AWS最新區塊鏈服務與應用

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T A I P E I
AWS 最新區塊鏈服務與案例
Bruce Wang
Partner Solutions Architect
Amazon Web Services, HKT
Kelvin Wong
Advisory
Deloitte APAC Blockchain Lab
10.15.19

Blockchain builds trust in a consortium
Three main components:
• Immutable and independently verifiable shared ledger
• Distributed consensus on allowed activity
• “Smart contracts” for verified code execution
Blockchain makes it possible to build applications where multiple parties can execute
transactions without the need for a trusted, central authority.

Need for a ledger with centralized trust
TRANSACTIONS WITH
DECENTRALIZED TRUST2
DMV
Track vehicle title history
Manufacturers
Track distribution of a recalled product
HR & Payroll
Track changes to an
individual’s profile
Healthcare
Verify and track hospital equipment
inventory
LEDGERS WITH
CENTRALIZED TRUST1

LEDGERS WITH
CENTRALIZED TRUST
Need for running transactions with decentralized
trust
1 2
Financial institutions
Peer-to-peer payments
Mortgage
lenders
Process syndicated
loans
Supply Chain
Transact with suppliers
and distributers
Retail
Streamline customer
rewards
TRANSACTIONS WITH
DECENTRALIZED TRUST

Fully managed ledger database
with a central trusted authority

Challenges customers face
Building Ledgers with traditional databases
Difficult to
manage and scale
Impossible
to verify
Error prone and
incomplete
Resource
intensive
Blockchain approaches
Designed for a
different purpose
Adds unnecessary
complexity

Amazon Quantum Ledger Database (QLDB)
Fully managed ledger database
Track and verify history of all changes made to your application’s data
Maintains a sequenced record
of all changes to your data,
which cannot be deleted or
modified; you have the ability
to query and analyze the full
history
Immutable
Uses cryptography to
generate a secure output
file of your data’s history
Cryptographically
verifiable
Easy to use, letting you
use familiar database
capabilities like SQL APIs
for querying the data
Easy to useHighly scalable
Executes 2–3X as many
transactions as ledgers
in common blockchain
frameworks

How Amazon QLDB works

“Healthdirect Australia operates in a heavily regulated industry, and it is
critical that our compliance data is correct and auditable. With Amazon
QLDB we look forward to having a complete and verifiable history of every
change in our system, making it simple to audit when and how we arrived
at our current state. Regulatory compliance is fact of life for healthcare
companies, and Amazon QLDB enables us to easily track the controls we
have in place and understand how they have changed over time.”
—Bruce Haefele
General Manager, Technology, Healthdirect Australia

Fully managed blockchain service, supporting both
Hyperledger Fabric and Ethereum frameworks

Setup is hard Hard to scale ExpensiveComplicated to
manage
Challenges with existing blockchain solutions

Amazon Managed Blockchain
Easily create and manage scalable blockchain networks
Quickly create blockchain networks
that span multiple AWS accounts.
Easily add or remove members and
monitor the network
Fully managed
Choice of Hyperledger Fabric
or Ethereum Improves ReliabilityScalable and secure
Easily scale your blockchain network
as the usage grows. Also, Managed
Blockchain secures your network
certificates with KMS
Choose the right framework for your
needs, whether you are building a
permissioned or public network
Managed Blockchain improves the
reliability of the “ordering service,”
by replacing the default technology
with QLDB. This improves durability.

How Amazon Managed Blockchain works?
Amazon Managed
Blockchain
Create a network
Choose an open source blockchain
framework, set up
a new blockchain network and your
membership in your AWS account
with just a few clicks
Invite members
Invite other AWS accounts
to join the network
Add nodes
Create and configure blockchain
peer nodes that store a copy
of the distributed ledger
Deploy applications
Create and deploy
decentralized applications to your
network through your per nodes.
Transact with other members on
the network

“As critical financial market infrastructure, the industry relies on us to provide innovative
solutions that reduce risk, increase transparency and evolve with market and regulatory needs.
We believe that blockchain technology represents a generational opportunity to re–imagine
post–trade infrastructure. We are pleased to be using Amazon Managed Blockchain to explore
possibilities with Hyperledger Fabric, where we can continue to lead industry initiatives around
the exploration and adoption of blockchain. Amazon Managed blockchain automates the
deployment of blockchain infrastructure, bringing high availability and durability in a fully
managed package, accelerating the adoption of distributed ledger technology.”
—Rob Palatnick
Managing Director, Chief Technology Architect, DTCC

Asia Pacific Blockchain Lab
Deloitte China
Assurance Financial AdvisoryTax Risk Advisory Consulting
Strategy & Operations Human Capital Technology
SAP Oracle
System
Integration
Analytics & Information
Management
Technology
Strategy
Digital GDC
FinTech COE, Advanced Analytic Center, and Asia Pacific Blockchain Lab
Deloitte Technology Consulting is a huge practice, with a solid Analytics and Information Management practice and a FinTech COE
based in Hong Kong.

Deloitte APAC Blockchain Lab
Deloitte Asia Pacific Blockchain Lab is one of the three Blockchain Labs in Deloitte. , coordinated out of Hong Kong, works with our
specialists across the region and other Deloitte Blockchain Labs to bring Deloitte's unique expertise to Asia Pacific.
Overview of Deloitte’s Blockchain Capability
New York Blockchain lab
40+ developers and designers
Dublin Blockchain lab
50+ developers and
designers
Hong Kong Blockchain lab
30+ practitioners in Hong Kong
70+ developers and designers in CQ
100+ Blockchain professionals
70+ Developers and designers
50+ Prototypes

Deloitte Asia Pacific Fintech Center of Excellence (COE)
About Us | Deloitte Fintech Center of Excellent
We are the FinTech Centre of Excellence of Deloitte China as well as the Asia Pacific Blockchain Lab for the region.
We develop solutions around AI, Blockchain, Big Data, and Digital. We completed projects ranged from the leading trade finance DLT
platform for 5 major banks in HK, bancassurance DLT platform in Macau, machine learning and big data for major international bank,
etc.

Deloitte Asia Pacific Blockchain Lab

Deloitte Fintech Lab – Blockchain Project Achievement
Bid for GTCN Interoperability Project between HK TFP
and Singapore National Trade Platform (NTP)
Won HKMA Trade Finance Platform
(TFP) Project Management and
Govenance model design
Supported US Firm with
Our Solution Architect on
RiskBlock Project of The
Institute
Collaborated on a Whitepaper on
DLT Governance
Bid for AgriBusiness Certification Platform
Deployed Cross-Industry & Cross-Border Bancassurnace Platform for China
Life (China) and China Guangfa Bank (Macau) with Press Release
Won EPA of Victoria Traceability
Blockchain Platform
Won MoneySQ KYC & Mortgage
Blockchain Platform (Contracting)
Conducted Roadshow for 8 Clients, including Nissan, Mercedes Benz,
Toyota, Fidelity, Mizuho, MSAD, SMBC, and Heitman
Won DLT Product Evaluation Consultancy for
WeBank / Shenzhen FinTech Association
Achievements Interfirm Support

Blockchain benefits
Blockchain is a shared form of distributed ledger database (DLT) that provides a host of benefits for sharing
with resilience and high security
Sharing data among all
network participants
Resilience
Undisputed source of truth:
it’s unchanged once written
Undisputed
EPA set data regulations;
control of who and how they
contribute
Proactive
Move towards proactive
enforcement by making
mass balance a reality
Control

Prominent use cases across industries
We identified a number of use cases for blockchain technology that can be applied across industries and
in some cases combined to facilitate an end-to-end process
Business models enabled by Blockchain
technology:
• Commercialize applications to generate
new revenue streams
• Form consortiums with peers in
industry (e.g. a group of finance
organizations of manufacturing
companies forming a syndication
without a bank or central authority)
• Move up the value chain and
sell/market directly to consumers (e.g.
asset managers interacting directly
with investors)
• Create alternative investment options
or portfolios (e.g. investing in
cryptocurrencies or vendors)
Supply Chain Management
Blockchain offers an immutable and irreversible source of information that can track the true ownership of
a product across the supply chain
Payments
Blockchain can transfer payment across currencies almost instantly for a fraction of today’s cost and
provide access to the unbanked in remote areas
Multi Party Aggregation
Blockchain can be used as a shared master data repository for common industry information allowing
multiple members to query the data
Digital Identity / KYC
Blockchain can create an auditable source of information shared and verified across a network of
organizations (e.g., KYC compliance)
Voting
Blockchain provides a method for allowing users to vote using a secure online platform that provides
transparency into elections results
Clearing and Settlement
Blockchain shows promise to drive efficiency in the clearing and settlement process of digital assets
through the use of colored coins
Reinsurance
Blockchain establishes a framework of Smart Contracts that enable automatic representation of
reinsurance agreements across the ecosystem

Blockchain Fundamentals
Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology (DLT) that impacts all transaction fabrics in modern world. It
can be used for recording business transactions, transferring value and enabling programmable business
logic
Near Real
Time
No
Intermediary
Distributed
Ledger
Irreversible
Blockchain
“the Internet
of Value”
Features Purpose Types
Public Blockchain
 Fully decentralized – requires very low trust
 Fully transparent – Anyone can read, send transactions and
participate in the consensus process
 Blockchains are secured by economic incentives and cryptographic
verification; Low cost for transactions
Permissioned Blockchain
 Quasi decentralized – hybrid; Read permission of the Blockchain
restricted to participants
 Participants can agree to rule changes, reversals and modification
 Greater degree of privacy protections as only preselected entities are
allowed to read the blockchain
Private Blockchain
 Centralized– requires ‘high trust’ entity
 Only the centralized authority has the capability to agree to rule
changes, transaction reversals and modification
 Transaction costs dictated by one entity
Data
Exchange

Encryption (Reversible)
Hash (Irreversible)
2 7
+5
(Lossless)
Decryption
37 2
Mod 7
16
?
Borrower Bank A Bank B
PO1234
Encrypt Decrypt
030af6ea 030af6ea
…
Deduplication by Smart Contract

Blockchain Fundamentals - Gold Mine in
Blockchain
Hash Address
• Buyer
• Seller
• Date
• Product
Category
• Purchase Order
• Origin
• Value
• Route
• Invoice
• Terms
Hash Address Exporter Importer Bank Customs Tax Regulator Logistic Insurer
The transparency of data in Blockchain enables tons of business case.

Trade Finance Eco-System – Nodes/Peers in
Permissioned Blockchain
Regulator
Other
Participants
DLT
Network
Node
Freight
Forwarder
Commercial
Clients
SMEs
SMEs
SMEs
Bank
Trade
Facilitation
Service Provider
Corporate
Client
Bank
Network
Operator
Network
Participant

Data Design
Blockchain platform captures an immutable trail of the product, with inspector providing assurance of
data reliability. No financial data is on-chain.
2018-01-01
IoT Identifier:
XXX
Off Chain
9e68590debb5445a58bd2e3
8f0d534444b64c1a9a0bef9cc
f145c110632370f3
On Chain
Produced in India
Manufacturer
Signed
0959560ccd3f61e342a35a7a1
14e4ae95159960994c305338
ba048c49a0acb67
2018-02-03
9e68590debb5445a58bd2e3
f145c110632370f3
Sold in Hong Kong
2018-01-02
9e68590debb5445a58bd2e3
f145c110632370f3
Product
Certification
2018-02-03
9e68590debb5445a58bd2e3
f145c110632370f3
Audited Inspector Signed
Retailer Signed
2018-04-10
9e68590debb5445a58bd2e3
f145c110632370f3
Claims Incident Customer Signed
2018-04-20
9e68590debb5445a58bd2e3
f145c110632370f3
Claims Processed Insurance Signed
Identifier Hashed by SHA-256 Display on Mobile App or Web Portal Upon Enquiry

Gold Mine in Blockchain
Hash Address
• Buyer
• Seller
• Date
• Product
Category
• Purchase Order
• Origin
• Value
• Route
• Invoice
• Terms
Hash Address Exporter Importer Bank Customs Tax Regulator Logistic Insurer

Trade Finance Platform
Corda Hyperledger (超级账本)
Open(开源)Proprietary(独家)
Marco Polo
Voltron Batavia DTC
# 12
P LC
V 5~10d  1d
T SME
# 14
P OAF
V RWA
T All
D May 2018
D Oct 17  Q4 18
eTC
# 7 + 5
P OAF
V Effort & Risk
T All
D Sep 2018
# 9
P BPU
V SaaS
T SME
D Jul 2018
# 5
P LC & OAF
V -
T All
D Apr 2018
Many large banks are members of multiple networks.

Purchase Order

Financing Approval & Fraud Alert

Data Encryption & Smart Contract

Bancassurance
Through synchronizing policy, status, and premium data, as well as automating commission calculation
and reconciliation, 86% of manual effort was reduced.

Know-Your-Customer (KYC)
Individual user sends a request to Bank A to populate
his/her KYC account with KYC and bank account
information, using a hashed HKID (and potentially
other fields) for lookup.
Bank A retrieves the information from their database
and sends the information to the user, which logically
belongs to the user but physically stored in the
distributed ledgers, i.e. everyone will own a copy, but
in a hashed form which cannot be reverse-engineered.
The user sends the information to Bank D for credit
application, but technically, the user sends the hashed
ID over to Bank D and Bank D finds the information in
the data node hosted by themselves.
Bank D can either use API to connect the data from
KYC Blockchain network or use the portal to conduct
KYC information enquiries.
The approved credit information will then be
propagated to all parties in the ecosystem using the
hashed ID.
Individual users can retrieve their profile information from a bank they choose, then authorize the use
of those data by another bank for credit applications.
KYC
Network
Bank D
Bank A
Bank B
Bank C
Credit Bureau B
Credit Bureau AUtility A Utility B
Individual User
2 3
5
Credit
Application
1
4
5
5
1
2
3
4
5

KYC - Digital Identity on Blockchain
Hash Address
Once a qualified participant completes the KYC process for one customer, another one can on-board
the same customer quickly.
KYC Blockchain
Customer Vault
3P14159f73E4gFr7JterCCQh9QjiT
Hash
Customer ID | ID  | Address 
Hash Address
ID.tif
AddressProof.
pdf
IncomeProof.
pdf
Bank A
Encryption Key
Bank B
KYC Fee
Inquiry Upon Customer Authorization
KYC Result
Immutable

KYC - Data Design
Blockchain platform captures an immutable trail of the personal information and credit history, without
unique identifier of individuals through ID hashing.
2018-01-01ID: XXX
Off Chain
9e68590debb5445a58bd2e3
f145c110632370f3
On Chain
HKID Validated Bank A Signed
Address Proof
2018-01-03
9e68590debb5445a58bd2e3
f145c110632370f3
Income Proof
2018-01-02
9e68590debb5445a58bd2e3
f145c110632370f3
Utility A Signed
2018-02-03
9e68590debb5445a58bd2e3
f145c110632370f3
Credit Score Bureau Signed
Utility B Signed
2018-02-10
9e68590debb5445a58bd2e3
f145c110632370f3
Credit Exposure Update Bank D Signed
2018-04-20
9e68590debb5445a58bd2e3
f145c110632370f3
Delinquency Update Bank A Signed
Identifier Hashed by SHA-256 Display on Mobile App or Web Portal Upon Enquiry

Cross-Border KYC
To support product, people, and capital flow, information flow is the foundation and the most important
enabler.
Bank
Insurance
Pension &
Housing Fund
Universities
Credit Bureau
Service Portal
Individual Clients
EntrepreneursArbitration
Medical
Qualifications
Patient Record
Service Enquiries
Legal Record
Policies & Claims
Financial Record
G B A

Supply Chain Traceability
Deloitte’s supply chain solution includes physical inspection results which are then validated against on-
chain and immutable records.
Traceability
Blockchain
ERP ERP ERP ERP
Miner Polishing Shipment Inventory Wholesale Retailer
Insurance
Supply Chain API
Claims Filing
Customers
Database Mobile &
Desktop
ApplicationInspection Company
Core Banking
Bank
Financial Services

Problem of Digital Twins
Nano IdentifierInternet-of-Things
Linking the physical world with the digital platform is the key to project success.
Laser Engraving
Smart Container
Anti-Counterfeit Label

Track & Trace

Blockchain Ecosystem - Education Credentials
Apart from forged qualifications, when government provides grant and funding, there will be additional
risks.
Grant
Existing Employer
University
Portal
Training Provider
Training Provider Portal
Certification
Individual Users
Individual Users
Automated Audit Agent
Potential Employer
Training, Attendance, Assessment
Qualification
Data
Enquiry
Fraud Detection
Training Nomination
Funding
Record
Qualification
SME
Administration
Education
Credentials

Loyalty Membership Ecosystem
Crypto-Based
Loyalty
Program
Gaming Chain Hotel
Government
Collection
Financing
Shopping Mall
Casino
Gaming companies can share “hashed” customer
profiles among concessionaries and sub-
concessionaries, as well as overseas subsidiaries or
partners (Case: Jewelry).
Regulations (DICJ, AMCM, GPDP, etc.) and taxation
(DSF) can be enforced through monitoring real-time and
transparent transactional data using big data analytics
(Case: HKMA).
Behavioral data can be analyzed for underwriting
purpose and provide credit facility for customers (Case:
Alibaba)
Insurance
eSport
DLT allows cross-border synchronization of
sensitive customer information with their
delinquency information for effective collection
(Case: Reditus).
Insurance companies will be highly interested in the behavioral data for
underwriting purpose, rendering a data monetarization opportunity (Case:
Japan Auto).
Loyalty points can be consumed and behavioral
data can be collected for propensity model
development and risk appetite analysis (Case:
China Life).
Partnering
Casino
Partnering
Casino
Profile can be tracked and traced using eSport wallet (Case: G-
Loot).
With real-time, secured, and potentially cross-border B2B data synchronization, the
transparency and productivity of the whole ecosystem can be improved.

Deloitte Blockchain Asset
Platform enabling donation
collection and distribution to
small charitise
Charity Dao
Enabling fast and transparent
lending and payment processes
for auto dealers, buyers, and
lenders
Auto Lending |
Lend Smart
Near real-time enterprise
payments
Business to Business
Payments
Alerting the primary financier
when the same property is
finance more than one time
Double Financing Alert |
eMortgage Alert
Facilitating real time validation
and sharing of certified
qualifications
Digital Identity | SmartID
Eliminating onboarding overhead,
while onboarding customers in a
secure, trusted, and efficient manner
Customer Onboarding
Allowing customers to send
money cross-borders
Cross Border Payments
Art Tracker | Arttractive
A distributed ledger for
tracking the provenance and
location of fine art
Education Credentials |
EduScrypt
Facilitating real time validation and
sharing of certified qualifications

Rapid onboarding for
enterprise clients to
bancassurance services
Insurance Broker
Marketplace |
Bancassurance
Insurance First Notice
of Loss
Streamlining the know your
customer process and eliminating
duplicative KYC information
gathering from customers
KYC Utility
Management of fund
subscription, fund
redemption, and reporting via
blockchain
Fund Distribution
Comprehensive servicing of
many lending products – from
loan setup to repayment
(integrates with SAP/HANA)
Loans Management
Notifying incumbent insurer
when customer switches
insurers (to achieve French
regulation compliance)
Insurance Cancellation
Management
Tracking microinsurance
operations from onboarding
through repayment
Lender Bot
Platform for employee /
customer loyalty, enabling
faster distribution of rewards
and simpler administration
Loyalty & Rewards |
Dcoins
ICO Support
Streamlining the first notice of
loss process
ICO business case evaluation, voting,
strategy, design, launch, and tax
implications support

Simpler registration of tenant-
landlord contracts
Real Estate contracts
Simplifying reinsurance contracts
and settlement
Reinsurance
Achieving real, immutable
timestamping
Timestamping Over
Blockchain
Enabling secure sharing of
patient consent for clinical
trials
Patient Health Data
Sharing
Letter of credit streamlined and
simplified for buyers, sellers, and
banks
Trade Finance | Letter
of Credit Simplification
Supply chain tracking, tracing, and
provenance
Supply Chain | TraceChain
Proxy Voting | UVote
Cost effective, secure, and
transparent access to voting –
from anywhere with an internet
connection
Streamlining reporting, acting as a
secure repository for large volumes
of data
Reg Reporting | RegChain
Modernizing trade finance while
decreasing costs, increasing
revenue potential, and
decreasing fraud
Trade Finance | Mercury

Intracompany agreement
management and validation for
transfer pricing
Transfer Pricing Smart
contracts | Trade chain
Transaction Reporting |
AIRMES
Shared immutable ledger of
transaction reports

Thank you!
BruceWang
ykwang@amazon.com

AWS最新區塊鏈服務與應用

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