AWS Cloud operates 44 Availability Zones within 16 geographic Regions around the world, with announced plans for 17 more Availability Zones and six more Regions in Bahrain, China, France, Hong Kong, Sweden, and a second AWS GovCloud Region in the US.
- Now that we know what VMware Cloud on AWS aims to provide, let’s look at what it is. <CLICK> VMware Cloud on AWS is powered by VMware Cloud Foundation™, a unified SDDC platform that integrates VMware vSphere, VMware Virtual SAN™ and NSX™ virtualization technologies, and will provide access to the broad range of AWS services, together with the functionality, elasticity, and security customers have come to expect from the AWS Cloud. <CLICK> It Integrates VMware’s flagship compute, storage, and network virtualization products (vSphere, VSAN and NSX) along with vCenter management, and optimizes it to run on next-generation, elastic, bare-metal AWS infrastructure. The entire stack is sold by VMware, and it is deployed, operated and supported by VMware. <CLICK>The features of the software allow customers to dynamically scale the environment, by leveraging DRS & HA compute clusters, vSAN storage clusters, and NSX network virtualization.
- KEY TAKEAWAY This slide shows a deeper view into the landscape of products that power VMware Cloud on AWS. At the hardware level, a cloud SDDC uses bare metal hardware provided by AWS. The hardware has been designed by AWS for use in very large scale environments. And note that this is bare metal hardware, there is NO nested virtualization. Even though VMware gets access to bare metal hardware, all provisioning is done via Amazon EC2 APIs. This is why the service is very scaleable and why customers can get access to on-demand VMware capacity. The NVMe flash storage in the bare metal instances is used to create the datastores. <CLICK> On top of the hardware instances sits the VMware ESXi hypervisor. The minimum cluster size is 4 hosts, the maximum is currently 32 hosts per cluster. As the hosts are quite powerful, that provides a lot of capacity in a cluster. ESXi deployed on the hosts, with VMware High Availability (HA) and Distributed Resource Scheduling (DRS) enabled. VMware maintains the hypervisor. In order not to create any conflicts or risks of environments breaking, there are a couple of restrictions: customers do net get root access to the hypervisor and no SSH access either; no vSphere Installation Buncles (VIBs) or plugins are allowed. Using vSAN, the instance storage is aggregated into a VMware datastore that is used to store all VM disk files and the meta-data about VMs. At present, there is no access to EBS or EFS from the hosts in an SDDC, only instance storage is used. VMware storage policies apply. Customers can choose, e.g., the “failures to tolerate” for their vSAN storage environment. <CLICK> VMware NSX is used for network virtualization. It allows customers to create logical networks for their workloads. NSX takes care of filtering traffic in the environment, both inbound and outbound. When a cloud SDDC is deployed two NSX edge gateways are created: one for the management components in the environment (vCenter, vSAN & NSX mgmt components), and one for the customer workloads. These are called the Management Gateway and Compute Gateway, respectively. <CLICK> The entire vSphere stack is operated, maintained and supported by VMware. Customers get delegated permissions, but not full admin rights. Access to the environment is via vCenter. Every cloud SDDC has its own dedicated vCenter instance. That can be linked to on-prem vCenter instances using the Hybrid Linked Mode. Hybrid Linked Mode is a lot like vCenter Enhanced Linked Mode. Key difference for customers is that Hybrid Linked Mode supports situations where the on-prem and cloud vCenters are not the same version.