CAUSES OF TRISMUS FOR GENERAL DENTAL PRACTICE

1. DEPARTMENT OF ORAL MEDCINE AND
RADIOLOGY
AJINS T A
CRI

2. Truisms is called – LOCK JAW
Spasms of the muscles of mastication resulting in the
inability to open the oral cavity ; often symptomatic of
pericoronitis.
Normal mouth opening males – 35-45mm.
Normal mouth opening females- 40-60mm.

3.  Most common:
-Impacted third molar.
-Removal of wisdom teeth.
- Removal of tonsil.
Less common:
- Radiation therapy to the face and neck.
- Tetanus.
- Myositis.
- Jaw nerve damage.
- Adhesion or scaring of the tissues around the jaw or
tongue.
- Muscle atrophy.
- Poor oral hygiene.

4. - tumors or cancer.
- Trauma to the jaw area.
- Diseases such as lupus and scleroderma.
TRISMUS can occur most commonly in the first 9 months
after radiation near the temporomandibular joint.

5.  Intra articular
1. Ankylosis
2. Arthritis synovitis.
3. Meniscus pathology.
Extra articular:
 INFECTION:
• Odontogenic
1. Pulpal
2. Periodontal
3. Pericoronal
• Non odontogenic
1. Tonsillitis
2. Tetanus
3. Meningitis
4. Brain abscess
5. Parotid abscess
 Trauma
1. Fractured mandible
2. Fracture zygomatic arch
3. Incorporation of foregion bodies.

6.  Dental treatment related
• Post extraction
• Local anesthetic injection.
 TMD
• Trauma to the TMJ due to wide and prolonged opening .
• Myofacial muscle spasm.
• Internal derangement.
 Tumors and oral care
1. primary and secondary tumors of epipharyngeal and parotid region,
jaws joint.
2. Submucous fibrosis
3. Myositis ossificans
 Drugs
1. Phenothiazine
2. Succinyl choline
3. Tricyclic antidepresent.
4. Metaclopramide
5. Halothane.

7.  Radiotherapy and chemotherapy
1. Osteoradionecrosis
2. Post radiation fibrosis
 Congenital
1. Hypertrophy of coronoid
2. Trismus-pseudo-camptodactyly syndrome.
 Miscellaneous
1. Hysteria
2. Lupus erythematous.

8.  Heat therapy
 Analgesics
 A soft diet, and ( if necessary)
 Muscle relaxants.

9. THANKYOU