Forza Computazionale e Applicazioni Serverless

© 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
© 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or Its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
Diego Natali
AWS Solutions Architect
Serverless Computing
Build and run applications
without thinking about servers

Serverless Means …
No servers to provision
or manage
Scales with usage
Never pay for idle Built-in availability and
fault tolerance

Demo

Demo Architecture
Internet
Bees with
machine guns
Bees with
machine guns
Bees with
machine guns
Application
Load Balancer
Up to 2000 requests
Amazon API
Gateway
Auto Scaling group
instance instance
instance
instance
instance instance
import random
def lambda_handler(event, context):
number = random.randint(0,1000000)
return number

Serverless Applications
Services (anything)
Changes in
data state
Requests to
endpoints
Changes in
resource state
Event source Lambda function
Node.js
Python
Java
C# (.NET Core & Core
2.0)
Go

Services for Building Serverless Applications
AWS Lambda
Amazon DynamoDB
Amazon SNS
Amazon API Gateway
Amazon SQS
Amazon Kinesis
Amazon S3
Compute and API Proxy
AWS X-Ray
AWS Step Functions
Datastores, Storage, Orchestration, Analytics, Interprocess Messaging
Developer Tools
AWS CodeBuild
AWS CodePipeline
AWS Serverless
Application Model (SAM)
Open Source and
third parties
Lambda@Edge
AWS Cloud9
Amazon Aurora
Serverless (preview)
AWS AppSync

Common Serverless Application Use Cases
Web
applications
• Static
websites
• Complex web
apps
• Packages for
Flask and
Express
Data
processing
• Real time
• MapReduce
• Batch
• Machine
learning
inference
Chatbots
• Powering
chatbot logic
Backends
• Apps and
services
• Mobile
• IoT
</></>
Amazon
Alexa
• Powering
voice-enabled
apps
• Alexa
Skills Kit
IT automation
• Policy engines
• Extending
AWS services
• Infrastructure
management

Deep Dive/Components

Using AWS Lambda
Bring your own code
• Node.js, Java, Python,
C#, Go
• Bring your own libraries
(even native ones)
Simple resource model
• Select power rating from
128 MB to 3 GB
• CPU and network
allocated proportionately
Flexible use
• Synchronous or
asynchronous
• Integrated with other
AWS services
Flexible authorization
• Securely grant access to
resources and VPCs
• Fine-grained control for
invoking your functions

Using AWS Lambda
Authoring functions
• WYSIWYG editor or
upload packaged .zip
• AWS Cloud9 IDE
• Third-party plugins
(Eclipse, Visual Studio)
Monitoring and logging
• Metrics for requests,
errors, and throttles
• Built-in logs to Amazon
CloudWatch Logs
• Distributed tracing with
AWS X-Ray
Programming model
• Use processes, threads,
/tmp, sockets normally
• AWS SDK built in
(Python and Node.js)
Stateless
• Persist data using
external storage
• No affinity or access to
underlying infrastructure

Amazon S3 Amazon
DynamoDB
Amazon
Kinesis
AWS
CloudFormation
AWS CloudTrail Amazon
CloudWatch
Amazon
Cognito
Amazon SNSAmazon
SES
Cron events
Data stores Endpoints
Configuration repositories Event/message services
Example Event Sources That Trigger AWS Lambda
… and more on the way.
AWS
CodeCommit
Amazon
API Gateway
Amazon
Alexa
AWS IoT AWS Step
Functions

Lambda Execution Model
Synchronous
(push)
Asynchronous
(event)
Stream-based
Amazon
API Gateway
AWS Lambda
function
Amazon
DynamoDBAmazon
SNS
/order
AWS Lambda
function
Amazon
S3
reqs
Amazon
Kinesis
changes
AWS Lambda
service
function

Amazon API Gateway
Create a unified
API frontend for
multiple
microservices
Authenticate and
authorize
requests to a
backend
DDoS protection
and throttling for
your backend
Throttle, meter,
and monetize API
usage by third-
party developers

API Gateway Integrations
Internet
Mobile
apps
Websites
Services
AWS Lambda
functions
AWS
API Gateway Cache
Endpoints on
Amazon EC2
All publicly
accessible
endpoints
Amazon CloudWatch
Monitoring
Amazon
CloudFront
Any other
AWS service
Your
VPC
Endpoints
in your VPC
Regional API endpoints

AWS Step Functions
Easily coordinate multiple Lambda functions using visual workflows
Visualize in the
console
Define in JSON Monitor
executions

Benefits of Step Functions Orchestration
Change and add steps
without writing code to
evolve applications
and innovate faster
Coordinate and visualize
Lambda functions as a
series of steps to quickly
create serverless apps
Automatically trigger and
track each step at scale
and handle errors with
built-in retry and fallback
Productivity AgilityResilience

AWS Serverless Application Model (SAM)
• Simplified template driven deployment
model for serverless applications
• Supported serverless resource types:
functions, APIs, and tables
• Supports anything AWS CloudFormation
supports
• Open specification (Apache 2.0)
https://github.com/awslabs/serverless-application-model

SAM Template
Tells AWS CloudFormation this is a
SAM template it needs to transform
Creates a Lambda function with the
referenced managed IAM policy,
runtime, code at the referenced zip
location, and handler as defined.
Also creates an API Gateway and
takes care of all
mapping/permissions necessary
Creates a DynamoDB table with five
read & write units
AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09’
Transform: AWS::Serverless-2016-10-31
Resources:
GetHtmlFunction:
Type: AWS::Serverless::Function
Properties:
CodeUri: s3://sam-demo-bucket/todo_list.zip
Handler: index.gethtml
Runtime: nodejs4.3
Policies: AmazonDynamoDBReadOnlyAccess
Events:
GetHtml:
Type: Api
Properties:
Path: /{proxy+}
Method: ANY
ListTable:
Type: AWS::Serverless::SimpleTable

AWS SAM Local
AWS CLI tool for local testing of serverless apps
Works with lambda functions and “proxy-style”
APIs
Response object and function logs available on
your local machine
Uses open-source docker-lambda images to
mimic lambda’s execution environment:
• Emulates timeout, memory limits, runtimes
https://github.com/awslabs/aws-sam-local

Customer/Partner References

Comune di Cagliari
Pierangelo Lucio Orofino

What’s new?

What’s New in Serverless (cont.’d)
• Easy-to-use IDE in the cloud
• Built-in GitHub support
• Built-in Lambda blueprint support
• Built-in SAM Local:
• Local testing
• IDE debugging
• Deploy directly to Lambda or push
updates to GitHub
Cloud 9
NEW!

AWS Serverless Application Repository
• Search and browse ready-made apps and samples
• Customize open-source apps to get started quickly
• Share apps privately or publically
• Monetize APIs using the AWS Marketplace
• All apps powered by AWS SAM

AWS Lambda Concurrency control
• Lambda: Concurrency metric
• Lambda: Per-function concurrency throttles

Serverless DevOps / Deployment
Components

version NEW
How do we deploy a new version of our code?
version OLD
?

Serverless Deployment Pattern Considerations
Minimizing Impact
to consumers
Rollback technique Execution model
factors
Deployment Speed

Serverless Deployment Patterns
All at once
All traffic goes from
version OLD to NEW
at once.
Canaries/Linear
A small % of
production traffic is
sent to version NEW,
the remainder to
version OLD. After
some period of
waiting for validation,
traffic is shifted
incrementally (with
further validation) or
fully to version NEW.
Blue/Green
Version NEW is
deployed and tested
against before taking
production traffic.
After validated all
traffic goes from
version OLD to NEW
at once.

Serverless Deployment Patterns Consideration Matrix
Consumer impact Rollback Event Model
Factors
Deployment
Speed
All at once All at once Redeploy
older version
Any event model
at low concurrency
rate
Immediate
Blue/Green All at once with some
level of production
environment testing
beforehand
Revert traffic
to OLD
Better for async
and sync event
models at medium
concurrency
workloads
Minutes to
hours of
validation and
then immediate
to customers
Canaries/
Linear
1-10% typical initial
traffic shift, then
phased increases or
all at once
Revert traffic
to OLD
Better for high
concurrency
workloads
Minutes to
hours

NEW: Can deploy AWS Lambda!!
Uses AWS SAM to deploy serverless applications
Supports Lambda Alias Traffic Shifting enabling
canaries and blue|green deployments
Can rollback based on CloudWatch Metrics/Alarms
Pre/Post-Traffic Triggers can integrate with other
services (or even call Lambda functions)
AWS CodeDeploy + Lambda
NEW!

SAM Globals + Safe Deployments
Globals:
Function:
Runtime: nodejs4.3
AutoPublishAlias: !Ref ENVIRONMENT
MyLambdaFunction:
Type: AWS::Serverless::Function
Properties:
Handler: index.handler
DeploymentPreference:
Type: Linear10PercentEvery10Minutes
Alarms:
# A list of alarms that you want to monitor
- !Ref AliasErrorMetricGreaterThanZeroAlarm
- !Ref LatestVersionErrorMetricGreaterThanZeroAlarm
Hooks:
# Validation Lambda functions that are run before & after traffic shifting
PreTraffic: !Ref PreTrafficLambdaFunction
PostTraffic: !Ref PostTrafficLambdaFunction
NEW!

Lambda Alias Traffic Shifting & AWS SAM
Alarms: # A list of alarms that you want to monitor
- !Ref AliasErrorMetricGreaterThanZeroAlarm
- !Ref LatestVersionErrorMetricGreaterThanZeroAlarm
Hooks: # Validation Lambda functions that are run
before & after traffic shifting
PreTraffic: !Ref PreTrafficLambdaFunction
PostTraffic: !Ref PostTrafficLambdaFunction
In SAM:
Note: You can specify a maximum of 10 alarms

Amazon API Gateway Canary Support
Use canary release deployments to gradually roll out new APIs in
Amazon API Gateway:
• configure percent of traffic to go to a new stage deployment
• can test stage settings and variables
• API gateway will create additional Amazon CloudWatch Logs
group and CloudWatch metrics for the requests handled by the
canary deployment API
• To rollback: delete the deployment or set percent of traffic to 0
NEW!

Thank you & Build on!
aws.amazon.com/serverless

Forza Computazionale e Applicazioni Serverless

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