Walter Gropius's principle of Architecture, Bauhaus, modern Architecture

1. THE PHILOSPHY OF
WALTER GROPIUS
History of Architecture
March-09-2017
Presented by:
MANJURI GOGOI
ABU SHAHMA RASHEED
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2. - GEORGE WALTER ADOLF GPIOUS
- A German Architect.
- Founder of the Bauhaus School.
The German "School of Building."
- One of the founding fathers
of Modernism.
- Studied architecture at the
technical institutes
in Munich (1903–04) and in Berlin–
Charlottenburg (1905–07).
WALTER GROPIUS
18 May 1883 – 5 July 1969
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3. PHILOSOPHY
“We want to create the purely organic
building, boldly emanating its inner laws, free
of untruths or ornamentation.”
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4. MODERNISM
Modernist architecture is a term applied to a
group of styles of architecture which emerged
in the first half of the 20th century and
became dominant after World War II. It was
based upon new technologies of construction,
particularly the use
of glass, steel and reinforced concrete; and
upon a rejection of the traditional neoclassical
architecture.
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5. FAMOUS WORKS
THE FAGUS FACTORY, GERMANY
The Fagus Factory, a shoe last factory in Alfeld
on the Leine, Lower Saxony, Germany, is an
important example of early modern
architecture. Commissioned by owner Carl
Benscheidt who wanted a radical structure to
express the company's break from the past,
the factory was designed by Walter
Gropius and Adolf Meyer. It was constructed
between 1911 and 1913, with additions and
interiors completed in 1925.
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6. Fagus Building was the first to extract the full
aesthetically revolutionary impact from the
structural development.
Fagus structure was actually a hybrid
construction of brick columns, steel beams and
concrete floor slabs and stairways.
It was the steel frame supporting the
supporting the floors, glass screen external
walls.
Pillars are set behind the façade so that its
curtain character is fully realized.
THE FAGUS FACTORY, GERMANY
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7. The first Werkbund Exhibition of 1914 was
held at Rheinpark in Cologne, Germany. The
prismatic dome of the Glass Pavilion of which
only black and white images survive today, was
in reality a brightly colored landmark. Walter
Gropius and Adolf Meyer designed a model
factory for the exhibition. The Belgian
architect Henri van de Velde designed a model
theatre.
WERKBUND EXHIBITION, GERMANY
FAMOUS WORKS 06

8. The Gropius House was the family
residence of noted architect Walter
Gropius at 68 Baker Bridge Road, Lincoln,
Massachusetts. It is now a historic house
museum, owned by Historic New
England, and is open to the public. It was
designated a National Historic
Landmark in 2000 for its association with
Gropius.
GROPIUS HOUSE,MASSACHUSETTS
FAMOUS WORKS
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9. Situated amidst war and the spread of the
modern architectural movement to the United
States, the Gropius House is a fairly modest
building that maintains the scale and
materially identity with the surrounding
area. The facade of the house combines
common brick and local clapboard with
manufactured ribbons windows and glass
block evoking a sense of stability and balance
between old and new, traditional and modern,
New England and European.
GROPIUS HOUSE,MASSACHUSETTS
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10. Staatiches Bauhaus was a German art School
from 1919 to 1933 that combined crafts and
fine arts, and was famous for the approach to
design that it publicised and taught.
The Bauhaus was founded by Walter
Gropius in Weimar.
BAUHAUS
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11. The school existed in three German
cities: Weimar from 1919 to
1925, Dessau from 1925 to 1932
and Berlin from 1932 to 1933, under three
different architect-directors: Walter
Gropius from 1919 to 1928, Hannes
Meyer from 1928 to 1930 and Ludwig Mies
van der Rohe from 1930 until 1933, when the
school was closed by its own leadership
under pressure from the Nazi regime, having
been painted as a centre of communist
intellectualism. Although the school was
closed, the staff continued to spread its
idealistic precepts as they left Germany and
emigrated all over the world.
BAUHAUS
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12. BAUHAUS MOVEMENT
The Bauhaus movement began in 1919
when Walter Gropius founded a school with
a vision of bridging the gap between art and
industry by combining crafts and fine arts.
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13. The Bauhaus movement teaches “truth to
materials” as a core tenet, which means that
material should be used in its most
appropriate and “honest” form, and its
nature should not be changed.
In 19th century, Creativity and
manufacturing were drifting apart, and the
Bauhaus aimed to unite them once again,
rejuvenating design for everyday life.
Although the Bauhaus abandoned much of
the ethos of the old academic tradition of
fine art education, it maintained a stress on
intellectual and theoretical pursuits, and
linked these to an emphasis on practical
skills.
CHARACTERISTICS
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14. ART WORK
By BAUHAUS
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5 6
1- Bauhaus Wasilly Chair.
2- Barcelona Chair.
3- Bauhaus Nesting Tables.
4- Bauhaus Door Knob.
5- Bauhaus Tea Infuser.
6- Bauhaus Chess Set.
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