1. THE IDEOLOGY OF NAZISM

2. HITLER
some aspects of his biography
 He was born in Braunau, an Austrian village in the border
between Austria and Baviera.
 He belong to a catholic-bourgeoisie family.
 He never finished his studies in the Secondary School.
 In Viene, he worked as a day laborer.
 He tried to join the Academy of Arts in Vienna but he was
rejected.
 He joined the Army.
 He took part in a fascist bavarian party.

3. ORIGIN OF THE NAZI IDEOLOGY
 After the failure of the
«putsch of Munich» in 1923,
Hitler was imprisioned.
– In jail, he dictated his book
“Mein Kampf”, the Bible of
Nazism. He dictated it to his
chauffeur, Emile Maurice, with
the colaboration of his
lieutenant Rudolf Hess.

4. Ideas of Nazism in
“Mein Kampf”
 Cult of the supreme leader
– The Führer is shown as an infallible person.
– He introduced the compulsory salute:“Heil Hitler”
– A more intense cult than the one of the italian leader.
 Primacy of the State: state omnipotence
 Exaltation of violence.

5. Ideas of Nazism in “Mein Kampf”
 Exaltation of youth:
– Hitler youth: camaraderie, obedience,
sense of duty.
 Control of the education:
– Indoctrinate youth in racist theories,
anti-Semitism and militarism.
– Teachers had to belong to the
Association of Nazi Teachers.

6. Ideas of Nazism in “Mein Kampf”
 Introduction of traditional values:
– Women were considered just to have children and
to do the housework.

7. Ideas of Nazism in “Mein Kampf”
 Racism
– The pith of Nazism.
– Aim: ensure the social cohesion.
 Subsitute the division in social classes by the racial
unity and racial supremacy.
 Racist and racial conception of history.
– Theory spread from the end of 19th
century: the belief in
the existence of inferior and superior races.

8. Ideas del Nazismo en “Mein Kampf”
 Racism
– A superior race: The Aryan race.
 Hitler thought that the German people belonged to
the Aryan race.
– According to him, this race had done the biggest creations
of Humanity.
– Inferior races:
 Latins, Slavs, Gypsi, and,
above all, JEWS.

9. Racism: The Aryan Race
 The Aryan race from the Nazi point of view
is formed by all the genuine inhabitants of
Europe.
 The Aryan race is an homogeneous race with
an enormous variety of phenotypes which
make it a strong and rich genetically race.

10. Racism: The Aryan Race
 The Aryan race is divided into three sub-
racial groups:
– Alpine
– Mediterranean
– Nordic.
 Every group has a part of the other group .

11. Racism: The Aryan Race
 The Aryan race has been
considered as the best qualified
race for the development of the
civilizations and their own cultural
and technological advances.
A depiction of the "pure Aryan" family on the cover of the 1938
calendar published by Neues Volk, the magazine of the Nazi Party's
Race Political Office. Note the eagle hovering in the background.
A depiction of the "pure Aryan" family on the cover of the 1938
calendar published by Neues Volk, the magazine of the Nazi Party's
Race Political Office. Note the eagle hovering in the background.

12. Racism: The Aryan Race
 The origin of the Aryan
race goes back thousands
of years ago in the routes
of the center of Asia which
occupied Europe with their
migrations and over time
new cultures were created
and the Indoeuropean
languages diversified.

13. Racism
 For Hitler, the mixture of races, and
especially the presence of Jewish population,
explained the decadence of Germany.
 The periods of progress of Humanity are
periods of racial purity.
 When the superior race is mixed with other
inferior races, a period of decadence starts.

14. Racism
 For Hitler, the meeting of the German people in a
Great Germany is a reality written in the natural
order of the historic events.
 To achieve it, it is necesary to take down the enimy
race.
 If the Aryan superiority was fulfilled, the conflicts
would disappear and the internationalism and the
class struggle would loose their sense.

15. Racism
 What was the priority for Hitler?:
– Give back the racial purity to the population:
 Eliminate the individuals with phisical handicaps, or, at
least, prevent marriage or descendence.
 The insane, physical and psycological handicaped
people and homosexuals were detained or
assassinated.
– An euthanasia program was introduced: 72.000 people
were killed.
 An antisemitic policy was established.

16. Antisemitic policy
 The Jewish people were
the biggest group of
victims.
 The antisemitism was
based on the fact that the
Nazis identified the Jews
with the economic
monopolies of the post-
war.
German Jews walking with the
star of David.

17. Antisemitic policy
 Nazi messures against the Jews:
– 1933-1938:
 Jews were forbidden to work in most of the jobs. They
could hardly earn their lives.
 1935: The laws of Nuremberg
– The Jews were not considered German citizens anymore.
– The intermarriage between the Jews and the Aryans were
forbidden.

18. Antisemitic policy
 According to the origin of the four grandparents that a peson
has, you were classified as: “German” (four German
grandparents), Jewish (four Jewish grandparents) or mestizo, if
you descended of one or two Jewish people. The Judaism of a
person was determined by the religion of their parents.
http://www.taringa.net/posts/info/129953
51/Leyes-de-Nuremberg.html

19. Antisemitic policy
 Nazi messures againts Jews:
– 1938: Radicalization of the antisemitism.
 The night of Broken Glass
– Lots of Jews were assassinated.
– Their shops were looted.
– Their sinagogues were burnt..
– 26.000 Jews were sent to prison camps.

20. Antisemitic policy
 Nazi messures againts Jews:
– 1942: The high point
 Hitler decided to apply the Final Solution:
– Program of a total elimination of the Jewish population in
Europe.
– All the Jews and the Gypsies were sent to extermination
camps (Auschwitz, Treblinka…)
 Six million Jewish people died there.

21. Antisemitic policy
 Hitler had said:
– «The world only belongs to the strong people who
apply final solutions. It doesn´t belong to the weak
people with their half messures».
 In 1942 Hitler applied the «Final solution»
– All the Jews and Gipsy people from Germany and
Nazi-occupied countries were sent to
extermination camps, where they were
sistematically killed.

22. Antisemitic policy
 More than 6
million Jews
died in a
planned
genoicide
known as the
Holocaust.

23. Política antisemita
 Gestapo: Hitler political policy.
– Secret policy of the Nazi State.
 They could detain and condemn to death without
nobody (even judges) could prevent it.

24. Política antisemita
– Las S.S.: special policy for the Führer´s
protection. It was finally a special policy for the
secutiry of the State.

25.  Isabel Aguña
 Profesora de Geografía e Historia
 Bilingual section