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Modeling Collaborative Idea Flow
in an Open Office
The Modern Office Tower:“Form Follows Function”
1891
Wainwright Building, St. Louis
Louis Sullivan
•The only“indigenous”American building
type
•Made possible by the availability of steel
framing,allowing height
•Eschews ornamentation in favor of modern
efficiency,clarity,simplicity
•The defining aesthetic of the Modernist
architectural movement
1949
860–880NorthLakeShoreDrive
Mies van der Rohe
1886 - 1969
“Less is More”
1958
SeagramBuilding,NewYork
1891
Wainwright Building
1940s-60s
Set of“Mad Men”
1970s-90s
Set of“Office Space”
2000s-now
Google
“...communications technologies in the form of the Internet and
mobile communications technologies are once again changing the
shape of business culture,by changing the ways people work and
renewed requirements on the workplace.As more people become
mobile,meetings and social interaction become more important as
time together is growing more limited.This change is placing more
dynamic requirements on space to help foster communities and
encourage social interaction.”
“The Living Skyscraper: Mapping theVertical Neighborhood”
1959
The Norton Building
SOM,inspired by Mies van der Rohe
“Seattle’s first glass curtain wall skyscraper”
https://vimeopro.com/user15766364/lmn/video/158252147
Communications Theory
Bonding vs.BridgingHigh Context vs.Low Context
Engagement vs.Exploration Efficiency vs.Innovation
Project Team:
High Context/Efficient/Bonding/Engagement
Community Event:
Low Context/Innovative/Bridging/Exploration
Pin-Up/ModelAreas CollaborationTables
Conference Rooms Focus Rooms Materials Library
Classifying Interactions
Bonding Bridging
Primary team
Team resource
Non-team related
Non-work related
4
3
2
1
1
2
3
4
PROJECT
TEAM
PROJECTTEAMFLEX SPACE / LIBRARY
MODEL
+
PINUP
TABLECIRCULATION / STAIRS / ELEVATORS
Classifying Interactions: Internal vs.External
Bonding Bridging
Primary team
Team resource
Non-team related
Non-work related
4
3
2
1
General public
Colleagues
Collaborators
Clients
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
4
3
2
1
InternalExternal
Classifying Interactions: Physical vs.Digital
Inventory of communications technologies used in the office
Collaboration/Interaction
•Email
•Phone (landline & mobile)
•MS Office
•Adobe CC
•3D Modeling Software,e.g.Revit
•Bluebeam (drawing markups)
•Paper
•Social media
•Company intranet
•Company website
Individual Research
•Books & magazines
•Internet search (Google)
Classifying Interactions: Rankings
Virtual (internal) Virtual (external)
4 Bonding (high context)
3.5 Revit
3 MS Office Revit / MS Office / Phone / Bluebeam
2.5 neutral Email,Adobe CC Email / Adobe CC / Company website
2 Phone
1.5 Company intranet Social media
1 Bridging (low context) Social media
Face to Face (internal) Face to Face (external)
4 Bonding (high context)
3.5 Collab tables,Model/Pinup Collab tables, Model/Pinup, Focus rooms, Circulation/Lobby
3 Focus rooms,Materials lib,Shop Materials lib, Conference rooms, Desk
2.5 neutral Conference rooms,Desk,Restaurants,Others Desks,Kitchen Restaurants, Flex space/Library
2
1.5 Circulation/Lobby,Flex space/Library
1 Bridging (low context)
0 no interactions phone rooms shop,others desks, kitchen, phone room
Face to Face + Virtual (internal) Face to Face + Virtual (external)
4 Bonding (high context)
3.5 collab tables,model/pinup areas collab tables, model/pinup, circ/lobby
3 focus rooms,materials lib,shop focus rooms, materials lib, conference room,phone room
2.5 neutral desk,others desks,conference rooms,kitchen,local restaurants desk,local restaurants, flex space/library
2
1.5 circulation/lobby,flex space/library
1 Bridging (low context)
0 no interactions phone rooms shop,other people’s desks, kitchen
Classifying Time: Group vs.Individual
Discovering new
knowledge
Synthesizing existing
knowledge
Group
Solo
Bonding Bridging
Engagement Exploration
Survey...
LMN Architects Office Post-Occupancy Study

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LMN Architects Office Post-Occupancy Study

  • 1. Modeling Collaborative Idea Flow in an Open Office
  • 2. The Modern Office Tower:“Form Follows Function” 1891 Wainwright Building, St. Louis Louis Sullivan •The only“indigenous”American building type •Made possible by the availability of steel framing,allowing height •Eschews ornamentation in favor of modern efficiency,clarity,simplicity •The defining aesthetic of the Modernist architectural movement
  • 3. 1949 860–880NorthLakeShoreDrive Mies van der Rohe 1886 - 1969 “Less is More” 1958 SeagramBuilding,NewYork
  • 4.
  • 5. 1891 Wainwright Building 1940s-60s Set of“Mad Men” 1970s-90s Set of“Office Space” 2000s-now Google
  • 6. “...communications technologies in the form of the Internet and mobile communications technologies are once again changing the shape of business culture,by changing the ways people work and renewed requirements on the workplace.As more people become mobile,meetings and social interaction become more important as time together is growing more limited.This change is placing more dynamic requirements on space to help foster communities and encourage social interaction.” “The Living Skyscraper: Mapping theVertical Neighborhood”
  • 7. 1959 The Norton Building SOM,inspired by Mies van der Rohe “Seattle’s first glass curtain wall skyscraper”
  • 8.
  • 10. Communications Theory Bonding vs.BridgingHigh Context vs.Low Context Engagement vs.Exploration Efficiency vs.Innovation
  • 14. Classifying Interactions Bonding Bridging Primary team Team resource Non-team related Non-work related 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4
  • 15. PROJECT TEAM PROJECTTEAMFLEX SPACE / LIBRARY MODEL + PINUP TABLECIRCULATION / STAIRS / ELEVATORS
  • 16. Classifying Interactions: Internal vs.External Bonding Bridging Primary team Team resource Non-team related Non-work related 4 3 2 1 General public Colleagues Collaborators Clients 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 4 3 2 1 InternalExternal
  • 17. Classifying Interactions: Physical vs.Digital Inventory of communications technologies used in the office Collaboration/Interaction •Email •Phone (landline & mobile) •MS Office •Adobe CC •3D Modeling Software,e.g.Revit •Bluebeam (drawing markups) •Paper •Social media •Company intranet •Company website Individual Research •Books & magazines •Internet search (Google)
  • 18. Classifying Interactions: Rankings Virtual (internal) Virtual (external) 4 Bonding (high context) 3.5 Revit 3 MS Office Revit / MS Office / Phone / Bluebeam 2.5 neutral Email,Adobe CC Email / Adobe CC / Company website 2 Phone 1.5 Company intranet Social media 1 Bridging (low context) Social media Face to Face (internal) Face to Face (external) 4 Bonding (high context) 3.5 Collab tables,Model/Pinup Collab tables, Model/Pinup, Focus rooms, Circulation/Lobby 3 Focus rooms,Materials lib,Shop Materials lib, Conference rooms, Desk 2.5 neutral Conference rooms,Desk,Restaurants,Others Desks,Kitchen Restaurants, Flex space/Library 2 1.5 Circulation/Lobby,Flex space/Library 1 Bridging (low context) 0 no interactions phone rooms shop,others desks, kitchen, phone room Face to Face + Virtual (internal) Face to Face + Virtual (external) 4 Bonding (high context) 3.5 collab tables,model/pinup areas collab tables, model/pinup, circ/lobby 3 focus rooms,materials lib,shop focus rooms, materials lib, conference room,phone room 2.5 neutral desk,others desks,conference rooms,kitchen,local restaurants desk,local restaurants, flex space/library 2 1.5 circulation/lobby,flex space/library 1 Bridging (low context) 0 no interactions phone rooms shop,other people’s desks, kitchen
  • 19. Classifying Time: Group vs.Individual Discovering new knowledge Synthesizing existing knowledge Group Solo Bonding Bridging Engagement Exploration