2. INTRODUCTION
• Infectious contagious viral disease of dogs, which spread from dog to dog by direct
or indirect contact with feces of infected dog.
• If left untreated, mortality will be high.
• Main cause of death is hypovolemic shock and gastroenteritis.
• Canine parvovirus disease was first recognized in 1978, when it caused a worldwide
pandemic [severe gastrointestinal illness].
• Canine parvovirus 1 was isolated from feces of dogs in 1967 but it is not amajor
cause of disease.(Also called as canine minute virus).
24-09-2020ABHIJITH SP CVAS POOKODE 2
3. AETIOLOGY
• Agent—Parvoviridae—Canine Parvovirus-2
• Non-enveloped ss DNA virus.
• Parvus=small.
• Produce large intranuclear inclusion bodies.
• Viruses are very stable.
• Most member viruses hemagglutinate red blood cells.
• Synonym-Parvo,CPV-2,Canine parvo, CPV
24-09-2020ABHIJITH SP CVAS POOKODE 3
4. SUSCEPTIBLE HOST
• Dogs are the main susceptible host.
• Chances of infection in pups are high.
• Mortality depends upon the viral load, stage of emaciation, health status etc.
• In wild animals, foxes, skunks, racoons, wolves, wild cats can get infection.
24-09-2020ABHIJITH SP CVAS POOKODE 4
5. Route of Infection
• Dogs are infected via the oronasal route by exposure to infected animals or
their secretions [urine, saliva, feces, and vomitus] or to fomites.
• In domestic cycle of infection, feces of infected dogs is the main reservoir
of virus.
24-09-2020ABHIJITH SP CVAS POOKODE 5
7. Pathogenesis
• Healthy dogs comes into contact with the feces or urine of infected dogs directly or
indirectly.
• Virus gain entry into the body through Upper Respiratory Tract or Buccal cavity and get
lodged into buccal mucosa and laryngeal lymph nodes.
• In the rapidly dividing cells of pharyngeal tonsils, they multiply and produce several copies
of virus .
• Viral copy comes out of the cell by breaking the cell.
• They move to lymphatics then to systemic invasion via veins.
• Most of the virus then get settled in GIT. 24-09-2020ABHIJITH SP CVAS POOKODE 7
10. CLINICAL SIGNS
• Three age-related syndromes have been recognized:
• 1--2-12 days. Generalized neonatal disease. Uncommon.
• 2--3-8 weeks. Myocarditis. However, myocarditis can develop from infection
in utero. Usually all pups in a litter are affected. Myocardial necrosis with acute
cardiopulmonary failure; characterized by sudden death or a pup may succumb
after a short episode of illness. It is less common now.
• 3--2-4 months. Panleukopenia/enteritis. Most common.
24-09-2020ABHIJITH SP CVAS POOKODE 10
11. Symptoms
• Lethargy, Vomiting Fever due to viremia.
• Bloody Diarrhea with very bad smell
• Blood is actually due to breakage of intestinal cells and DIC.
• Dehydration, Electrolytic imbalances.
• Particular smell of faeces.
24-09-2020ABHIJITH SP CVAS POOKODE 11
17. DIAGNOSIS
• Tentative Diagnosis: History, Clinical feature
• Direct ELISA kit for virus detection in feces.
• ELISA
• PCR
• RT-PCR
• VNT
• IgM-capture ELISA test is used to determine recent infection
24-09-2020ABHIJITH SP CVAS POOKODE 17
18. PREVENTION AND CONTROL
• Proper Hygiene measure should be practiced.
• Kennels should be cleaned properly.
• Vaccination should be practiced.
• Main vaccines-Megavac-6 and Nobivac-6.
24-09-2020ABHIJITH SP CVAS POOKODE 18
![INTRODUCTION
• Infectious contagious viral disease of dogs, which spread from dog to dog by direct
or indirect contact with feces of infected dog.
• If left untreated, mortality will be high.
• Main cause of death is hypovolemic shock and gastroenteritis.
• Canine parvovirus disease was first recognized in 1978, when it caused a worldwide
pandemic [severe gastrointestinal illness].
• Canine parvovirus 1 was isolated from feces of dogs in 1967 but it is not amajor
cause of disease.(Also called as canine minute virus).
24-09-2020ABHIJITH SP CVAS POOKODE 2](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)