Phytohormones introduction of plant hormones auxin mechanism of action functions

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2. Faculty of Pharmacy
Gomal University
Presented By;
Ain Ali Haider (25)
Sarmad Hussain (18)
Hammad Hussnain (39)
Muhammad (63)
Asfandyar (38)
Submitted to;
Muhammad Imran Aziz
Date:8th May 2017
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3. Topic;
PLANT GrOWTH
REGULATORS
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4. • Plant growt regulators
• Introduction
• Mechanism of action
• Auxin
• Gibberellins
CONTENT:
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5. Plant Growth Regulators;
• A plant growth regulator is an organic
compound, either natural or synthetic,
that modifies or controls one or more
specific physiological processes
within a
plant.
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6. • Organic compounds
• Produced by plants
• Required in minute amount
• Thymon said “phytohormones”
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7. • Hormones => animals
• Phytohormones => plants
• Plant growth regulators=> syntheticly
produced i.e
IAA (naturally)
IBA (synthetically)
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3 TERMINOLOGIES
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8. Also called as Phytohormones ,
These are the physiochemical intercellular
messengers that regulates ;
• Germination
• Rooting
• Growth
• Flowering
• Fruit ripening
• Foliage and death
• Bud dormancy etc
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9. T y p e s o f
P l a n t G r o w t h
R e g u l a t o r s
• Auxins
• Gibberellins
• Cytokinins
• Ethylene glycol
• Abscisic acid
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10. 3 Steps of Signal
Transduction:
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11. • a plant
hormone
which causes
the elongation
of cells in
shoots and is
involved in
regulating
plant growth.
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12. Introduction:
• The term auxin is derived from a greek word
auxein which means “to grow”
• First growth hormone
• Pormotes elongation of young shoots(IAA)
• Promotes fruit growth
Alpha NAA IBA
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15. Production:
• Produced in root cells
• shoot meristematic tissue,
• In young leaves
• Mature root cells
• In the embroy
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16. Mechanism of action :
1. Binding of hormone
2. Signaling
3. Activation Proton pumps
4.Action of Golgi apparatus
5. Activation of DNA Protiens
6. Production of protiens
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18. Functions of Auxin;
• Auxin promotes cell growth
• Help in phototropism
• Suppresses lateral growth
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19. • Auxin is required for fruit growth
• Rooting elongation.
• Tropistic response of bending
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20. • Elongation of the plant,
• Increases the plasticity of the
cell wall
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21. • Leaf and fruit abscission
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22. GIBBERELLiNS
• A class of
diterpene
plant growth
hormones
that regulate
growth and various
developmental
processes.
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23. INTRODUCTION:
• First Gibberellin to be structrally found as
GA3
• About 136 GAs identified
• Diterpenoid acids
• Weakly acidic compound
• of rice seedlings.
Gibberellic Acid
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24. Chemical Structure
• tetracyclic diterpene acids
which have a common
entgibberellane skeleton.
• Gibbane ring
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25. Discovery:
• Japanese scientist Kurosawa
• Bakanae (foolish seedlings)
• “Gibberalla fujikuroi”
• 1926 Filtered Extract of fungus
• In 1934, Yabuta discovered compound Fusaric Acid,
known as
Gibberellins.
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26. Production:
These are found in the;
• Young tissues of Roots ,
• Germinating seeds,
• Developing shoot tissues,
• Embroy,
• Production increases in the
dark.
• SYNTHESIS;
• From acetyl CoA
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28. Differences Between
AUXIN GIBBERELLINS
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• Found in higher plants
• Double or single
unsaturated ring structure
• Apical dominance
• Does not cause bolting
• Found in fungi mostly
• Tetracyclic gibbane
structure, less
unsaturation
• Does not affect
• Causes bolting

29. • Does not influence callus
formation
• No effect of root growth
• Produce Hydrolyzing
enzyme.
• Replace the requirements
of long photoperiods
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• Essential for callus
formation
• Effect on root growth
• Does not produce
Hydrolyzing enzyme
• No effect on flowering in
long day plants

30. Functions of Gibberellins:
• Stimulate elongation
• Flowering in the binnel plants
• Break seed dormacy
Foolish Seedlings of rice Internodal stem development
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31. • Parthenocarpic plants fruit
development
• Induces sex expression
• Stimulates germination of pollen
• Stimulate root growth
Fruit
Development
Development of root
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32. Delay senescence
Breaks seed
dormancy
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33. • Stimulates α-amylase production in
germinating seeds.
• Stimulate internodal
develpoment.
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35. Prepared by;
Ain Ali Haider
akhan196@hotmail.co.uk