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PASO 3 - PROFUNDIZAR Y CONTEXTUALIZAR EL CONOCIMIENTO DE LA
UNIDAD 2.
Fuente: (RAZONES TRIGONOMETRICAS, 2019)
En trigonometría existen ecuaciones llamadas identidades trigonométricas, y existen varias
clases que son:
• Identidades básicas: Tiene 7 categorías
• Identidades de suma y diferencia: Tiene 6 categorías
• Identidades de ángulo doble: Tiene 3 categorías
• Identidades de ángulo mitad: Tiene 3 categorías
También existen otra identidades:
• Identidades de Producto – Suma: Tiene 4 categorías
• Identidades de Suma – Producto: Tiene 4 categorías
Fuente: (Freepng.es, 2020)
Esta ecuación se origina a partir del teorema de Pitágoras.
𝑆𝑒𝑛2
(𝑥) + 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2
(𝑥) = 1
𝑇𝑎𝑛 (𝛼) =
𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼)
𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛼)
𝐶𝑜𝑡 (𝛼) =
𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛼)
𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼)
Estas se obtiene por la definición de las relaciones trigonométricas.
A partir de la definición se aplica el recíproco y se obtiene nuevos
cocientes.
𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) =
1
𝑆𝑒𝑐 (𝛼)
𝑆𝑒𝑐 (𝛼) =
1
𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼)
𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛼) =
1
𝐶𝑠𝑐 (𝛼)
𝐶𝑠𝑐 (𝛼) =
1
𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛼)
Recíproco
Recíproco
𝑇𝑎𝑛 (𝛼) =
1
𝐶𝑜𝑡 (𝛼)
𝐶𝑜𝑡 (𝛼) =
1
𝑇𝑎𝑛 (𝛼)
Recíproco
Se toma la identidad fundamental y las de cociente, para obtener las
identidades pitagóricas.
𝑇𝑎𝑛2
𝛼 + 1 = 𝑆𝑒𝑐2
(∝)
𝐶𝑜𝑡2
𝛼 + 1 = 𝐶𝑠𝑐2
(∝)
Estas funciones se originan de la simetría de las funciones
trigonométricas cuando se hizo referencia a las mismas.
𝐶𝑜𝑠 −𝛼 = Cos (∝)
Pares 𝑆𝑒𝑐 −𝛼 = 𝑆𝑒𝑐 (∝)
Impares 𝑆𝑒𝑛 −𝛼 = − 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (∝) 𝑇𝑎𝑛 −∝ = − 𝑇𝑎𝑛 (∝)
𝐶𝑠𝑐 −∝ = −𝐶𝑠𝑐 (∝)
𝐶𝑜𝑡 −∝ = − 𝐶𝑜𝑡 (∝)
Estas identidades se originan cuando a
𝜋
2
se le resta un
ángulo cualquiera.
𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝜋 − 𝛼 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (∝) 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝜋 + 𝛼 = − 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (∝)
𝐶𝑜𝑠
𝜋
2
− 𝛼 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛼)
𝑆𝑒𝑛
𝜋
2
− 𝛼 = 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼)
𝐶𝑜𝑡
𝜋
2
− 𝛼 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛 (𝛼)
𝑇𝑎𝑛
𝜋
2
− 𝛼 = 𝐶𝑜𝑡 (𝛼)
Estas identidades se originan cuando a 𝜋 se le suma o resta un
ángulo cualquiera, se obtiene la función con signo contrario.
𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝜋 − 𝛼 = −𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝜋 + 𝛼 = −𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼)
𝑇𝑎𝑛 𝜋 − 𝛼 = −𝑇𝑎𝑛 (𝛼)
𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ −𝛽 = 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛽 + 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛼 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛽)
𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝ +𝛽 = 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛽 − 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛼 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛽)
𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ +𝛽 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛼 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛽 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛽)
𝑇𝑎𝑛 ∝ +𝛽 =
𝑇𝑎𝑛 ∝ +𝑇𝑎𝑛 (𝛽)
1−𝑇𝑎𝑛 𝛼 𝑇𝑎𝑛(𝛽)
𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ −𝛽 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛼 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛽 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛽)
𝑇𝑎𝑛 ∝ −𝛽 =
𝑇𝑎𝑛 ∝ −𝑇𝑎𝑛 (𝛽)
1+𝑇𝑎𝑛 𝛼 𝑇𝑎𝑛(𝛽)
Determinar el valor de 𝑆𝑒𝑛
𝜋
12
Se descompone el ángulo:
𝜋
12
=
𝜋
4
−
𝜋
6
Al reemplazar quedaria:
𝑆𝑒𝑛
𝜋
12
= 𝑆𝑒𝑛
𝜋
4
−
𝜋
6
Al aplicar la identidad quedaría:
𝑆𝑒𝑛
𝜋
4
−
𝜋
6
= 𝑆𝑒𝑛
𝜋
4
𝐶𝑜𝑠
𝜋
6
− 𝐶𝑜𝑠
𝜋
4
𝑆𝑒𝑛
𝜋
6
=
2
2
∗
3
2
−
2
2
∗
1
2
Al operar quedaría: 𝑆𝑒𝑛
𝜋
4
−
𝜋
6
=
6
4
−
2
4
El resultado es: 𝑆𝑒𝑛
𝜋
12
=
6− 2
4
Ejemplo - Procedimiento
𝑆𝑒𝑛 2𝛽 = 2 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛽 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛽)
Cuando en la suma de ángulos los dos lados son iguales
𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 ∝ = 𝐶𝑜𝑠2
∝ − 𝑆𝑒𝑛2
(∝)
𝑇𝑎𝑛 2 ∝ =
2 𝑇𝑎𝑛 𝛼
1 − 𝑇𝑎𝑛2(𝛼)
𝑆𝑒𝑛
𝛼
2
= ±
1 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼)
2
𝑇𝑎𝑛
𝛼
2
=
𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛼
1 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼)
𝐶𝑜𝑠
𝛼
2
= ±
1 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼)
2
𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝ 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛽) =
1
2
𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ +𝛽 − 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (∝ −𝛽)
Son identidades que en ocasiones son necesarias:
𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛽) =
1
2
𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝ −𝛽 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (∝ +𝛽)
𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛽) =
1
2
𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ +𝛽 + 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (∝ −𝛽)
𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛽) =
1
2
𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝ +𝛽 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (∝ −𝛽)
Son identidades que en ocasiones son necesarias:
𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ + 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛽 = 2 𝑆𝑒𝑛
𝛼 + 𝛽
2
𝐶𝑜𝑠
𝛼 − 𝛽
2
𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ − 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛽 = 2𝐶𝑜𝑠
𝛼 + 𝛽
2
𝑆𝑒𝑛
𝛼 − 𝛽
2
𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝ + 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛽 = 2 𝐶𝑜𝑠
𝛼 + 𝛽
2
𝐶𝑜𝑠
𝛼 − 𝛽
2
𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝ − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛽 = −2 𝑆𝑒𝑛
𝛼 + 𝛽
2
𝑆𝑒𝑛
𝛼 − 𝛽
2
Obteniendo como resultado:
Empleamos las identidades básicas, donde 𝑇𝑎𝑛 𝑥 =
𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝑥)
𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝑥)
, reemplazamos:
𝑆𝑒𝑛3
(𝑥)
𝑇𝑎𝑛2 𝑥
=
𝑆𝑒𝑛2
𝑥 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝑥
𝑆𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥)
𝐶𝑜𝑠2 (𝑥)
Expresar como solo función de 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝑥) la siguiente fracción:
=
𝐶𝑜𝑠2
𝑥 𝑆𝑒𝑛2
𝑥 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝑥
𝑆𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥)
= 𝐶𝑜𝑠2
𝑥 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝑥
Multiplicamos los extremos y los medios, quedando:
= 𝐶𝑜𝑠2 𝑥 1 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥)
“Son identidades que satisfacen ángulos específicos, cuya solución se expresa en medidas de
ángulos, puede ser en grados o radianes”. (Eliécer & Duran, 2017)
Resolver: 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝑥 =
1
2
Se debe despejar el ángulo x, lo podemos hacer invirtiendo el 𝑆𝑒𝑛 , quedando de esta manera:
𝑥 = sin−1
1
2
Se debe definir en donde el seno equivale a
1
2
positivo.
La solución seria:
x = 30° 𝑦 150°
“Para un triángulo con lados a, b, c y ángulos opuestos A, B, C. respectivamente, se cumple:”.
(Eliécer & Duran, 2017)
Fuente: (Eliécer & Duran, 2017)
𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐴)
𝑎
=
𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐵)
𝑏
=
𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐶)
𝑐
Ecuación:
Para el triángulo que se presenta en la gráfica, hallar
todos los lados y ángulos de la misma 𝐴 = 40°
Fuente: (Eliécer & Duran, 2017)
𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐴)
𝑎
=
𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐵)
𝑏
Usamos el teorema el seno:
Reemplazamos: 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (40°)
3
=
𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐵)
2
Despejamos 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐵) : 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝐵 =
2 ∗ 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (40°)
3
Desarrollamos: 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝐵 = 0,4284
Para hallar el ángulo buscamos: sin−1 0,4284
El resultado es:
Por medio del teorema de suma de ángulos para un
triangulo calculamos el ángulo C:
A + B + C = 180°
C = 180° - B - A
Despejamos el ángulo C:
Reemplazamos los valores:
C = 180° − 25,36° − 40°
C = 114,64°
Hallamos el lado c: 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐶)
𝑐
=
𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐴)
𝑎
Reemplazamos: 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (114,64°)
𝑐
=
𝑆𝑒𝑛 (40°)
3
Despejamos c : 𝑐 =
3 ∗ 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (114,64°)
𝑆𝑒𝑛 (40°)
El ángulo es: 25,36°
𝑐 =
3 ∗ (0,9089)
𝑆𝑒𝑛 (40°0,6427
= 4,24
“Para un triángulo con lados a, b, c y ángulos opuestos A, B, C. respectivamente, se cumple:”
(Eliécer & Duran, 2017)
Ecuaciones:
Del triángulo expuesto a continuación,
determinar sus lados y ángulos.
Fuente: (Eliécer & Duran, 2017)
𝑎2
= 𝑏2
+ 𝑐2
− 2 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑐 ∗ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝐴
𝑏2
= 𝑎2
+ 𝑐2
− 2 ∗ 𝑎 ∗ 𝑐 ∗ 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝐵
𝑐2 = 𝑏2 + 𝑎2 − 2 ∗ 𝑎 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝐶
Usamos el teorema el coseno 𝑎 = 3, 𝑏 = 4:
Sacamos raíz cuadrada a ambos lados, para hallar c:
Ahora se halla el ángulo 𝛼:
Reemplazamos:
𝑐2 = 𝑏2 + 𝑎2 − 2 ∗ 𝑎 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝐶
𝑐2
= 32
+ 42
− 2 ∗ 3 ∗ 4 ∗ 𝐶𝑜𝑠(50°)
𝑐2
= 9 + 16 − 24 ∗ 𝐶𝑜𝑠(50°)
𝑐2
= 25 − 15,426
𝑐2 = 9,574
Reemplazamos:
𝑐 = 3,09
𝑎2
= 𝑏2
+ 𝑐2
− 2 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑐 ∗ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼)
Despejamos 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) :
𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) =
𝑎2 − 𝑏2 − 𝑐2
−2 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑐
𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) =
32 − 42 − (3,09)2
−2 ∗ (4) ∗ (3,09)
𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼 =
−16,57
−24,72
= 0,670
Para hallar el ángulo buscamos: cos−1
(0,670)
El ángulo es: 47,93°
Por medio del teorema de suma de ángulos para un triangulo
calculamos el ángulo 𝛽:
𝛽 = 180° − (50° + 47,93°)
𝛽 = 180° − 97,93° 𝛽 = 82,07°
Eliécer, J., & Duran, R. (2017). MÓDULO ÁLGEBRA, TRIGONOMETRÍA Y GEOMETRÍA ANALÍTICA UNIVERSIDAD
NACIONAL ABIERTA YA DISTANCIA - UNAD - ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS BÁSICAS, TECNOLOGÍA E INGENIERÍA UNIDAD DE
CIENCIAS BÁSICAS.
https://repository.unad.edu.co/bitstream/handle/10596/11583/Modulo_Algebra_Trigonometria_y_Geometria_Analitica_2017.pdf?sequence=
1&isAllowed=y
Maestro, estudiante, maestro de educación imagen png - imagen transparente descarga gratuita. (2020). retrieved september 10, 2021,
from freepng.es website: https://www.freepng.es/png-8iiy73/
RAZONES TRIGONOMETRICAS. (2019, June 9). Matemáticas Para Otakus Con Vida Social :V; Matemáticas para otakus con vida
social :v. http://mate1ticas.over-blog.com/2019/06/razones-trigonometricas.html

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Unidad 2 paso 3

  • 1. PASO 3 - PROFUNDIZAR Y CONTEXTUALIZAR EL CONOCIMIENTO DE LA UNIDAD 2. Fuente: (RAZONES TRIGONOMETRICAS, 2019)
  • 2. En trigonometría existen ecuaciones llamadas identidades trigonométricas, y existen varias clases que son: • Identidades básicas: Tiene 7 categorías • Identidades de suma y diferencia: Tiene 6 categorías • Identidades de ángulo doble: Tiene 3 categorías • Identidades de ángulo mitad: Tiene 3 categorías También existen otra identidades: • Identidades de Producto – Suma: Tiene 4 categorías • Identidades de Suma – Producto: Tiene 4 categorías Fuente: (Freepng.es, 2020)
  • 3. Esta ecuación se origina a partir del teorema de Pitágoras. 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥) + 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥) = 1 𝑇𝑎𝑛 (𝛼) = 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛼) 𝐶𝑜𝑡 (𝛼) = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛼) 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) Estas se obtiene por la definición de las relaciones trigonométricas.
  • 4. A partir de la definición se aplica el recíproco y se obtiene nuevos cocientes. 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) = 1 𝑆𝑒𝑐 (𝛼) 𝑆𝑒𝑐 (𝛼) = 1 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛼) = 1 𝐶𝑠𝑐 (𝛼) 𝐶𝑠𝑐 (𝛼) = 1 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛼) Recíproco Recíproco 𝑇𝑎𝑛 (𝛼) = 1 𝐶𝑜𝑡 (𝛼) 𝐶𝑜𝑡 (𝛼) = 1 𝑇𝑎𝑛 (𝛼) Recíproco
  • 5. Se toma la identidad fundamental y las de cociente, para obtener las identidades pitagóricas. 𝑇𝑎𝑛2 𝛼 + 1 = 𝑆𝑒𝑐2 (∝) 𝐶𝑜𝑡2 𝛼 + 1 = 𝐶𝑠𝑐2 (∝) Estas funciones se originan de la simetría de las funciones trigonométricas cuando se hizo referencia a las mismas. 𝐶𝑜𝑠 −𝛼 = Cos (∝) Pares 𝑆𝑒𝑐 −𝛼 = 𝑆𝑒𝑐 (∝) Impares 𝑆𝑒𝑛 −𝛼 = − 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (∝) 𝑇𝑎𝑛 −∝ = − 𝑇𝑎𝑛 (∝) 𝐶𝑠𝑐 −∝ = −𝐶𝑠𝑐 (∝) 𝐶𝑜𝑡 −∝ = − 𝐶𝑜𝑡 (∝)
  • 6. Estas identidades se originan cuando a 𝜋 2 se le resta un ángulo cualquiera. 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝜋 − 𝛼 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (∝) 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝜋 + 𝛼 = − 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (∝) 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝜋 2 − 𝛼 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛼) 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝜋 2 − 𝛼 = 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) 𝐶𝑜𝑡 𝜋 2 − 𝛼 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛 (𝛼) 𝑇𝑎𝑛 𝜋 2 − 𝛼 = 𝐶𝑜𝑡 (𝛼) Estas identidades se originan cuando a 𝜋 se le suma o resta un ángulo cualquiera, se obtiene la función con signo contrario. 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝜋 − 𝛼 = −𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝜋 + 𝛼 = −𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) 𝑇𝑎𝑛 𝜋 − 𝛼 = −𝑇𝑎𝑛 (𝛼)
  • 7. 𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ −𝛽 = 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛽 + 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛼 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛽) 𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝ +𝛽 = 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛽 − 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛼 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛽) 𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ +𝛽 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛼 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛽 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛽) 𝑇𝑎𝑛 ∝ +𝛽 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛 ∝ +𝑇𝑎𝑛 (𝛽) 1−𝑇𝑎𝑛 𝛼 𝑇𝑎𝑛(𝛽) 𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ −𝛽 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛼 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛽 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛽) 𝑇𝑎𝑛 ∝ −𝛽 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛 ∝ −𝑇𝑎𝑛 (𝛽) 1+𝑇𝑎𝑛 𝛼 𝑇𝑎𝑛(𝛽) Determinar el valor de 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝜋 12 Se descompone el ángulo: 𝜋 12 = 𝜋 4 − 𝜋 6 Al reemplazar quedaria: 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝜋 12 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝜋 4 − 𝜋 6 Al aplicar la identidad quedaría: 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝜋 4 − 𝜋 6 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝜋 4 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝜋 6 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝜋 4 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝜋 6 = 2 2 ∗ 3 2 − 2 2 ∗ 1 2 Al operar quedaría: 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝜋 4 − 𝜋 6 = 6 4 − 2 4 El resultado es: 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝜋 12 = 6− 2 4 Ejemplo - Procedimiento
  • 8. 𝑆𝑒𝑛 2𝛽 = 2 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛽 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛽) Cuando en la suma de ángulos los dos lados son iguales 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 ∝ = 𝐶𝑜𝑠2 ∝ − 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 (∝) 𝑇𝑎𝑛 2 ∝ = 2 𝑇𝑎𝑛 𝛼 1 − 𝑇𝑎𝑛2(𝛼) 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛼 2 = ± 1 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) 2 𝑇𝑎𝑛 𝛼 2 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛼 1 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼 2 = ± 1 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) 2
  • 9. 𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝ 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛽) = 1 2 𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ +𝛽 − 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (∝ −𝛽) Son identidades que en ocasiones son necesarias: 𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝛽) = 1 2 𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝ −𝛽 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (∝ +𝛽) 𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛽) = 1 2 𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ +𝛽 + 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (∝ −𝛽) 𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛽) = 1 2 𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝ +𝛽 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (∝ −𝛽) Son identidades que en ocasiones son necesarias: 𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ + 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛽 = 2 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛼 + 𝛽 2 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼 − 𝛽 2 𝑆𝑒𝑛 ∝ − 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛽 = 2𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼 + 𝛽 2 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛼 − 𝛽 2 𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝ + 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛽 = 2 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼 + 𝛽 2 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼 − 𝛽 2 𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝ − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛽 = −2 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛼 + 𝛽 2 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝛼 − 𝛽 2
  • 10. Obteniendo como resultado: Empleamos las identidades básicas, donde 𝑇𝑎𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝑥) 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝑥) , reemplazamos: 𝑆𝑒𝑛3 (𝑥) 𝑇𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 𝑥 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝑥 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥) 𝐶𝑜𝑠2 (𝑥) Expresar como solo función de 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝑥) la siguiente fracción: = 𝐶𝑜𝑠2 𝑥 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 𝑥 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝑥 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥) = 𝐶𝑜𝑠2 𝑥 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝑥 Multiplicamos los extremos y los medios, quedando: = 𝐶𝑜𝑠2 𝑥 1 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥)
  • 11. “Son identidades que satisfacen ángulos específicos, cuya solución se expresa en medidas de ángulos, puede ser en grados o radianes”. (Eliécer & Duran, 2017) Resolver: 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 1 2 Se debe despejar el ángulo x, lo podemos hacer invirtiendo el 𝑆𝑒𝑛 , quedando de esta manera: 𝑥 = sin−1 1 2 Se debe definir en donde el seno equivale a 1 2 positivo. La solución seria: x = 30° 𝑦 150°
  • 12. “Para un triángulo con lados a, b, c y ángulos opuestos A, B, C. respectivamente, se cumple:”. (Eliécer & Duran, 2017) Fuente: (Eliécer & Duran, 2017) 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐴) 𝑎 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐵) 𝑏 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐶) 𝑐 Ecuación: Para el triángulo que se presenta en la gráfica, hallar todos los lados y ángulos de la misma 𝐴 = 40° Fuente: (Eliécer & Duran, 2017)
  • 13. 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐴) 𝑎 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐵) 𝑏 Usamos el teorema el seno: Reemplazamos: 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (40°) 3 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐵) 2 Despejamos 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐵) : 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝐵 = 2 ∗ 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (40°) 3 Desarrollamos: 𝑆𝑒𝑛 𝐵 = 0,4284 Para hallar el ángulo buscamos: sin−1 0,4284 El resultado es: Por medio del teorema de suma de ángulos para un triangulo calculamos el ángulo C: A + B + C = 180° C = 180° - B - A Despejamos el ángulo C: Reemplazamos los valores: C = 180° − 25,36° − 40° C = 114,64° Hallamos el lado c: 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐶) 𝑐 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (𝐴) 𝑎 Reemplazamos: 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (114,64°) 𝑐 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (40°) 3 Despejamos c : 𝑐 = 3 ∗ 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (114,64°) 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (40°) El ángulo es: 25,36° 𝑐 = 3 ∗ (0,9089) 𝑆𝑒𝑛 (40°0,6427 = 4,24
  • 14. “Para un triángulo con lados a, b, c y ángulos opuestos A, B, C. respectivamente, se cumple:” (Eliécer & Duran, 2017) Ecuaciones: Del triángulo expuesto a continuación, determinar sus lados y ángulos. Fuente: (Eliécer & Duran, 2017) 𝑎2 = 𝑏2 + 𝑐2 − 2 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑐 ∗ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝐴 𝑏2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑐2 − 2 ∗ 𝑎 ∗ 𝑐 ∗ 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝐵 𝑐2 = 𝑏2 + 𝑎2 − 2 ∗ 𝑎 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝐶
  • 15. Usamos el teorema el coseno 𝑎 = 3, 𝑏 = 4: Sacamos raíz cuadrada a ambos lados, para hallar c: Ahora se halla el ángulo 𝛼: Reemplazamos: 𝑐2 = 𝑏2 + 𝑎2 − 2 ∗ 𝑎 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝐶 𝑐2 = 32 + 42 − 2 ∗ 3 ∗ 4 ∗ 𝐶𝑜𝑠(50°) 𝑐2 = 9 + 16 − 24 ∗ 𝐶𝑜𝑠(50°) 𝑐2 = 25 − 15,426 𝑐2 = 9,574 Reemplazamos: 𝑐 = 3,09 𝑎2 = 𝑏2 + 𝑐2 − 2 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑐 ∗ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) Despejamos 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) : 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) = 𝑎2 − 𝑏2 − 𝑐2 −2 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑐 𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝛼) = 32 − 42 − (3,09)2 −2 ∗ (4) ∗ (3,09) 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼 = −16,57 −24,72 = 0,670 Para hallar el ángulo buscamos: cos−1 (0,670) El ángulo es: 47,93° Por medio del teorema de suma de ángulos para un triangulo calculamos el ángulo 𝛽: 𝛽 = 180° − (50° + 47,93°) 𝛽 = 180° − 97,93° 𝛽 = 82,07°
  • 16.
  • 17. Eliécer, J., & Duran, R. (2017). MÓDULO ÁLGEBRA, TRIGONOMETRÍA Y GEOMETRÍA ANALÍTICA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA YA DISTANCIA - UNAD - ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS BÁSICAS, TECNOLOGÍA E INGENIERÍA UNIDAD DE CIENCIAS BÁSICAS. https://repository.unad.edu.co/bitstream/handle/10596/11583/Modulo_Algebra_Trigonometria_y_Geometria_Analitica_2017.pdf?sequence= 1&isAllowed=y Maestro, estudiante, maestro de educación imagen png - imagen transparente descarga gratuita. (2020). retrieved september 10, 2021, from freepng.es website: https://www.freepng.es/png-8iiy73/ RAZONES TRIGONOMETRICAS. (2019, June 9). Matemáticas Para Otakus Con Vida Social :V; Matemáticas para otakus con vida social :v. http://mate1ticas.over-blog.com/2019/06/razones-trigonometricas.html