Plasma antenna seminar For under graduate

2. 1. Introduction.
2. What is plasma?
3. What is plasma antenna?
4. How does Plasma antenna work?
5. Working principle.
6. Pros and Cons.
7. Scope.
8. Conclusion.
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3.  The term plasma antenna has been applied to a
wide variety of antenna concepts.
 In the vast majority of approaches, the plasma,
or ionized volume, simply replaces a solid
conductor.
 A highly ionized plasma is essentially a good
conductor, and therefore plasma filaments can
serve as transmission line elements for guiding
waves, or antenna surfaces for radiation.
 The concept is not new. A patent entitled
“Aerial Conductor for Wireless Signaling and
Other Purposes” was awarded to J. Hettinger in
1919.
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4.  A plasma is an
ionized gas.
 A plasma is a very
good conductor of
electricity and is
affected by
magnetic fields.
 Plasmas, like gases
have an indefinite
shape and an
indefinite volume.
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Fig.1

5. SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed, in
a regular pattern
Vibrate, but do
not move from
place to place
Close together
with no regular
arrangement.
Vibrate, move
about, and slide
past each other
Well separated
with no regular
arrangement.
Vibrate and move
freely at high
speeds
Has no definite
volume or shape
and is composed
of electrical
charged particles
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Fig.2

6. 1. Flames
9/25/2015 6Fig.3

7. 2. Lightning
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8. 3. Aurora (Northern Lights)
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9. The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma
state
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Fig.6

10.  A plasma antenna is a type of radio
antenna currently in development in
which plasma is used instead of the metal elements
of a traditional antenna.
 Plasma antenna employs ionized gas enclosed in a
tube as the conducting element of an antenna.
 Plasma or ionized volume, simply replaces a solid
conductors.
 A highly ionized plasma is a good conductors,
therefore plasma filament can serve as transmission
line elements for guiding waves.
 A ionized volume can take a variety of forms.
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11. 9/25/2015 11
Fig.7

12.  A plasma might also be generated
from a gas filled tube containing
a noble gas like Neon or Argon.
 Using of tube require less energy
to excite and maintain the
plasma state, because the gas is
pure and the pressure of the tube
prevents dissipation.
 The use of a tube required that it
must be protected from the
environment ,which increases the
antenna weight and volume and
make the antenna less durables.
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Plasma antenna Fig.8

13. 9/25/2015 13
• Operates at high frequency.
• Have no ringing effect.
• No Ohmic loss.
• Operates at lower frequency.
• Have ringing effect.
• Ohmic loss is high.
TRADITIONAL ANTENNA fig.9 PLASMA ANTENNA
Fig.10

14.  When supply is given to the tube, the gas
inside it gets ionized to plasma.
 When plasma is highly energized, it
behaves as a conductor.
 Antenna generates a localized
concentration of plasma to form a plasma
mirror that deflects RF beam launched
from a central feed located at focus of
mirror.
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15. 9/25/2015 15
Experimental setup Fig.11

16. 9/25/2015 16
View of plasma antenna Fig.12

17.  When voltage applied to an antenna, electric
field is applied.
 It causes current to flow in antenna.
 Due to current flow ,magnetic field is
produced.
 These two fields are emitted from an
antenna and propagate through space over
very long distance.
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18. 9/25/2015 18
Electric and magnetic field produced by an antenna Fig.13

19. 9/25/2015 19Fig.14

20. 9/25/2015 20Comparison Fig.15

21. 9/25/2015 21
DUPLEXER
LNA
AUDIO
FILTER
AUDIO
AMPLIFIER
RF AMP.
AUDIO
FILTER AUDIO
AMPLIFIER MIC
PLASMAANTENNA
LOUD SPEAKER
Block Diagram

22.  Shipboard/submarine
antenna replacements.
 Unmanned air vehicle
sensor antennas.
 Land- based vehicle
antennas.
 Stealth aircraft antenna
replacement.
9/25/2015 22Fig.16

23.  Telemetry &broad-
band communications.
 Ground penetrating
radar.
 Navigation.
 Weather radar and
wind shear detection.
 Collision avoidance.
 High speed data
communication.
9/25/2015 23Fig.17

24.  The length of an ionized filament can be
change rapidly, thereby ‘returning’ the
antenna to a new frequency.
 The antenna can be ‘turned off’ to make
it electrically invisible. This reduce
scattering and eliminating coupling,
interference with other nearby antenna.
 High gain.
 Wide band width.
 Compact and light weight.
 Maintenance free.
 It can operate up to 20GHZ.
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25.  Plasma volumes must be stable and
repeatable. when a gas is ionized, not all
100% of gas will ionize to become plasma.
 The ionizer increases power consumption,
more energy is required to ionize the
gases or to make the silicon chips release
electrons. Therefore, plasma antennas
actually use more power than normal
antennas.
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26.  The future of high-frequency, high-speed
wireless communications could very well be
plasma antennas capable of transmitting focus
radio waves that would quickly dissipate using
conventional antennas. Thus, plasma antennas
might be able to revolutionize not just high-
speed wireless communications.
 Higher frequencies mean shorter wavelengths
and hence smaller antennas. The antenna
actually becomes cheaper with the smaller size.
 Plasma antenna to be used for next generation
Wi-Gig (its version 1.0 was announced in
December 2009) that can reach up to 7 Gbps
bandwidth over frequencies up to 60 GHz.
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27.  The plasma antenna works according to the same
principles and physics laws as the normal
antenna, with plasma replacing the metal
conductors of the normal antenna.
 But because the conducting material used is
plasma, it affords some advantages over a
normal antenna.
 The most notable advantage of the plasma
antenna is the fact that it is practically invisible
to radar and can release short pulses of signals.
 Therefore, the military US is currently racing to
implement the plasma antenna into their
exciting systems.
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28. [1]. Plasma Antennas – G.G. Borg et. Al., Phys.
Plasmas 7, 2198, (2000).; I.
Alexeff et. Al., IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., vol. 34,
no. 2, pp 166-172, April
2006; Igor Alexeff et. Al., Phys. Plasmas 15, 1,
2008.
[2]. Plasma Lenses - P. Linardakis, Borg., G. and
Martin, N.
Electron. Lett. 42, 444 (2006).
[3]. Plasma Frequency Selective Surfaces – I.
Alexeff et
al., IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., vol. 35, no. 2, pp
407-415, April 2007.
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