2. Surface Area to Volume Ratio Surface Area Volume As a cell increases in size, what increases the fastest?
3. If an imaginary cube-shaped cell has a length of 6 cm, its ratio of surface area to volume is 1 : 1. 6 : 1. 36 : 1. 1 : 6.
4. When a growing cell undergoes cell division, each new cell gets half the DNA from the original cell. twice as much DNA as the original cell. a random sample of the DNA in the original cell. a full copy of all the DNA in the original cell.
5. The process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells is called cell growth. cell division. DNA replication. mitosis.
6. When one cell divides in two, what happens to the surface area to volume ratios in the new cells? There is no change in the amount of material exchanged. Each new cell can exchange more material than the original cell. Each new cell can exchange less material than the original cell. The two new cells cannot be compared to the original cell.
9. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Section 10-2 Prophase Spindle forming Prophase Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Centromere Click to Continue Mitosis
10. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitosis Spindle forming Prophase Prophase is the first and longest phase of mitosis. The centrioles separate and take up positions on opposite sides of the nucleus. Centromere Chromosomes (paired chromatids)
11. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitosis Spindle forming The centrioles lie in a region called the centrosome. The centrosomehelps to organize the spindle, a fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes. Centromere Chromosomes (paired chromatids)
12. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitosis Spindle forming Chromatin condenses into chromosomes. The centrioles separate and a spindle begins to form. The nuclear envelope breaks down. Centromere Chromosomes (paired chromatids)
13. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Metaphase Centriole Spindle Centriole Mitosis Metaphase Click to Continue
14. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitosis Centriole Metaphase The second phase of mitosis is metaphase. The chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. Microtubules connect the centromere of each chromosome to the poles of the spindle. Spindle
16. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitosis Anaphase Anaphase is the third phase of mitosis. The sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes. The chromosomes continue to move until they have separated into two groups. Individual chromosomes
18. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitosis Telophase Telophase is the fourth and final phase of mitosis. Chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell and lose their distinct shape.
19. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitosis A new nuclear envelope forms around each cluster of chromosomes.
21. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cytokinesis During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm pinches in half. Each daughter cell has an identical set of duplicate chromosomes
22. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cytokinesis in Plants In plants, a structure known as the cell plate forms midway between the divided nuclei. Cell plate Cell wall
23. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 10-2 The series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide is called the cell cycle. mitosis. interphase. cytokinesis.
24. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 10-2 The phase of mitosis during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell is prophase. metaphase. anaphase. telophase.
25. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 10-2 Cytokinesis usually occurs at the same time as telophase. after telophase. during interphase. during anaphase
26. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 10-2 DNA replication takes place during the S phase of the cell cycle. G1 phase of the cell cycle. G2 phase of the cell cycle. M phase of the cell cycle.
27. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 10-2 During mitosis, “sister” chromatids separate from one another during telophase. interphase. anaphase. metaphase.
