cultivation of gladiolus production technology of Gladiolus gladiolus ornamental crops

1. PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY FOR
ORNAMENTAL CROPS
AGRI2011
CAT-3
 SUBMITTED BY :
 AKSHAY CHOUDHARY 19SBAS2080050
 ARJUN SINGH 19SBAS2080060
 PRIYANKA 19SBAS2080109
 SIDDHARTH SIROHI 19SBAS2080037
SUBMITTED TO:
DR. VIVEK UJJWAL

2. Cultivation practicesof Gladiolus
(Gladiolus spp)
Y-

3. INTRODUCTION
 Gladiolus belongs tothe family Iridaceae.
 The name gladiolus was originated from the latin word gladius,
meaning a sword, on accountof the sword-likeshape of the foliage.
 The common name of gladiolus is ‘sword lily’ because of its sword-
shaped foliage.
 Gladiolus is popularly known as green of bulbous ornamental plants
and is nativeto mediterranean region & tropical South Asia.
 Gladiolus are grown in all parts of the world. In temperate countries the
most important period is summer, in tropical and subtropical climate
,it is grown in winterand spring.

4. IMPORTANCE:
 Gladiolus is a very popular flowering plant in international cut flower
trade.
 Its magnificent inflorescence with a variety of colours has made it
attractive for use in herbaceous borders, beddings, pots and for
cutflowers.
 For cutflowers, primulinus types are better as more spikes often come
out fromacorm and they may be planted in isolated borders.
 Grandiflorus and primulinus types look very attractive in mixed flower
borders , but primulinus types are preferred as these do not need
staking, and so, arealsogood for bedding.

5. Varieties
most promising varieties of gladiolus
The
are....
American
(yellow) , Peterpears
Beauty( Red), Friendship (pink), Novalux
(orange), Pricilla ( white & light
pink), Spic & Span (orange ), Oscar (red), White Prosperity
(white), Her Majesty ( purple) ,Red candyman ( rani
colour) , Dhannawanti (purple), Sunny Boy (purple).

6. Propagation
 Commercially gladiolus is vegetatively
propagated throughcorm and cormels.
 For cutflower production gladiolus is
propagated by corms however for generation
of the planting materials it is propagated by
cormels. Gladiolus Corm
 Gladiolus is propagated by corms of at least
4-5 cm diameter.
 Itshould be healthyand disease free.
 Conical shaped corms preferred over
f lat oneas itgives betterflowers.
Gladiolus Cormels

7. SOIL AND CLIMATE
SOIL:
 Gladiolus can be grown wide range of soils from a light sandy to a clay
loam but deep, well drained, friable, rich in organic matter and
nutrientsare preferable.
 For best result they require a slightly acidic soil of ph 5.5 to 6.5 where
mostof the nutrients becomeavailable toplants.
 Liu et al (1998) found that cormel germination was suprresed when
soil ph more than 7.8.

8. CLIMATE:
For successful cultivation of this crop, mid climate is ideal
while very hot and too cold atmospheric conditions are
harmful.
 The day temperature should range between 15 ⁰ and 20 ⁰ C.
Temperature falling below 6 ⁰C may cause frost injury to
the plant.
 At the time of planting, the soil temperature should not be
less than 10 ⁰C.

9. Time of planting and spacing
 Under North Indian condition the gladiolus is planted in the
monthof oct- nov.
 For flower production and for any corm sizes a spacing of 30-45
cm from row to row and 15-20 cm corm to corm is maintained.
Depending upon the soil condition & size of the corm the
spacing mayvary.
 The corm should not be planted toodip nor too shallow.
 Thedepth of planting should be 2-5 cm from theground level.
 Croms are to be planted in staggard manner at an interval of 7-15
days togetcontinuous flower fora long period .

10.  Nutritional Requirements:
5 kg of FYM/ square metre should be will incorporated at
the time of land preparation. NPK@ 1:2:2 should be
applied 56 gm/ square metre. Half of these nitrogen in the
entire dose of P and K should be applied at the time of
land preparation. The remaining half N should be applied
30-35 days after planting because at that stage the plant
use to produce the spike.

11. Intercultureoperation
Irrigation:
 The frequency of irrigation depends largely on the type of soil
and prevailing weatherconditions.
 During warm weather, watering should be done twice a week
sufficiently towet the roots.
 Mulching:
 Mulching is important for conserving the moisture and reducing
theweed populations.
 Its effectiveness is depends on the type of materials and
thicknessof mulch used

12. Diseases and Pests management
Diseases:
Fusarium rotand yellow: Commonly known as ‘vascular
disease’, ‘dry rot’ or ‘core rot’ is caused by Fusarium spp.
Roots mayshowdiscrete brown lesionsora general rotting,
leaf infection is basal and associated with corm rot. Leaf
yellowing starting with oldest leaves.
Control Measures:
1.Treat thecorms bydipping in carbendazim
(1 g/L water) orcaptan (2 g/L water) for
60minutes after harvesting and before
storage.
2. Usedisease freecorm stock

13. Pest:
1.Thrips : Thripsaresmall insects and are normally
notvisible naked eye. They feed on leaves, spikes and
the florets. Silverand brownstick are noticed on the
affected leaves.
This insectcan becontrolled with malathion
0.1% spray.
2.Aphids: Aphid suck the sap from tender leaves and
emerging spikes aswell as florets.
Thiscan be controlled byspraying with
monocrotophos at 0.05% can effectively controlled.

14. Harvesting and Yield
Harvesting of f lowerspikes:
 For local marketgladiolus is harvested when the lower
most pairof f loret is fullyopened.
 Fordistant market harvesting is usuallydone when the
lower most pairof f loret has just shown thecolour.
 For local market harvesting is usuallydone in morning
hours. Immediatelyafter harvesting the spike should be
kept in a bucketof a plain water.
 For local market it isadvisable to sent the flower in the
bucketof water itself.

15. Yield
 The flower spike yield in gladiolus is very according to the
cultivar, corm size , planting density and management
practices etc.
 Approximate yield of flower spike would be around
2,00,000 per hectare.

16. THANK YOU