Done by Al-Thabat group at Al Eiman independent secondary school for girls, under supervision from Al-Bairaq

1. AL-Bairaq
I am Discovering Materials 13th cycle
Composite
Al-thabat
Sharifa Aldosari Aisha Albuainain
Nouf Alansari Manasik Alsediq

2. Outline
Introduction
Activity 1: Testing Different kinds of
Ice
Activity 2: Hunting for Composite
Materials.
Activity 3: Exploring the Difference
Between Strength and Stiffness.
Activity 4: Testing a Foam Composite
for Strength and Stiffness.
Design Project: Designing a Fishing
Pole
Product Idea

3. • A composite material is made by combining two or
more materials – often ones that have very
different properties. The two materials work
together to give the composite unique properties
• Examples:
• reinforced concrete:
• mixture of cement-gravel-sand-water-steel.
• very strong- , durability and excellent thermal mass
(material for building).
• fiber glass:
• sio2 ,na2co3 and cac03
• good insulators, (make protective apparel for
astronauts and firefighters).
introduction

4. Activities 1: Testing Different kinds
of Ice.
•first we took three samples container and
marked each one with a letter(A-B-C)
At the end we put all the samples in the freezer for up
to 10 hours.
(sample A)
only water
(sample B)
blended tissue paper +water
(sample C)
blended tissue paper + water
+ other materials such
as(cork-cotton)

5. •After taking out the samples from the freezer we tried to
throw the samples from the same Hight to examine it
strength.
•Results: we can clearly see that sample c is the strongest
because it contained more than one material which
developed a very strong result.
samples Times of throwing Number of broken
picas
Sample A 1 5
Sample B 4 2
Sample C 6 none
Activities 1: Testing Different kinds of
Ice

6. Activities 2: Hunting for
Composite Materials.
• Composite materials are widely
used in the Aircraft Industry and
have allowed engineers to
overcome obstacles that
includes using the materials
individually.
• The constituent materials retain
their identities in the composites
and do not otherwise merge
completely into each other.
Together, the materials create a
'hybrid' material that has
improved structural properties.
Common composite materials
used on airplanes include
fiberglass, carbon fiber, and
fiber-reinforced matrix systems
or any combination of any of
these.

7. Activities 2: Hunting for
Composite Materials.
Weight reduction is the single greatest
advantage of composite material usage and
is the key factor in using it in aircraft
structure. Fiber-reinforced matrix systems
are stronger than traditional aluminum
found on most aircraft, and they provide a
smooth surface and increase fuel efficiency,
which is a huge benefit.
Also, composite materials don't corrode as
easily as other types of structures. They
don't crack from metal fatigue and they
hold up well in structural flexing
environments. Composite designs also last
longer than aluminum, which means fewer
maintenance and repair costs.

8. Activities 3: Exploring the Difference
Between Strength and Stiffness.
Strength: The property of materials by which
they endure the application of force without
yielding or breaking.
Stiffness: rigid or firm; difficult or impossible to
bend or flex.
First We took different materials such as:
(Steel rod -Nylon rod-Pasta-Wood rod-Plastic
rod)
And we test the strength and stiffness for every
material.

9. Activities 3: Exploring the Difference
Between Strength and Stiffness.
Ranking strength stiffness
1 Steel rod Nylon rod
2 Nylon rod Plastic rod
3 Plastic rod pasta
4 Wood rod Wood rod
5 pasta Steel rod
Results:

10. Activities 4: Testing a Foam Composite
for Strength and Stiffness.
• This experiment was about testing the
strength and stiffness of 3 samples of
cork
• Sample(A)cork only
• Sample(B)cork with tape on top
• Sample(C)cork with tape on top and
bottom
• And then we affected on them with
different weight each time
• .meanwhile using a ruler to help us
locate the distance of the cork after
the weight was applied.

11. Activities 4: Testing a
Foam Composite for
Strength and
Stiffness.
•sample (A) was the weakest
because it broke so quickly unlike
sample(B) which just got bent .
•Results:
•sample(C) is the only sample that
didn’t loose it shape because of
how putting the tape on top and
bottom created a support that
build a strength and stiffness to
the material.

12. Design Project: Designing a
Fishing Pole
Materials:
2 straws
Gauze
Tape
Bendable metal wire
Steps:
-First, we stick 2 straws using the tape.
-then, we added the bendable meatal
wires
by rolling it around the straws.
-After that, we placed the gauze around it.
Finally, we taped it once again to make it
more stronger.

13. Design Project: Designing a
Fishing Pole
• While we were designing the
fishing pole we made sure that it is
going to be:
• -Light Weight
• -Strong
• - Flexible
• And by adding different kind of
materials we tried to produce the
best product in order to achieve all
our goals.

14. Why did we
choose this
project?
•Through time we have found out that
the car steering wheel start to become
old and easy to crack, in addition to
that ,the weather is often hot in Qatar
so the sunlight can easily breakthrough
and damage the steering wheel which
can make it unusable. Nowadays you
see that people have already started on
making steering wheel covers that can
protect it but after putting those covers
into the test we can still clearly notice
that it is not doing it’s job as it should.
Unti-crack heat resistant steering wheels

15. What is our project idea?
•After testing how covers failed to do there
job we find the best is to invent a cover that
includes many materials each one has its
own properties. What is special about it is
that it is not like any other cover because
our materials have specific properties to
protect the wheel for a much longer time
than the typical covers, we even came to
realize that drivers can get annoyed,
discomfort or even experience to get
burned by touching the hot wheel therefor
our project can actually make the cover
cooler by adding materials that can insulate
and reflect any heat.
-Unti-crack heat resistant steering wheels

16. What are the materials?
Unti-crack heat resistant steering wheels.
materials What dose it do? photo
Plastic rubber It is a primary object of the present invention to
provide a resilient or flexible steering wheel
which has rigid skeleton or framework covered
with flexible material.
Glass fiber It is stronger than many metals by weight
and can be molded into complex shapes
Styrofoam Dose a good job of keeping things cold
because the material is a poor conductor
of heat and it has millions of tiny air
bubbles that slow the progress of heat
through the material
Minor wool fabric It is a soft thick fabric that can make the
perfect layer at the end of the cover.
Cooling gel pad acts s a thermally insulating pad

17. We had chosen
different materials
each one has it’s
special property, we
are going to add many
layers each one with
different material to
support the steering
wheel and not Couse
any harm
Styrofoam
fiberglass
Plastic
rubber
Cooling gel
pad
Minor wool
fabric
What is the method used?
Unti-crack heat resistant steering wheels

18. What are
the
benefits?
1
Cool the
driver hands
on hot
weather.
2
People can
spend their
money on a
guaranteed
and long
lasting
products.
3
Even with the
low price of
our product it
can make a
difference in
the income
because of
how
essential and
expanded it
will be.
4
The driver
will feel
comfortable
while driving.
5
People will
avoid getting
hurt like
burning.
-Unti-crack heat resistant steering wheels

19. Recommendations:
-we recommend that
you sell it in all
cars companies
also recommend
to use it in all the
different types of
cars, and we hope
that people
improve and
develop our
product by more
research and tests.
-Unti-crack heat resistant
steering wheels

20. Conclusions
In conclusion, participating in AL –Bairaq was a
great journey full of knowledge . we
learned a about team work and how to do
the right researches in addition to that we
learned about composite materials and
much more. therefor it was a great
experience that hopefully we can repeat.

21. Acknowledgment
Many thanks to AL-Bairaq team from
Center for Advanced Materials (CAM),
Qatar University and our school for
supporting us during our journey with a AL-
Bairaq.
Also, we would like to thank the sponsors
UNESCO, Qatar National Commission, and
Shell.