This document discusses molecular markers and their applications in plant breeding. It defines molecular markers as DNA-based markers that are polymorphic, independent of environmental factors, and easy to use. The document outlines two main types of molecular marker techniques: hybridization-based methods like RFLP and PCR-based methods like RAPD and AFLP. It also discusses how molecular markers can be used for marker-assisted selection, genetic diversity analysis, genetic mapping, and authentication or fingerprinting in plant breeding programs.

1. Term paper presentation on: Molecular markers: Applications in Plant Breeding For the Course Plant Breeding(PLPB.512) By Alemu Abate HARAMAYA UNIVERSITY May, 2011 HARAMAYA

7. Table 1. Summary of advantages and disadvantages of some commonly used markers (Kumar et al. , 2009).

8. Table 2: Comparsion between different molecular methods for plant genome analysis (Sharma et al ., 2008).

9. Table 3. Comparison of the most common used markers (Kumar et al. , 2009).

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