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Dashboard Design / IxDA
1. AINO TUOMINEN
SPEAKER
Business Analytics Consultant @Solita
twitter: @ainotuominen
M.Sc. in Engineering, B.A. in Arts
Working in consulting / analytics and
planning since 2006
Bachelor thesis about dashboards design
process 2014
3. “The purpose of
visualization is
insight, not
pictures.”
Ben Schneiderman, Human-computer interaction lab, U.
of Maryland
CONTENTS
How to Create a Good Dashboard
Data Sources and Tools
What is a Dashboard1
3
2
5. ” What gets measured,
gets managed.
Peter Drucker (?)
6. A DASHBOARD
What is it, anyway?
Purpose:
to visually display the most essential
and actionable (real time)
information needed to achieve
objectives, on single view so that
the information can be monitored at a
glance.
7.
8. HOW TO MAKE ONE?
What should you consider when creating a dashboard concept
9. ” The goal is to turn data
into information, and
information into
insight.
Carly Fiorina, Former CEO of HP
11. THE USER
People Before Features
• Who is your user?
• Why those personas need a dashboard?
• What brings value to the user?
• Where will they access the dashboard?
• When do you need the dashboard?
• How does the dashboard support your
organizational objectives?
YOU MUST HAVE
AN INTIMATE
KNOWLEDGE OF
YOUR USER TO
DESIGN FOR
THEM.
12. STORY PRESENTATION
Flow of the story from left to
right and from up down
(normally). Use visual aids to
support the flow.
Flow
1
Present the relationship of the
data in a clear way
Relationship
2
Group data meaningfully.
Grouping
3
14. DATA GRAPHS
..
• Use graphs to:
• Discern relationships between data series
• Identify patterns, trends and exceptions
• Present large data-amounts
• Choose graph type based on data
• Remove any component that is not
contributing to the message.
KEEP IT SIMPLE!
15. ANSCOMBE’S QUARTET
• All the summary statistics you’d
think to compute are close to
identical.
• Plot these four data sets on x/y
coordinate plane to be able to see the
differences.
WHY GRAPHS?
Graphs are good to identify patterns, trends and exceptions
17. ” Overview first, zoom
and filter, then details-
on-demand.
The visual information-seeking mantra, Ben Schneiderman
18. DESIGN PROCESS
Presentation Methods
2
What presentation methods are
available in the selected technology
platform?
User / Information
Content
1
What information is the user
looking for? What needs does he
have? What data is available?
?
Data Scoping Tools
3
What tools are available that the
user can use to restrict the data on
screen
19. How to Use Color
6
How to use color to highlight the
most relevant information. Use
color for alerts and to guide to
action.
Visual Style
7
What choices should be made for
the visual style? Remember to
consider the brand guidelines. Also,
the visual style should not confuse
or introduce meaningless variety.
aBcdEf
123456
Layout
4
What kind of layout supports the
story in a meaningful order? How to
bring out the most important key
metrics? It’s also good to apply the
golden ratio.
Drill Through
5
How can the user find more context
information for the data by drilling
through?
DESIGN PROCESS
20.
21.
22.
23. ” If the insight aren’t actionable your
target audience won’t adopt the
dashboard a decision-support
instrument.
Lilian Pierson, the author of Data Science for Dummies
24. FUNCTIONALITY
Make a choice what functionality supports your use case
Comparison Alerts Export / Print
Responsiveness Mouse Over Drill Down Filters
25. Use colors to highlight what is important or to
group what belongs together. Avoid
unnecessary confusing use of different colors.
Careful with colors
Gauges are not very effective. They have no
value to compare with. There are better and
more effective visualizations available than
gauges that also take up less space.
No more gauges
Increase the ratio between data to ink.
Highlight what’s important, leave out all
effects that are just decorative.
Less is more!
1
3
2
8 TIPS
for Better Dashboards
Production
Orders
Orders 1,2 k€
1,2 k€
Orders
26. If you want to compare two series, like targets and
actuals, you can also show and highlight the difference.
Highlight negative values to bring out the anomaly.
Show the difference
The pie chart is very popular but it’s not very effective.
It’s difficult to compare the pie sizes.
No more pies
With a bar chart, always allow the vertical axis to start
at zero (0) to prevent graphs from being wrongly
interpreted.
Start at zero
4
6
5
8 TIPS
for Better Dashboards
27. A horizontal bar is often the best choice
when long labels are used or when you
want to show the hierarchy.
Different angle
Use a neutral dashboard and use highlights to
immediately show what is really important.
Highlight important
7
8
8 TIPS
for Better Dashboards
28. ” If you can’t explain it
simply, you don’t
understand it well
enough.
Unknown
29. INEFFECTIVE1
The presentation does
not create insight, or the
data does not promote
action.
MEANINGLESS2
The presentation
introduces
meaningless variety
or data.
CONFUSING3
Confusing the user
with poor
presentation.
3 COMMON PITFALLS
30. Dashboard Design Mistakes
Too many colors
poor readability
3D effects
Small font
Confusing color
Lack of graphs
Small font
Too much color
Lack of space
31. 1
KEY DATA IN
CONTEXT
2
DENSE
INFORMATION,
NOT CLUTTERED
3
HIGHLIGHT
EXCEPTIONS
4
ZERO
LEARNING
CURVE
5
ACCESS TO
SUPPORTING
DETAILS
A GOOD DASHBOARD
A Good Dashboards is Graphic Oriented and a Single Page
32. AGILE DESIGN PROCESS
Apply agile design
• Iterate through client testing to improve
usability and relevance
• Observation in real situations with real
users is better than just asking questions
• Collect user statistics if possible
• Test, test, test, … All the time if possible
34. PLATFORMS
• In a typical project the data source is
given and often the tools can be from
the same vendor.
• You should first evaluate the
platform. Understand the basic
structure and responsive nature of
the platform.
GARTNER
36. TOOLS
..
• The concept and a prototype can
be created with i.e. Adobe
Illustrator + Invision / Adobe XD
• There are Open Source tools for
data visualizations like Java
script libraries.
• Many companies offer free trial
periods, like Power BI, SAP
Lumira, Tableau.
37. ..
• Preferably real time data (but
sometimes near real time is
good enough)
• Data from your:
• Cloud application?
• Computer or a file sharing
service?
• Database?
DATA SOURCES