Presented at All Things Open 2023 Presented by Jamie Wright - Brilliant Fantastic Title: All Your Chat Belong To Ex: Building Bots in Elixir Abstract: There is another massive shift happening with how we interact with companies through software. Users feel comfortable naturally talking with their applications through chat bots. Chat is the next generation of the user interface. Companies like Slack, Facebook, WhatsApp, and WeChat have some of the most popular apps in the world and they are all betting on a messaging interface. Elixir is the perfect language and ecosystem for building bots and for conversational interfaces. In this session, we will see how we can build scalable, realtime web applications (or “bots”) using a new library Juvet and the Slack API. We will see what a good bot architecture looks like and how we can integrate with existing artificial intelligence services to make our bots smarter. Find more info about All Things Open: On the web: https://www.allthingsopen.org/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/AllThingsOpen LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/all-things-open/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/allthingsopen/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/AllThingsOpen Mastodon: https://mastodon.social/@allthingsopen Threads: https://www.threads.net/@allthingsopen 2023 conference: https://2023.allthingsopen.org/

1. Elixir
+
CHATBOTS
ALL YOUR CHAT BELONG TO EX

2. WELCOME
WELCOME
WELCOME

7. AND I
AM
A
BOT BUILDER™

11. Tatsu

12. Tatsu

13. ABriefIn
tr
o
CHATBOTS

14. A COMPUTER PROGRAM DESIGNED TO
SIMULATE A CONVERSATION WITH HUMAN
USERS
CHATBOT

15. USER PLATFORM APP
OPS CHANNEL
/HELP
OPS CHANNEL
HERE IS THE HELP
YOU REQUESTED:
{ CHANNEL: ‘C1234’,
USER: ‘U8324’,
TEAM: ‘T4390’,
MESSAGE: ‘/HELP’ }
CHAT.POST_MESSAGE(‘HERE IS THE HELP YOU REQUESTED:’)

16. USER PLATFORM APP
CLIENT SERVER

17. J
os
eph
WEIZENBAUM

20. Alan
TURING

21. ELIZA

22. SIRI
2
0
0
7

23. 2
0
0
1

26. RADIOHEAD
IS
ALWAYS
AHEAD OF THEIR TIME™

27. imp
or
tant?
CHATBOTS
Whyare

39. WHAT
OCCURRED
AT THAT
BASKETBALL GAME?

41. FAMILIAR

43. FAMILIAR

44. FAMILIAR LESS BARRIERS

45. MESSAGES SLACK
TEAMS FACEBOOK

46. BE WHERE YOUR USERS ARE

47. PLATFORM SPECIFIC
FUN STUFF
BUSINESS STUFF

48. MO’ MONEY

50. FUN
DEV CODE RUN BEEP-BOOP

51. builttoday?
CHATBOTS
Howare

52. HOW SLACK WORKS
A
P
P
D
I
R
E
C
T
O
R
Y

53. HOW SLACK WORKS
O
A
U
T
H
W
/
S
L
A
C
K

54. HOW SLACK WORKS
S
C
O
P
E
R
E
Q
U
E
S
T

55. HOW SLACK WORKS
N
E
W
B
O
T
U
S
E
R
!

56. USER PLATFORM APP
OPS CHANNEL
/HELP
HOW SLACK WORKS
{ CHANNEL: ‘C1234’,
USER: ‘U8324’,
TEAM: ‘T4390’,
MESSAGE: ‘/HELP’ }

57. JAVASCRIPT LIBRARIES

58. JAVASCRIPT LIBRARIES

59. WORKER THREADS
CPU PERFORMANCE
SINGLE-
THREADED
EVENT LOOP
UNHANDLED
EXCEPTIONS
NODE LIMITATIONS

61. Elixir?
Why

62. PROCESSES
PANACEA
CURES WHAT
ALES ‘YA
SPEED
HOT CODE
RELOADING
FAULT TOLERANCE

63. WHY ELIXIR?
BUILT FOR COMMUNICATION

64. WHY ELIXIR?
BUILT FOR COMMUNICATION
90%

65. WHY ELIXIR?
BUILT FOR COMMUNICATION

66. FAST
WHY ELIXIR?

67. WHY ELIXIR?
https://github.com/mroth/phoenix-showdown/blob/master/README.md#benchmarking

68. STATEFUL PROCESSES
WHY ELIXIR?

69. WHY ELIXIR?
PROCESS PROCESS PROCESS
SUPERVISOR

70. HOT CODE RELOADING
WHY ELIXIR?

71. WHY ELIXIR?
FAULT TOLERANT

72. WHY ELIXIR?
PROCESS PROCESS
SUPERVISOR
PROCESS

73. beimproved?
CHATBOTS
Howcanbuilding

74. PLUG
MIDDLEWARE
CONTEXT
ROUTER
CONTROLLER
TEMPLATES

76. JUVET/JUVET

82. NEXT.TATSU.IO

83. LEBOTSKI

85. LEBOTSKI
DISPENSARIES BOWLING ALLEYS
• COCKTAIL BARS
•

86. LEBOWSKI COMMANDS
/
B
E
V
E
R
A
G
E
-
H
E
R
E
-
M
A
N

87. LEBOTSKI
DISPENSARIES BOWLING ALLEYS
• COCKTAIL BARS
•

88. Aaron
DRAPLIN
DRAPLIN.COM

90. JWRIGHT/LEBOTSKI

91. DEMO
DEMO
DEMO

92. withJuvet?
CHATBOTS
Building

93. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
A
D
D
D
E
P
E
N
D
E
N
C
Y

94. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
A
D
D
E
X
T
R
A
A
P
P

95. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
S
U
P
E
R
V
I
S
I
O
N
T
R
E
E

96. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
S
U
P
E
R
V
I
S
I
O
N
T
R
E
E
NEW LEBOWSKI
APP FOR MY TEAM

97. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
C
O
N
F
I
G
U
R
E

98. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
B
O
T

99. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
R
O
U
T
E
R

100. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
A
D
D
P
L
U
G

101. PLUG
> LISTEN TO SPECIFIC ENDPOINTS
> INTEGRATE INTO EXISTING APP

102. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
A
D
D
C
O
M
M
A
N
D
R
O
U
T
E

103. ROUTER
> DSL TO DEFINE ROUTES
> FIND APPROPRIATE ROUTE
> MIDDLEWARE

104. ROUTER
F
I
N
D
I
N
G
R
O
U
T
E
S

105. ROUTER
F
I
N
D
I
N
G
R
O
U
T
E
S

106. MIDDLEWARE
> CHAIN RESPONSIBILITIES TOGETHER
> EXTENSION POINTS
> MODIFY CONTEXT
> COMMON RUNTIME ON EACH REQUEST

107. MIDDLEWARE
D
E
F
I
N
I
N
G
M
I
D
D
L
E
W
A
R
E

108. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
C
U
S
T
O
M
M
I
D
D
L
E
W
A
R
E

109. CONTEXT
> VARIABLES FOR USE IN CONTROLLER
> ONLY UPDATED IN MIDDLEWARE

110. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
R
O
U
T
E
R

111. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
C
O
N
T
R
O
L
L
E
R

112. CONTROLLER
> ACTION PER REQUEST
> PREPARE + SEND RESPONSE(S)

113. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
T
E
A
M
S
C
H
E
M
A

114. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
U
S
E
R
S
C
H
E
M
A

115. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
T
E
A
M
M
A
T
E
S
C
H
E
M
A

116. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
C
O
N
T
R
O
L
L
E
R

117. T
E
M
P
L
A
T
E

118. JUVET WALKTHROUGH
S
E
N
D
I
N
G
T
E
M
P
L
A
T
E

119. TEMPLATES
> PLATFORM INDEPENDENT
> SENT BACK AS A RESPONSE
> INTERLACE DATA

120. likeMVCApps
CHATBOTS
The
tr
adeo
ff
sonbuilding

121. ROUTING
A NICE
BLACK BOX
YOUR APP
ROUTER
CONTROLLERS
TEMPLATES
AUTHORIZATION
LOW-LEVEL API
PLATFORM LIBRARIES
HIDE THE PLUMBING

122. FAMILIAR PATTERN
MODEL
VIEW CONTROLLER
USER
SEES USES
MANIPULATES
UPDATES

123. EVERYTHING HAS A PLACE
TEMPLATES
CONTROLLERS
MODELS ROUTES
> BUSINESS LOGIC > HANDLES PLATFORM REQUESTS
> RUNS MIDDLEWARE
> PASSES CONTEXT
> CREATES CONTROLLER
> RUNS ACTION
> HANDLES REQUEST
> PREPARES RESPONSE
> RENDERS RESPONSE(S)
> RETRIEVE DATA
> UPDATE DATA
> INTEGRATES DATA
> PROVIDES RESPONSE

124. EXTENSION POINTS
USER
REQUEST
PLATFORM APP
ROUTER FINDS ROUTE
MIDDLEWARE IS RUN
CONTROLLER IS CREATED
ACTION IS CALLED
TEMPLATE IS RENDERED
RESPONSE IS SENT
USER
RESPONSE

125. OVERKILL FOR SIMPLE BROADCAST
PLATFORM
GITHUB
> CHAT.POSTMESSAGE

126. HARDER TO DEBUG
> (PHOENIX.ROUTER.NOROUTEERROR) NO ROUTE FOUND FOR POST /SLACK/ACTIONS (TATSUWEB.ROUTER)
> (TATSU 0.0.11) LIB/PHOENIX/ROUTER.EX:405: TATSUWEB.ROUTER.CALL/2
> (COWBOY 2.9.0) /TATSU_NEXT/DEPS/COWBOY/SRC/COWBOY_HANDLER.ERL:37: :COWBOY_HANDLER.EXECUTE/2
> (TATSU 0.0.11) LIB/TATSU_WEB/ENDPOINT.EX:1: TATSUWEB.ENDPOINT.PLUG_BUILDER_CALL/2
> …
> …
> …
> …
> …
> …
> …
C
A
L
L
S
T
A
C
K

127. Future
ENHANCEMENTS

128. DIALOGUE

129. DIALOGUE
R
U
B
Y

130. DIALOGUE
TATSUIO/DIALOGUE

131. ADDITIONAL PLATFORMS
TWILIO
TEAMS
DISCORD
SLACK
ALEXA
#01
#02
#03
#04

132. BETTER TEMPLATING
COMPONENTS PARTIALS SEPARATE PLATFORMS

133. IN-HOUSE AUTHENTICATION

134. GENERATORS

135. GENERATORS

136. BETTER ERROR MESSAGES
> (PHOENIX.ROUTER.NOROUTEERROR) NO ROUTE FOUND FOR POST /SLACK/ACTIONS (TATSUWEB.ROUTER)
> …
>…
> …
> …
> …
> …
> …
> ??? 💀😅
C
A
L
L
S
T
A
C
K

137. RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY
USER
CAN YOU
SCHEDULE
A MEETING?
APP
I SURE CAN.
WITH WHOM?
USER
WITH TIM.
APP
GOT IT. WHEN?
USER
TOMORROW AT 2.
APP
DONE.
I SCHEDULED A
MEETING WITH
TIM TOMORROW
AT 2.

138. RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY
CAN YOU SCHEDULE
A MEETING?
USER
CAN YOU SCHEDULE
A MEETING
WITH TIM
TOMORROW AT 2?
APP
DONE.
I SCHEDULED
YOUR MEETING
WITH TIM FOR
TOMORROW AT 2.
CAN YOU SCHEDULE
A MEETING?
USER
ACTUALLY CAN
YOU MAKE IT FOR 3?
APP
DONE.
I RE-SCHEDULED
IT FOR
TOMORROW AT 3.

139. RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY
DETECT PARAMETERS ALLOW CHANGE

140. DISCOVERABILITY
T
R
A
I
N
I
N
G
W
H
E
E
L
S
ARE YOU READY FOR
THE MEETING?
YOU CAN REPLY
WITH ‘Y’ES OR ’N’O.
APP USER
YES.
MEETING SCHEDULED!
DID YOU KNOW YOU
CAN REQUEST A RESCHEDULE
BY REPLYING
‘RE-SCHEDULE’?
APP

141. VALIDATION
ANDY WANTS TO MEET
WITH YOU TODAY AT 2.
APP
ARE YOU AVAILABLE?
USER
BLERG.

142. VALIDATION
I’M SORRY ‘BLERG’ IS
NOT AN ANSWER.
APP
ACKNOWLEDGE THE RESPONSE
1.
YOU CAN RESPOND ‘YES’
OR ‘NO’
APP
PROVIDE CORRECT OPTIONS
2.
ANDY WANTS TO MEET
WITH YOU TODAY AT 2.
APP
ARE YOU AVAILABLE?
RE-ASK THE QUESTION
3.

143. SELECTION
WHERE DO YOU WANT TO
MEET MACKENZIE
TONIGHT?
APP USER
1.
1. COFFEE SHOP
2. RESTAURANT
3. BAR
APP
O
P
T
I
O
N
R
E
D
U
C
T
I
O
N

144. SELECTION
OK. WHICH COFFEE
SHOP?
APP
O
P
T
I
O
N
R
E
D
U
C
T
I
O
N
1. CAFE JOE’S
2. STARBUCKS ON MAIN
3. PERKATORY
APP

145. RESPONSE SAMPLING
YES
APP
OK
APP
CORRECT
APP
WRONG
APP
NOPE
APP
LOOKS GOOD
APP
👍
APP
✌
APP
THAT’S WHAT SHE SAID
APP
COOL
APP

146. GO FORTH + CREATE BOTS

147. JUVET/JUVET

148. NEXT.TATSU.IO

149. SPEAKERDECK.COM/JWRIGHT/ATO2023

150. @JWRIGHT
JWRIGHT
JAMIE@BRILLIANTFANTASTIC.COM
STANDUP.FM

151. Q+A

152. @JWRIGHT
JWRIGHT
JAMIE@BRILLIANTFANTASTIC.COM
STANDUP.FM