This module discusses the history and uses of computers in education. It covers the five generations of computers from vacuum tubes to artificial intelligence. Some key uses of computers discussed include better presentation of information, access to online resources, and data storage. Both advantages like efficient storage and quick processing, and disadvantages like technical issues and plagiarism are reviewed. Graphic tools, desktop publishing, databases, and similarities of hardware and software are also summarized.

1. COMPUTER TOOLS FOR TEACHING
AND LEARNING
Module 3:

2. Overview
Welcome to Module 3!
This module will let you see how computer has
started and how computer has been useful in
teaching and learning. Here the dis-advantage of the
computer education is also discussed

3. Learning Outcomes
As you finish the module, you are expected to:
a. Tell the four/five generations of computer;
b. Be aware about the concerns of using computer database and data base
management;
c. Recognize the use of graphic tools and desktop publisher;
d. Identify the functions of computer database and data base management;
e. List down the similarities and differences of computer hardware and software;
f. Explain the roles of computer;
g. Appreciate the educational uses of computer;
h. Discuss the disadvantages of computer learning;
i. Illustrate the difference between computer tools from traditional tools for
instruction.

4. Pretest
1.Computer is a ___________ device.
2.Operating system is a ___________.
3.__________ refers to the physical components of the
computer that can be touched and seen.
4-7. Give an example of a hardware.
8-10. Give an example of a software
Direction: Answer the following.

5. Direction: Identify the following, name each parts of a computer.
Activity 1

6. a device, usually electronic, that
processes data according to a set of
instructions. The digital computer
stores data in discrete units and
performs arithmetical and logical
operations at very high speed.
Computer

8.  English mathematician and
inventor who is credited with
having conceived the first
automatic digital computer.
 Charles Babbage is also known
as the father of the computer.
 Analytical Engine
Charles Babbage

9. Analytical Engine
• Was the first general purpose
computer of the world
• It was designed as mechanical
computer that could perform
any kind of calculation.
The abacus, also called a counting
frame, is a calculating tool which has
been used since ancient times.
Abacus

10. Five Generations of
Computer

11. 1940 – 1956: First Generation – Vacuum Tubes
A vacuum-tube
computer, now termed a
first-generation
computer, is a computer
that uses vacuum tubes
for logic circuitry.

12. 1956 – 1963: Second Generation – Transistors
A transistor computer, now often
called a second-generation
computer, is a computer which uses
discrete transistors instead of
vacuum tubes

13. 1964 – 1971: Third Generation – Integrated Circuits
An integrated circuit (IC), sometimes called a chip, microchip or microelectronic
circuit, is a semiconductor wafer on which thousands or millions of tiny
resistors, capacitors, diodes and transistors are fabricated.

14. 1972 – 2010: Fourth Generation – Microprocessors
• A microprocessor is a computer
processor where the data processing
logic and control is included on a
single integrated circuit, or a small
number of integrated circuits. The
microprocessor contains the
arithmetic, logic, and control circuitry
required to perform the functions of
a computer's central processing unit.

15. 2010- : Fifth Generation – Artificial Intelligence

16. Capabilities and Limitations of
Computer Systems

17. Speed
Speed means the duration computer system
requires in fulfilling a task or completing an activity. It
is well-known that computers need very little time
than humans in completing a task. Generally, humans
take into account a second or minute as a unit of
time.
Capabilities of a Computer System

18. Accuracy
Accuracy means the level of precision with which
calculations are made and tasks are performed. One may
invest years of his life in detecting errors in computer
calculations or updating a wrong record
Reliability
Reliability is the quality due to which the user can stay
dependable on the computer. Computers systems are
well-adjusted to do repetitive tasks. They never get
tired, bored or fatigued. Hence, they are a lot reliable
than humans.

19. Adaptability
Adaptability of computer system means the quality of it to
complete a different type of tasks: simple as well as complex.
Computers are normally versatile unless designed for a specific
operation. Overall, a daily purpose computer is used in any area
of application: business, industry, scientific, statistical,
technological and so on
Storage
Storage is the ability of the computer to store data in itself for
accessing it again in future. Nowadays, apart from having
instantaneous access to data, computers have a huge ability to
store data in a little physical space.

20. LIMITATIONS OF COMPUTER
SYSTEM
Limitations are the drawbacks of the computer
system in which humans outperform them.

21. Lack of common-sense
This is one of the major limitations of computer
systems. No matter how efficient, fast and reliable
computer systems might be but yet do not have any
common sense because no full-proof algorithm has
been designed to programme logic into them. As
computers function based on the stored
programme(s), they simply lack common sense.

22. Zero IQ
Another of the limitations of computer systems is that they
have zero Intelligence Quotient (IQ). They are unable to see
and think the actions to perform in a particular situation
unless that situation is already programmed into them.
Computers are programmable to complete each and every
task, however small it may be.

23. Lack of Decision-making
Decision-making is a complicated process
involving information, knowledge, intelligence,
wisdom, and ability to judge. The computer system
does not have the ability to make decisions on
their own because they do not possess all the
essentials of decision-making.

24. Graphic Tools and Desktop Publisher

25. Graphic Tools
a graphic tool is a software application or platform that
makes use of visual effects to improve any content.

26. CANVA
Adobe Photoshop
Pixlr
Lucidpress

27. Desktop Publisher
Desktop publishing is the use of a computer to produce high-quality
documents containing text and graphics formatted for a single-page
publication. For example, desktop publishing is utilized to create printed
material, such as book covers, brochures, catalogs, flyers, magazines, and
posters

28. Database
• The function of a database is to collect
and organize input data.
• A database is managed by a database
management system (DBMS), systems
software that provides assistance in
managing databases shared by many
users.

29. Database Management System (DBMS)
A database management system
(DBMS) is a software package
designed to, manipulate, retrieve and
manage data in a database. A DBMS
generally manipulates the data itself,
the data format, field names, record
structure, and file structure.
It provides users and programmers
with a systematic way to create,
retrieve, update and manage data.

30. The Database Management System performs
the following functions:
 Data Dictionary Management,
 Data Storage Management,
 Data Transformation and Presentation,
 Security Management,
 Multi-User Access Control,
 Backup and Recovery Management,
 Data Integrity Management,
 Database Access Languages and Application
Interface,
 Database Communication Interface.

31. Similarities between Hardware and Software
Development
 They have behavior: Users interact with the products in various ways,
products interact with other products, and products produce outputs
given inputs
 They have functional (user-facing) and non-functional (non-user-
facing) requirements
 They are complex: Any representation of product specifications
invariably leads to a tree structure, as major features are decomposed
into finer-grained features

34. Purpose of Computers in Education
• Computers are one of the most valuable resources in a classroom
because they serve so many useful functions. With computers and
the internet, students today have a wealth of information at their
fingertips that can help them develop their research and
communication skills while preparing them for a future career in a
workforce that is increasingly reliant on computer technology.

35. Roles of Computer in Education
1.Computers are a brilliant aid in teaching.
Online education has revolutionized the education industry.
Computer technology has made the dream of distance learning, a reality.
Education is no longer limited to classrooms.
2.Computers have given impetus to distance education.
Computers facilitate effective presentation of information. Presentation
software like PowerPoint and animation software like Flash among others
can be of great help to teachers while delivering lectures.

36. 3.Computer software help better presentation of
information.
Teachers can refer to it for additional information and references on the topics to
be taught. Students can refer to web sources for additional information on subjects
of their interest
4.Computers enable access to the Internet which has information
on literally everything.
Computers enable storage of data in the electronic format, thereby
saving paper. Memory capacities of computer storage devices are in
gigabytes.

37. 5.Computer, hard drives and storage devices are an excellent way to
store data.
This was about the role of computers in education. But
we know, it's not just the education sector which computers
have impacted. They are of great use in every field. Today, a
life without computers is unimaginable. This underlines the
importance of computer education.

38. The advantages of computers in education primarily
include:
 Storage of information
 Quick data processing
 Audio-visual aids in teaching
 Better presentation of information
 Access to the Internet
 Quick communication between students,
and parents

39. DISAVANTAGES OF COMPUTER IN
EDUCATION

40. Technical Problems
For online learning courses or classes requiring network
access, technical issues can cause major problems. A
lost or stolen computer might prohibit a student from
logging onto a discussion forum.

41. Spelling and Handwriting Skills
When students replace paper and pen with a computer for
education, handwriting skills may suffer. Adult learners benefit
from increased brain activity when writing new information by
hand, particularly in subjects such as math and chemistry. Most
computer word processing programs include a spelling and
grammar check, and students might rely too heavily on the
computer to correct spelling and grammatical errors.

42. Cheating
Using computers to cheat is a widespread problem in universities
and colleges. Students might search online for answers to test
questions or have answers sent to their computers by other
students. Students are able to access huge amounts of information
via computers and may present that information as their own.
Plagiarizing may be difficult for universities to prove or identify
because of the broad scope of the Internet and difficulty of finding
all possible sources of information.

43. Financial Problems
Financial problems may prohibit some students from owning a
computer, placing them at a disadvantage. Low-income college
students are less likely to have easy access to a computer and
may not have learned basic computer skills that other students
learned at a young age.

44. Computer Tools Traditional Tools
Helps teacher plan, implement and
evaluate instruction
Teachers planned and implemented
instruction using typewriters, pencil, and
paper.
To record grades, calculate averages,
manage attendance and access data on
student performance in online programs
and assessments. Computers have also
made it easier for teachers to vary their
instructional delivery
Traditional instructional materials are the
materials traditionally used by the
teachers to their students in teaching
their lessons. It includes the use of
textbook, chalk, board, marker, charts
and flash cards. These are the common
materials that help the teachers to
the lesson clearly.

45. Activity 2: TIMELINE
Make a timeline on the five generations of computers. Use the chart that is given
below.

46. Post Test
1.Computer is a ___________ device.
2.Operating system is a ___________.
3.__________ refers to the physical components of the
computer that can be touched and seen.
4-7. Give an example of a hardware.
8-10. Give an example of a software
Direction: Answer the following.

47. EXPECTED ANSWERS:
Pretest-Post Test
1. Electronic
2. Software
3. Hardware
4. Monitor, system unit
5. Mouse, RAM, ROM
6. Keyboard
7. CPU
8. Windows 7,8,10,11
9. Linux, word, excel
10. Games, Mcintosh, Anitivirus

48. Activity 1: Expected Answers

49. Activity 2: Expected Answers
1940 – 1956: First
Generation –
Vacuum Tubes
1956 – 1963:
Second
Generation –
Transistors
1964 – 1971: Third
Generation –
Integrated Circuits
1972 – 2010:
Fourth Generation
– Microprocessors
2010- : Fifth
Generation –
Artificial
Intelligence

50. References
• https://btob.co.nz/business-news/five-generations-computers/
• https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/science/engineering/computer/computer-
overview/development-of-computers
• https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/development-of-computer-system/
• https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-Babbage
• https://www.theclassroom.com/uses-computers-education-4813487.html
• https://jeancotamora.blogspot.com/2015/09/lesson-11-computer-as-teachers-tool.html
• https://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/graphic-design-software-tools/
• https://qsstudy.com/functions-of-database-management-system-dbms/
• https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/the-function-of-a-database-is/
• https://www.cprime.com/resources/blog/hardware-vs-software-development-similarities-and-
differences/
• https://wikieducator.org/%5CRole_of_Computer_in_Education%5C