Types of Hard Drive Types of Partition Types of file systems What is Format? Formatting Hard drive Partition

1. ‫الرحیم‬ ‫الرحمن‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫بسم‬

2. Types of Hard Drive
Types of Partition
Types of file systems
What is Format?
Prepared By: Ahmad Amin

3. Types of Hard Drive
DATA
(IDE)
SATA SSD

4. TYPES OF HARDDRIVE Format

5. Partition
Disk partitioning is the act of dividing a hard disk drive (HDD) into multiple
logical storage units referred to as partitions, to treat one physical disk drive
as if it were multiple disks, so that a different file system can be used on
each partition.

6. TYPES OF PARTITION1. Primary Partition is a
partition that is needed to
store and boot an operating
system, though applications
and user data can reside there
as well, and what’s more, you
can have a primary partition
without any operating system
on it. There can be up to a
maximum of four primary
partitions on a single hard disk,
with only one of them set as
active (see “Active partition”).

7. TYPES OF PARTITION
2. Active (boot) partition is a primary partition that has an operating
system installed on it. It is used for booting your machine. If you have a
single primary partition, it is regarded as active. If you have more than one
primary partition, only one of them is marked active (in a given PC session)

8. TYPES OF PARTITION
3. Logical drive is created within an extended partition. A logical partition is
a way to extend the initial limitation of four partitions. An extended
partition can contain up to 24 logical partitions (you’re limited by the
number of drive letters and the amount of hard drive space available for
creating drives; of course, it’s senseless to use 24 partitions on a system in
most cases, because it will be a data organization nightmare). Logical
partitions are used for storing data mainly, they can be formatted and
assigned drive letters; their details are listed in the extended partition’s
table - EMBR (Extended Master Boot Record).

9. TYPES OF FILE SYSTEMS
NTFS – NTFS, short for WIndows NT File System, is a propitiatory file system
created by Microsoft for its Windows line of opperating system. Initially
created for Windows NT 3.1, it has been used for all of its NT line of
opperating system; including, Windows NT 3.5, 3.51, 2000 and Windows XP,
Vista, 7, and 8 as well as Windows Server 2003, 2008, 2008 R2, 2012, Home
Server, Home Server 2011 and future desktop and server operating systems.
HFS / HFS+ – HFS is a file system created by Apple for use with floppy disks
and hard disks on the earlier Mac operating system. Since then, it has been
dropped from the Mac operating system starting with Mac OS X 10.6, and
replaced with HFS +.

10. TYPES OF FILE SYSTEMS
• ext / ext2 / ext3 / ext4 – ext, short for extended file system, was created
in 1992 as the first file system specifically for Linux. Since then it has been
succeeded by ext 2, then ext 3, and ext 4.
• As of right now, the current file system for Linux, ext 4, only has support
for Linux as there is little support for the ext formatted disk for non-Linux
operating systems. Currently, ext4 formatted hard drives are not able to
be fully read or written on Windows. Current Mac operating systems only
allows reading of ext 4 drives.

11. TYPES OF FILE SYSTEMS
• FAT / FAT 16 / FAT 32 – FAT, short for File Allocation Table, is the most
compatible format for storing data. Originally designed in 1970 for floppy
drives, it has been used in hard drives, USB flash drives, memory cards,
and Microsoft DOS and Windows operating systems since Windows 1.0 to
Windows ME .
• As of right now, FAT is compatible with almost all operating system and
devices.

12. TYPES OF FILE SYSTEMS• exFAT – exFAT is a propitiatory file system created by Microsoft for flash
drives in situations where NTFS is not feasible due to its data structure
overhead or file size limit of FAT 32. exFAT brings to max to 512 TiB,
allowing files to be bigger than 4GB, and more features not in FAT
formatted drives. It also increases the speed with which those files can be
accessed.

13. TYPES OF FILE SYSTEMS• RAID – RAID, short for redundant array of independent disks, is a category
for storage drives, that allow two or more drives that can set
fault tolerance (in case a drive fail) and/or performance. Although RAID is
rarely used on personal computers, it is used in servers to store data in
multiple places to improve performance and redundancy. Unlike other
formats RAID requires either a software or a hardware to implement RAID.

14. Which format is the best for me?
• For compatibility, FAT file system gives you the ability to read and write in
almost any device and operating systems. Though FAT is most compatible,
it has some drawbacks.
• To be safe, if you have a large drive as well as large files and running either
Mac OS X 10.6.5 or higher or Windows XP or higher, exFAT will be the best
choice to go with.

15. What Does Format Mean?
• To format a drive (hard disk, floppy disk, flash drive, etc.) means to
prepare the chosen partition on the drive to be used by an operating
system by deleting all of the data1 and setting up a file system.
• The most popular file system to support Windows is NTFS but FAT32 is
also sometimes used.

16. What is Formatting?
• Formatting a hard drive is a necessary step before it can be used.
Formatting a hard drive involves erasing the data (see the "Note" at the
bottom of the page) and then setting up a file system.
• No operating system, Windows or otherwise, can work with a hard drive
that hasn't been formatted.
• Note: When formatting in Windows, data may or may not actually be
erased after formatting the drive. Depending on the type of format, it's
very possible the data is still there, hidden from Windows and other
operating systems but still accessible in certain situations. To truly
removing all the information on a hard drive, we have to Wipe a Hard
Drive.
• * Easeus Partition Master Best Software for formatting.

17. "How Do I Format a Hard Drive?"
• The best way to format a hard drive in Windows is by using the Disk
Management tool. The steps involved to format a hard drive from the Disk
Management tool depend on the specific version of Windows you're
running.

18. THANKS