Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and other autotrophs store energy from sunlight in the form of sugars. It requires sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water and produces oxygen and glucose. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, the organelles in plant leaves. The leaf is structured to maximize photosynthesis, with a waxy cuticle, palisade mesophyll for absorbing light, and stomata for gas exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen.

1. Photosynthesis

2. GROUP MEMBERS OF BIOLOGY ASSIGNMENT ARE : AFSHAN FAROOQ. RIMSHA ARSHAD AIMAN LIAQUAT AREEBA ISHTIAQ

5. LEAF STRUCTURE AND ITS FUNCTIONS ! INTRODUCTION AND EXPLANATION .

10. Q. What is a leaf structure and what is its function ? The structure of the leaf allows for maximum absorption of sunlight for photosynthesis. There are several levels of structure in studying a leaf. A leaf attached to the tree at a node. The stalk that attaches the leaf to the tree is the petiole which extends into the midrib of the leaf called the rachis. There may be a pair of extensions from the base of the petiole called stiplules. Many veins branch off the rachis. The flat part of the leaf is called the blade. There are many shapes of leaves and different margins. If we take a section of the leaf, we would find the following tissue layers from top to the bottom of the leaf: upper epidermis covered with a waxy cuticle, palisade mesophyll and spongy mesophyll in which the photosynthesis occurs, a lower epidermis perforated with numerous holes called stomata. The stomata are surrounded by guard cells that can open and close. The stomata allow gas exchange (carbon dioxide in and oxygen and water vapor out). There will be cross sections of veins as well. In the vein, there will be xylem carrying water and minerals at the top of the vein with phloem on the bottom of the vein .The structure of the leaf allows max. absorption of sunlight for photosynthesis …. EXTRAAAAAAA INFORMATION !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

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13. . …………… MS.ISMAT ! FOR MAKING US UNDERSTAND SO WELL ! THANKYOU.

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