topic about motivation

2.  Derived from word Motive
 Acc to SP Robbins “Motivation is willingness
to apply high level of efforts towards
organizational goals, conditioned by efforts
and ability to satisfy some individual needs”

3.  Psychological Phenomenon
 Not easy to be observed Phenomenon
 Dynamic
 Goal oriented process
 Influenced by social and cultural norms.

4. 1.Positive and Negative motives
(positive motivation is expecting a
reward,
Negative motivation is avoiding pain or
punishment.)
2. Rational and Emotional Motives

5. Basis of difference Rational motives Emotional motives
Time spent in
purchasing
Takes longer time to
evaluate
Immediate decision to
purchase
Dominance Head and Mind Feelings of heart
Nature of product Durable and high
price
Non-durable and low
price

6. Reasons
 1. Needs are never fully satisfied
 2. New needs emerge as old
needs are satisfied
 3. Success and failure influence
goals

7.  Positive motivation is a response which
includes enjoyment and optimism about the
tasks that you are involved in. Positive
motivation induces people to do work in the
best possible manner and to improve their
performance. Under this better facilities and
rewards are provided for their better
performance. Such rewards and facilities may
be financial and non-financial.

8.  Negative motivation aims at controlling the
negative efforts of the work and seeks to create a
sense of fear for the worker, which he has to suffer
for lack of good performance. It is based on the
concept that if a worker fails in achieving the
desired results, he should be punished. Negative
motivation involves undertaking tasks because
there will be undesirable outcomes, eg. failing a
subject, if tasks are not completed.
 Almost all students will experience positive and
negative motivation, as well as loss of motivation,
at different times during their life at University.