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1. CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
1 March 2023 1
• One of the largest industry in India
• Most labour intensive industry – many skilled & unskilled
workers
• Problems
- material price hike
- wastage of materials
- inferior quality of materials
- lack of funds
- construction activities in un-organized manner
- over shooting of project duration
- bad workmanship
- poor resource management
- poor quality control
• Only one solution – WELL PLANNED CONSTRUCTION
MANAGEMENT OR PROJECT MANAGEMENT

2. CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
1 March 2023 2
• One of the largest industry in India
• Most labour intensive industry – many skilled & unskilled
workers
• Problems
- material price hike
- wastage of materials
- inferior quality of materials
- lack of funds
- construction activities in un-organized manner
- over shooting of project duration
- bad workmanship
- poor resource management
- poor quality control
• Only one solution – WELL PLANNED CONSTRUCTION
MANAGEMENT OR PROJECT MANAGEMENT

3. 1 March 2023 3

4. NEED FOR
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
1 March 2023 4
• Optimization of resource utilization
• Minimizes the wastage
• Helps to avoid the delay in project schedule
• Ensures quality through effective quality control
• Ensures safety at project site
• Provides better financial management
• Improves productivity & profitability

5. NEED FOR
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
1 March 2023 5
• Optimization of resource utilization
• Minimizes the wastage
• Helps to avoid the delay in project schedule
• Ensures quality through effective quality control
• Ensures safety at project site
• Provides better financial management
• Improves productivity & profitability

6. Administrative sanction (AS)
1 March 2023 6
• Sanction given by the competent authority of the department
for making expenditures for the project
• Example – suppose education department need a new
building. Then AS is the sanction given by the education
department itself
• Given only based on the specific provision made in the
budget for the purpose
• Funds allotted for a particular purpose can not be utilised for
any other purpose without the consent of finance department
SANCTIONS

7. Organaisational structure of
PWD / CPWD
1 March 2023 7
• Kerala PWD & Central PWD follow same pattern of
hierarchy
• May be minor difference in designation
• Officers designated as Chief Engineer (CE), Superintending
Engineer (SE) or Deputy CE, Executive engineer (EE) or
Divisional Engineer, Assistant Executive engineer (AEE) or
Sub Divisional Engineer and Assistant Engineer (AE) or
Sectional engineer
• All are responsible for environmental protection and
ensuring safety and quality at work place
• All are bound to take up instructions from the higher
officials

8. Chief Engineer (CE)
1 March 2023 8
• Head of the department
• Responsible for all administrative and establishment matters of
all employees of PWD
• Appointing authority and also conducts transfers of the officers
in department
• Advices the government on technical matters
• Prepares annual budget and submit to the government
• DPR of all major projects are approved and submitted to the
government
• Empowered with unlimited powers of technical sanctions
• Approves the proposal for departmental execution of works

9. Superintending Engineer (SE)
1 March 2023 9
• Technical head of the region commonly known as the circle.
• Supervision and inspection of the activities taking place within
the circle
• Gives AS and TS as per financial powers entrusted as per rule
• Standard datas and specifications are reviewed and that for new
items of work arising are prepared
• All communications to CE on technical matters from lower level
offices is routed through SE

10. Executive Engineer (EE)
1 March 2023 10
• Technical head of the region commonly known as the division.
• Hence called divisional engineer
• Participating in District Development Committee
• Land acquisition plan for public projects is prepared by division
office
• During calamities, EE should take necessary actions associated
with district administration

11. Assistant Executive Engineer (AEE)
1 March 2023 11
• Technical head of the region commonly known as the Sub
division.
• Hence called Sub divisional engineer
• Inspects works executed in various section offices under the
jurisdiction of sub division
• 25% of the measurements recorded by the AE should be check
measured
• Estimates & bills submitted by the AE is scrutinised at the
subdivision
• Accounts at the sub division should be forwarded to the division
office
• Quality control of work, upkeep of government property,
ensuring progress of project and submitting the DPD

12. PROJECT MANAGEMENT
1 March 2023 12
• A structural way of planning, scheduling, executing,
monitoring and controlling various phases of project
• Project management tools
- should be easy to plan, schedule and showing the inter
relationships between activities
- able to schedule, and if necessary reschedule activities
- should optimise resource utilization
- helps complete the project as per schedule

13. PROJECT MANAGEMENT TOOLS
1 March 2023 13
(1) Bar chart / Gantt chart
Example of a simple bar chart for the planning, design and
construction of a chair
• Graphical representation
• Formed with a list of activities, specifying the start date,
duration of the activity and completion date of each activity,
and then plotted on a project timescale.
• Activities to be performed on the Y-axis and time interval on
the X-axis

14. 1 March 2023 14
• Advantages
- easy to construct
- easy to understand
- all activities can be visualized at a glance
- suitable for limited number of activities (usually < 30)
- easy to make presentaions with
- easy to understand delayed activities