2. A Cup of Tea
Nan-in, a Japanese master during the Meiji era (1868-1912), received a university
professor who came to inquire about Zen.
Nan-in served tea. He poured his visitor’s cup full, and then kept on pouring.
The professor watched the overflow until he no longer could restrain himself. “It is
overfull. No more will go in!”
“Like this cup,” Nan-in said, “you are full of your own opinions and speculations. How can I
show you Zen unless you first empty your cup?”
3. I am …
I work for...or I like…
I am here for...
Introduction
4. Agenda
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Conclusion
What is design thinking?
What makes a good design thinker?
Integrating Design thinking in your startup
5. What is Design?
It’s a process by which artifact is brought into the existence.
“Design is art that people use”
Ellen Lupten
7. Design thinking The term was popularised by design firm IDEO and was
originally introduced as an innovative problem solving approach. However, as it
has received increased exposure over the years, it has grown to encompass much
more.
8. Design thinking has the ability to influence the way companies not only view
challenges, but goes on to effect the solution they eventually reach. However,
while design thinking has proved popular, its definition has always been elusive;
something designers have understood tacitly, but struggled to explain to those
outside of the industry.
9. Three type of Problems
1
Known Knowns
You know how to solve
them
2
Known Unknowns
You know ways to find out
how to solve them
3
Unknowns
Unknowns
You don’t know how to
solve them as you don’t
know the root cause
10. Three type of Problems
1
Known Knowns
You know how to solve
them
2
Known Unknowns
You know ways to find out
how to solve them
3
Unknowns
Unknowns
You don’t know how to
solve them as you don’t
know the root cause
Blindspots
11. “A wicked problem is a problem that is difficult or impossible to solve
because of incomplete, contradictory, and changing requirements that
are often difficult to recognize. The use of the term "wicked" here has
come to denote resistance to resolution, rather than evil.”
13. Known Knowns
Bad weather during flight!
Turn off auto pilot.
Required activities
Execution & implementation
Required mindset
Checklist thinking
14. Known Knowns
Bad weather during flight!
Turn off auto pilot.
Required activities
Execution & implementation
Required mindset
Checklist thinking
Known Unknowns
My smartphone crashed. What
could have caused it?
Required activities
Test, search, sort, solve
Required mindset
Analytical thinking
15. Known Knowns
Bad weather during flight!
Turn off auto pilot.
Known Unknowns
My smartphone crashed. What
could have caused it?
Big Unknowns
Customer ignore my product?
How can I understand why?
Required activities
Execution & implementation
Required mindset
Checklist thinking
Required activities
Test, search, sort, solve
Required mindset
Analytical thinking
Required activities
Immersion, engagement
Required mindset
Design thinking
Wicked problems
16. Eric Ries “Lean startups”
“Startup is a human institution, to
create something new, under
conditions of extreme uncertainties.”
20. What we learnt? Why we fear?
School Life
Mistakes are punished. Failures is not
tolerated.
Questions are given to us, we just need to find
answers.
Knowledge and certainty foster confidence.
Real Life
Mistakes are learning experiences. Failure
breeds success.
Ask amazing questions, find best answers
Intuition and imagination create potential for
using knowledge
22. Problem Solving
Doing the thing right
Problem finding
Doing the right thing
Design thinking helps you with solving right
problems
Design thinking
Lean Start-up
Agile Execute
23. Design thinking
“A process of Creative and critical thinking that allows information and ideas to
be organized, decisions to be made, situations to be improved, and knowledge
to be gained”
Charles Burnette
28. Abductive thinking means making educated guesses based on an incomplete set
of information.
Coming up with the most likely explanation and solution – much like a
well-thought out TV drama.
“Think Sherlock Holmes, he has certain facts, plots the rest out and then uses
abductive leaps to join clues together.”
In fact, it's abductive reasoning that typically generates great bounds of
innovation (rather than incremental improvements). It’s a skill that can be
developed and finessed over time to produce great results and is how some of the
best designers work.
29. Abductive thinking allows user of this process to find new and better solutions
(or innovations) to problems, by thinking big and exploring all of the possibilities
– and then narrowing those ideas, to identify the best solution(s).
43. So how does startup integrate the
design thinking in its process?
44. Problem Definition
Business acumen
Personality & team
Strategic foresight
Business acumen
Business model innovation
Strategic foresight
User behaviour & design
User behaviour & design
User behaviour & design
Strategic foresight
User behaviour & design
Personality & team
Strategic foresight
Strategic foresight
42%
29%
23%
19%
18%
17%
17%
17%
14%
14%
14%
13%
9%
9%
8%
Solve the Wrong problem
Run out of cash
Not the right team
Outcompeted
Pricing/cost
Poor business model
Bad Pivot
Poor product
No customer focus
Poor marketing
Timing
Lost focus
Lack of passion
No investors
Do not leverage advisors
and networks
Where is design thinking required?
Forbes Data March 2016
47. Create a design friendly environment
Remove walls between people
Communication is the key.
48. Design is not about products;
it’s about the people.
Think beyond tasks;
Their Lives, challenges, dreams.
User journey starts long before they click the button.
49. 1. Understand & define problem you
are trying to solve
Take a lot of time to ask a lot annoying WHY questions
And don’t move to solution space too soon
60. 2. Create quick & crude prototypes
and You don’t need to know how to draw in order to sketch
Prototypes create conversations.
The sooner they work, the sooner you realise what your product needs to be.
62. “What I hear, I forget
What I see, I remember
What I do, I understand”
Lao Tse
63. Refine your prototypes until it becomes
like a movie trailer for your product
It will always remind you of your story. Don’t worry about it to be too
functional or aesthetically pleasing
68. Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Essay on
Self-Reliance
“A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by little
statesmen and philosophers and divines. With consistency a great soul has
simply nothing to do. He may as well concern himself with his shadow on
the wall. Speak what you think now in hard words, and to-morrow speak
what to-morrow thinks in hard words again, though it contradict every
thing you said to-day.--'Ah, so you shall be sure to be misunderstood.'--Is it
so bad, then, to be misunderstood? Pythagoras was misunderstood, and
Socrates, and Jesus, and Luther, and Copernicus, and Galileo, and Newton,
and every pure and wise spirit that ever took flesh.
To be great is to be misunderstood.”
69. A Foolish Consistency is the Hobgoblin
of Little Minds…
…TO BE GREAT IS TO BE MISUNDERSTOOD.
70. Abductive thinking! Question deductive thinking!
Observe behaviour and feelings
Look beyond solutions!
Distributed cognition (Use post-its & Walls)
Create quick prototype and validate with real user!
Be creative in problem solving!
Remember!
