The document discusses three avant-garde art movements: Cubism, Expressionism, and Dadaism. Cubism emphasized ideas over reality and depicted figures with geometric shapes. Expressionism focused on depicting emotions like disappointment through deformed body parts and dynamic images. Dadaism was inspired by disillusionment with society after WWI, as Dadaist artists wanted to provoke and rebel through works like Duchamp's Fountain, a signed urinal considered a landmark in 20th century art.