General properties of virechana dravya

General knowledge of single
and compound Virechana
drugs
Dr. Akshay Shetty
Asst.Professor
Dept of Panchakarma
SSRAMCH Inchal

Contents
• Objectives
• General properties of Virechana drug
• Properties of Trivrita
• Preparation of Trivrita
• Properties of Aragvadha
• Preparation of Aragvadha
• Properties of Tilvaka
• Preparations of Tilvaka
7/8/2020 General properties of Virechana Dravya (Dr Akshay Shetty) 2

Cont…
• Properties of Sudha
• Preparations of Sudha
• Properties of Saptala & Shankini
• Preparations of Saptala & Shankini
• Properties of Danti & Dravanti
• Preparations of Danti & Dravanti
• Conclusion
• Summary
• References

Objectives
By the end of the presentation the students must be able to
1. Recall General properties of Virechana drug
2. State Properties of Trivrita
3. Formulate Preparation of Trivrita
4. State Properties of Aragvadha
5. Formulate Preparation of Aragvadha
6. State Properties of Tilvaka
7. Formulate Preparations of Tilvaka

Cont…
8. State Properties of Sudha
9. Formulate Preparations of Sudha
10. State Properties of Saptala & Shankini
11. Formulate Preparations of Saptala & Shankini
12. State Properties of Danti & Dravanti
13. Formulate Preparations of Danti & Dravanti

General properties of Virechana dravya
• Virechana dravya posses Ushna teekshna sukshma vyavyayi and vikasi gunas.
• Virechana dravya have adhobhaga hara Property due to Prithvi and Jala
mahabhootha.
• Though both Vamaka and Virechana dravya have similar properties but due to
prabhava (inhert property) they possess Urdhwa and Adho bhaga respectively
• In Kalpa Sthana, 355 formulations for therapeutic emesis and 245 formulations
for therapeutic purgatives, a total number of 600 formulations are formulated
by using 15 important herbs for the different likings of the persons, doshika
involvement and the specific disorders.
Ca.Ka

Trivrit
विरेचने त्रििृन्मूलं श्रेष्ठमाहुममनीविणः |तस्ाः सञ्ज्ञा गुणाः कमम
भेदः कल्पश्च िक्ष््ते ||३|| Ca Ka 7
• According to physicians who are knowledgeable and wise, the
root of Trivrita is considered the best among the
purgative drugs.
मूलं तु द्विविधं तस्ाः श््ामं चारुणमेि च |त्ोमुमख््तरं विद्धध
मूलं ्दरुणप्रभम् ||७|| Ca Ka 7
• Roots of the plant Trivrita are of two types. The one that is
shyama is more beneficial than the other Aruna.

Synonyms of trivrit
त्रिभण्डी त्रििृता चैि श््ामा कू टरणा तथा |
सिामनुभूततः सुिहा शबदैः प्ाम्िाचकै ः ||४||

Properties of trivrit
किा्ा मधुरा रूक्षा विपाके कटुका च सा |
कफवपत्तप्रशमनी रौक्ष््ाच्चातनलकोपनी ||५||
सेदानीमौिधै्ुमक्ता िातवपत्तकफापहैः |
कल्पिैशेष््मासाद्् सिमरोगहरा भिेत् ||६||

Trivrita leyam
वपप्पल ं नागरं क्षारं श््ामां त्रििृत्ा सह | लेह्ेन्मधुना साधं
श्लेष्मलानां विरेचनम ् ||२९||
• The powder of Trivrita (having pink roots) may be added
with powders of Pippali, Nagara, Kshara (an alkali
preparation) and Shyama (the variety having black roots).To
this mixed powder, honey may be added and can be taken
in, in the form of linctus for purgation for those having
kapha type of constitution or for those persons suffering
from disease due to the aggravation of kapha.

Kalyanak guda
विडङ्गवपप्पल मूलत्रिफलाधान््धचिकान् |
मररचेन्र्िाजाजीवपप्पल हस्सतवपप्पल ः ||४०||लिणान््जमोदां च चूर्णमतं
काविमकं पृथक् | ततलतैलत्रििृच्चूणमभागौ चाष्टपलोस्न्मतौ
||४१||धािीफलरसप्रसथांसिीन् गुडाधमतुलां तथा | पक््िा मृद्िस्ननना
खादेद्बदरोदुम्बरोपमान् ||४२||गुडान् कृ ्िा न चाि स्ाद्विहाराहार्न्िणा |
मन्दास्नन्िं ज्िरं मूच््ां मूिकृ च्रमरोचकम् ||४३||असिप्नं गािशूलं च कासं
श्िासं भ्रमं क्ष्म् | कु ष्ठाशमःकामलामेहगुल्मोदरभगन्दरान्
||४४||ग्रहणीपाण्डुरोगांश्च हन््ुः पुंसिनाश्च ते | कल््ाणका इतत ख््ाताः
सिेष्िृतुिु ्ौधगकाः ||४५||इतत कल््ाणकगुडः |४६|

Method of preparation
• Each one karsha (around 12 grams) of Vidanga, Pippalimula, Triphala,
Dhanyaka, Chitraka, Maricha, Indrayava, Ajaji Hasti pippali, Saindhava
lavana, Samudra lavana, Vida lavana, Sauvarchala lavana, Audbhida
lavana and Ajamoda are to be powdered separately and mixed
together. Then, each eight pala (around 320 grams) of sesame oil and
powdered root of Trivrita are added. Then, three prasthas (around 2.20
litres) juice of Amalaki and half a tula of jaggery are added to the entire
material and cooked over mild fire. (When, it is completely cooked),
round pills (Guda) of the size of Badara or Udumbara are made from the
compound. While taking in these pills, there is no need of restrictions of
food or any other regimen.

Trivrita choorna
• त्र््ूिणं त्रिफला हहङ्गु काविमकं त्रििृतापलम् |
सौिचमलाधमकिं च पलाधं चाम्लिेतसात्
||६३||तच्चूणं शकम रातुल््ं मद््ेनाम्लेन िा
वपबेत् | गुल्मपाश्िामततमनुस््सद्धं जीणे
चाद््ारसौदनम ् ||६४||

Total number of trivrita preparations
एकोऽम्लाहदभभरष्टौ च दश द्िौ सैन्धिाहदभभः | मूिेऽष्टादश ्ष्ट्ां द्िौ
जीिकादौ चतुदमश ||७७||क्षीरादौ सप्त लेहेऽष्टौ च्िारः भसत्ाऽवप च |
पानकाहदिु पञ्ज्चैि िडृतौ पञ्ज्च मोदकाः ||७८||च्िारश्च घृते क्षीरे द्िौ चूणे
तपमणे तथा |थ द्िौ मद््े कास्ञ्ज्जके द्िौ च दशान््े िाडिाहदिु
||७९||श््ामा्ास्सििृता्ाश्च कल्पेऽस्समन् समुदाहृतम ् | शतं दशोत्तरं भसद्धं
्ोगानां परमविमणा ||८०||

Chaturangula
• ज्िरहृरोगिातासृगुदाितामहदरोधगिु| राजिृक्षोऽधधकं पथ््ो
मृदुममधुरशीतलः||४||बाले िृद्धे क्षते क्षीणे सुकु मारे च मानिे| ्ोज््ो
मृद्िनपात््िाद्विशेिाच्चतुरङ्गुलः||५||
• Jwara (fever)Hridroga (cardiac ailments)Vatarakta (gouty arthritis
dominant of vata-pitta dosha) andUdavarta (upward movement of wind
in abdomen).Aragwadha is a drug of choice for Bala
(children),Vriddha(aged),Sukumara (delicate constitution)Urakshata
(injury to Chest),Kshina (debilitated).The reason for this is due to its
guna (attributes) and anapayitvata (harmlessness/safe)

Synonyms of Araghvada
आरनिधो राजिृक्षः शम्पाकश्चतुरङ्गुलः|
प्रग्रहः कृ तमालश्च कर्णमकारोऽिघातकः||३||

Total preparations of Araghavada
• राक्षारसे सुरासीध्िोदमस्ध्न चामलकीरसे| सौिीरके किा्े च त्रििृतो
त्रबल्िकस् च||१७||लेहेऽररष्टे घृते द्िे च ्ोगा द्िादश कीततमताः|
चतुरङ्गुलकल्पेऽस्समन ् सुकु माराः सुखोद्ाः||१८||

Synonyms of Tilvaka
ततल्िकसतु मतो लोध्रो बृह्पिस्सतर टकः|

Tilvaka choorna
• दधधतक्रसुरामण्डमूिैबमदरसीधुना | रसेनामलकानां िा ततः
पार्णतलं वपबेत्||६||
• Recipes of Tilvaka Preparation and intake Powdered
tilvaka/tilvaka churna One paanitala (12gms approximately)
with -Dadhi takra(whey) -Sura manda(supernatent part of
alcohol) -Cow’s urine -Badara seedhu (A type of drink
prepared of Jujube fruit) -Juice of amalaki (Emblica
officinalis)

Tilvaka avaleha
• चतुरङ्गुलकल्पेन लेहोऽन््ः का्म एि च||११||त्रिफला्ाः किा्ेण
ससवपमममधुफार्णतः| लोध्रचूणम्ुतः भसद्धो लेहः श्रेष्ठो
विरेचने||१२||ततल्िकस् किा्ेण कल्के न च सशकम रः| सघृतः साधधतो
लेहः स च श्रेष्ठो विरेचने||१३||
• Tilvaka Avalehaas per the prescribed format that has been told for the
preparation of chaturangula avaleha (which has been described in the
previous chapter) kashaya (decoction) of tilvaka is prepared which is
added with powder of trivrita (Operculina turpethum(L)Silva Manso.)
and jaggery. This is cooked over the mild fire.

Total preparations of Tilvaka
पञ्ज्च दध््ाहदभभस्िेका सुरा सौिीरके ण च| एकोऽररष्टसतथा ्ोग
एकः कस्म्पल्लके न च||१७||लेहासि्ो घृतेनावप च्िारः
सम्प्रकीततमताः| ्ोगासते लोध्रमूलानां कल्पे िोडश दभशमताः||१८||

Sudha(Snuhi)
• विरेचनानां सिेिां सुधा तीक्ष्णतमा मता|सङ्घातं हह भभनत्त््ाशु
दोिाणां कष्टविभ्रमा||३||तसमान्नैिा मृदौ कोष्ठे प्र्ोक्तव््ा
कदाचन|न दोितनच्े चाल्पे सतत मागमपररक्रमे ||४||
• Tikshnatama(strongest/drastic), among all purgative drugs snuhi is the
drastic purgative. It disintegrates the accumulated impurities
quickly.Limitations/contraindications:to person with mridukoshta (laxed
bowel).When there is less accumulation of doshas,Not preferably used
when other purgative drugs bring out the desired purgation.

Sudha bheda
• द्विविधः स मतोऽल्पैश्च बहुभभश्चैि कण्टकै ः||७||सुतीक्ष्णैः कण्टकै रल्पैः
प्रिरो बहुकण्टकः|स नाम्ना सनुनगुडा नन्दा सुधा तनस्सिंशपिकः||८||
• Snuhi is of two types:
• That which has numerous thorns and
• The other one being with less number of thorns.
• But, both have sharp thorns.
• One with numerous thorns is considered as the best among the two.

Geyha Virechana
• त्रििृतारनिधं दन्तीं शङ्र्खनीं सप्तलां समम्|गोमूिे रजनीं कृ ्िा
शोि्ेदातपे ततः||१५||सप्ताहं भाित््िैिं सनुक्क्षीरेणापरं पुनः|सप्ताहं
भाि्ेच््ु ष्कं ततसतेनावप भावितम्||१६||गन्धमाल््ं तदाघ्रा् प्रािृ््
पटमेि च|सुखमाशु विररच््न्ते मृदुकोष्ठा नराधधपाः||१७||

• Trivrita, aragwadha, danti, shankhini and saptala should be taken in
equal quantity and made into powder. This should be triturated with
cow’s urine in the night and dried in the sun. This process should be
repeated for seven days. This recipe should again be triturated with
milky latex of snuhi for seven days. Thus prepared churna should be
sprinkled on aromatic garland or water soaked with this powder is
impregnated on upper garment.Thus medicated garland/ upper garment
may be worn by person of royal descent or person who has laxed bowel.
By the smell of garland or of upper garment individual will get purgation
easily and quickly.

Total preparations of Sudha
• सौिीरकाहदभभः सप्त सवपमिा च रसेन च| पानकं घ्रे्लेहौ च ्ोगा
्ूिाहदभभसि्ः||२१||द्िौ शुष्कम्स्मांसाभ्ां सुरैका द्िे च सवपमिी|
महािृक्षस् ्ोगासते विंशततः समुदाहृताः||२२||

Saptala &Shankini
• Saptala and shankhini are described together, because of their botanical
similarity. Saptala or charmasahva has leathery and frothy appearance
due to the presence of latex. Shankhini is called tiktala also, because of
its bitter property (tikta rasa dravya) is good to pacify pitta by virechana
karma.

Synonyms
सप्तला चममसाह्िा च बहुफे नरसा च सा|
शङ्र्खनी ततक्तला चैि ्िततक्ताऽक्षक्ष(क्ष)पीडकः||३||

Total preparations
• किा्ा दश िट चैि िट तैलेऽष्टौ च सवपमवि|पञ्ज्च मद््े ि्ो लेहा ्ोगः
कस्म्पल्लके तथा||१८||सप्तलाशङ्र्खनीभ्ां ते त्रिंशदुक्ता निाधधकाः|्ोगाः
भसद्धाः समसताभ्ामेकशोऽवप च ते हहताः||१९||
• Sixteen preparations with decoctions, six in oil, eight in ghee, five in
fermented liquors, three as linctus and one with kampillaka thus total
thirty nine tested formulations of saptala & shankhini have been
described. They are useful in combination or separately.

Danti &Dravanti
वपप्पल मधुभलप्तातन सिेद्ेन्मृ्कु शान्तरे|शोि्ेदातपेऽनन््कौ हतो ह््ेिां
विकाभशताम्||५||
• These roots are smeared with the paste of pippali (Piper longum Linn.),
madhu (honey), wrapped with kusha ( Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf.)
coated with mud and baked. Roots are separated and dried under
sunlight. This process reduces the vikasi property of the drugs.

Synonyms of Danti
& Dravanti
दन्््ुदुम्बरपणी स्ास्न्नकु म्भोऽथ मुकू लकः|
रिन्ती नामतस्श्चिा न््ग्रोधी मूविकाह्ि्ा||३||

Effects
• तीक्ष्णोष्णान््ाशुकार र्ण विकाशीतन गुरूर्ण च|विला््स्न्त दोिौ द्िौ
मारुतं कोप्स्न्त च||६||
• The roots of these drugs possess properties like tikshna (sharply acting),
ushna (hot potency), guru(heavy to digest), vikasi, aashukari(quickly
acting) and liquifies and expels kapha and pitta, and aggravates vata
dosha.

Dantyadi Choorna
• दन्तीं रिन्तीं मररचं ्िानीमुपकु स्ञ्ज्चकाम्|नागरं हेमदुनधां च धचिकं चेतत
चूर्णमतम्||२३||सप्ताहं भाि्ेन्मूिे गिां पार्णतलं ततः|वपबे्घृतेन जीणे तु
विररक्तश्चावप तपमणम्||२४||सिमरोगहरं मुख््ं सिेष्िृतुिु ्ौधगकम्|चूणं
तदनपात््िाद्बालिृद्धेिु
पूस्जतम्||२५||दुभमक्ताजीणमपाश्िामततमगुल्मप्ल होदरेिु च|गण्डमालासु िाते च
पाण्डुरोगे च शस्ते||२६||

• Danti,Dravanti,Maricha,Yavani,Upakunchika,Nagara,Hemadugdha,Chitraka,
• These above eight drugs are taken in equal quantity, powdered and triturated with
cow’s urine for a week.
• One panitala (around one karsha-approximately 10 grams) of this powder can be used
with ghee for purgation.
• After purgation the tarpana (the drink which gives satiety) has to be given.
• This combination is safe for all the ages, in all the seasons and useful in all the
disorders.
• It is indicated in the durbhakta (irregular food habits), ajirna (indigestion), parshwarthi
(pain in the flanks), gulma (abdominal lump), plihodara(ascitis due to splenic disorder),
gandamala (inflammation of glands on neck), vata roga and pandu(anemia).

• (दध््ाहदिु ि्ः पञ्ज्च वप्र्ालाद््ैसि्ो रसे|सनेहेिु िै ि्ो लेह््ाः िट चूणे
्िेक एि च||३६||इक्षािेकसतथा मुद्गमांसानां च रसासि्ः|्िानिादौ
ि्श्चैि उक्त उ्काररकाविधौ||३७||एकश्च मोदके मद््े
चैकसत्क्िाथतैलके |चूणममेकं पुनश्चैको मोदकः पञ्ज्च चासिे||३८||एकः
सौिीरके ऽथैको ्ोगः स्ात्तु तुिोदके |एका सुरैकः कस्म्पल्ले तथा पञ्ज्च घृते
समृताः

Conclusion
• Trivrita is best among Virechana dravya Trivrita has the natural property
to aggravate vata and pacify pitta and kapha.
• But when prepared with vata pacifying drugs, it cures diseases caused
by vata.
• Similarly, when prepared with pitta and kapha pacifying drugs, it can be
capable of curing diseases caused by pitta, and kapha respectively. This
property of modulating the pharmacological action depending upon the
preparation is known as Samskarabhivartana;
• Ghruta or clarified butter is also said to possess the similar property.

Araghvadha is mrudhu virechaka Aragwadha is a drug of choice for
• Bala (children),
• Vriddha(aged),
• Sukumara (delicate constitution)
• Urakshata (injury to Chest),
• Kshina (debilitated).

Sudha is best among tikshna Virechana
• Snuhi can be used only when dosha accumulated is of large quantity
where other drugs may not be effective. Even then it has been advised
to use this drug carefully and is contraindicated in mridukoshtha.

Summary
1.Recall General properties of
Virechana drug
2.State Properties of Trivrita
3.Formulate Preparation of
Trivrita
1.State Properties of Aragvadha
2.Formulate Preparation of
Aragvadha
3.State Properties of Tilvaka
4.Formulate Preparations of
Tilvaka
8.State Properties of Sudha
Sudha
8.State Properties of Saptala &
Shankini
Saptala & Shankini
8.State Properties of Danti &
Dravanti
9.Formulate Preparations of Danti
& Dravanti

Reference
Charaka Samhita.

Thank you

General properties of virechana dravya

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