Ini adalah salah satu teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian kuantitatif dengan memanfaatkan existing documents atau statistik.

1. ANALYZING EXISTING
STATISTICS/DOCUMENTS
BABBIE Ch. 11
METODE PENELITIAN SOSIAL
By: Alvin Agustino Saputra

2. Paradigma dan Metode Penelitian dalam Ilmu Sosial
Pendekatan
Pendekatan Subyektif/Interpretif/
Obyektif/Positivistik/Saintifik/Il Naturalistik/Alamiah
-miah
Metode Kuantitatif Metode Kualitatif
TECHNIQUES FOR DATA COLLECTION
Penelitian
Penelitian
Penelitian isi/teks media
isi/teks media Penelitian
Lapangan (Unobtrusive):
(Unobtrusive): Lapangan
(Obtrusive): 1. Case Study
1. Content (Obtrusive):
1. Survei 2. Fenomeno-
Analysis 1. Analisis logi
2. Eksperi- 2. Existing
Framing 3. Etnometo-
men Statistics/Do
2. Analisis dologi
3. Field -cuments
Wacana 4. Etnografi
Research 3. Secondary
3. Semiotik 5. Biografi
4. Focus Research
6. Grounded
4. Comparative Metode 4. Hermeneu
Group Theory
& Historical Gabungan -tik
(FG) 7. Interaksi
Research
Simbolik

3. What is Analyzing Existing Statistics ?
A VARIETY OF GOVERNMENT AND
NONGOVERNMENT AGENCIES PROVIDE
AGGREGATE STATISTICAL DATA FOR STUDYING
ASPECTS OF SOCIAL LIFE.
EXISTING STATISTICS MAY BE THE MAIN
SOURCE OF DATA OR A SUPPLEMENTAL SOURCE
OF DATA.
EXAMPLE: DURKHEIM’S STUDY OF SUICIDE
DURKHEIM RELIED UPON EXISTING STATISTICS AT THE LEVEL OF
NATIONSTATE TO UNDERSTAND THE LINK BETWEEN SOCIAL
INTEGRATION INTO SOCIETY AND THE SUICIDE RATE.

4. Why Use Existing Statistical Analysis?
1. WE WANT TO SUMMARIZE SOME
DATA IN A SHORTER FORM.
2. WE ARE TRYING TO UNDERSTAND
SOME PROCESS AND POSSIBLE
PREDICT BASED ON THIS
UNDERSTANDING.

5. Analyzing Existing Statistics
Units of Analysis
-Often times, existing statistics on individuals
are aggregated to large geographic
units, which makes it difficult to study
individuals
- In particular, there is the risk of the
ecological fallacy
Aggregate vs. Individual

6. Advantages of Existing Statistics
- HEMAT WAKTU DAN BIAYA
- DAPAT MELAKUKAN ANALISIS ANTAR WAKTU:
MELIHAT TREN  PERUBAHAN YANG TERJADI
- LEBIH BANYAK WAKTU UNTUK ANALISIS DATA
- MENAWARKAN INTERPRETASI YANG BERBEDA
DENGAN SEBELUMNYA
- PENGGUNAAN YANG MAKSIMAL DARI RISET YANG
TELAH DILAKUKAN  KEWAJIBAN PENELITI

7. Limitation of Existing Statistics
- USE EXISTING STATISTICS NOT APPROPRIATE
FOR HIS/HER RESEARCH QUESTION
- THE RESEARCHER DOES NOT UNDERSTAND THE
SUBSTANTIVE TOPIC
- THE FALLACY OF MISPLACED CONCRETENESS

8. Problems of Validity
- Because prior research may not have measured exactly what
the researcher is interested in studying, the variables may not
be completely valid.
- A proxy for a construct
- No control over how information is collected
Problems of Reliability
- Researchers are limited by quality of existing statistics
- If little effect was made to ensure reliability in the original
data collection project, then the measures are less than
reliable
-Think about the demographic and economic statistics in many
less developing countries

9. Sources of Existing Statistics
• DATA ARE AVAILABLE FROM A VARIETY OF
SOURCES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES AND OTHER
NGOS.
-STATISTICAL ABSTRACT OF THE UNITED STATES
(HTTP://WWW.CENSUS.GOV/COMPENDIA/STATAB/)
- DEMOGRAPHIC YEARBOOK
(HTTP://UNSTATS.UN.ORG/UNSD/DEMOGRAPHIC/PRODUCTS/DYB/DYB2.HTM)
- WORLD BANK STATISTICS
(HTTP://DATA.WORLDBANK.ORG/)
- UNESCO INSTITUTE OF STATISTICS
(HTTP://WWW.UIS.UNESCO.ORG/PAGES/DEFAULT.ASPX)
- WORLD LABOR STATISTICS FROM ILO
(HTTP://LABORSTA.ILO.ORG/)
- HONG KONG CENSUS & STATISTICS DEPARTMENT
(HTTP://WWW.CENSTATD.GOV.HK/HOME/INDEX.JSP)
- NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA
(HTTP://WWW.STATS.GOV.CN/ENGLISH/)