Lesson 3

1. Factors and Common Factors

2. There are four bags of
candies. Each bag has six
candies. How many
candies are there in all?
to answer the problem, you multiply.
Let Us Discover
4 x 6 = 24
Complete answer: There are 24 candies in all.

3. Factors are the numbers that are multiplied to get a
product. Factor pairs are two numbers that are multiplied to
get another number.
In the multiplication sentence 4 x 6 = 24, the
number 24 is the product while 4 and 6 are the
factors of 24.
Examples:
1 x 24 = 24
2 x 12 = 24
3 x 8 = 24
4 x 6 = 24
The factors of 24 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6,
8, 12, and 24.

4. Think: Can you divide 24 by any of its factor?
The factors of a number can be divide the number exactly,
that is, there is no remainder
24 ÷ 1 = 24 24 ÷ 4 = 6 24 ÷ 12 = 2
24 ÷ 2 = 12 24 ÷ 6 = 4 24 ÷ 24 = 1
24 ÷ 3 = 8 24 ÷ 8 = 3

5. There are 1, 2, 4, and 8.
The factors of 16 are 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16.
Can you see that there are factors of 16 which are also factors of 24?
Look at the factor pairs of 16.
1 x 16 = 16 2 x 8 = 16 4 x 4 = 16
You can call them common factors of 16 and 24.
Common factors of two or more numbers are factors
that are the same for all the given numbers.

6. What could be another name that can you give to common factors?
You can also call them common divisors.
It is possible for two or more
numbers to have more than one
common factor.
Take Note:

7. Let Us Summarize
 Factors are the numbers that are multiplied to get a product.
 Factor pairs are the combination of two factors whose
product is the given.
 Common factors of two or more numbers are the factors that
are the same for all the given numbers.
 The common factors of numbers may be called common
divisor because the divide the given number exactly.
 Two or more numbers may have more than one common
factor.