Nanotechnology is a dynamic and multi-disciplinary field here is the well explained PPT by Ashwini Sonawane from AISSMS College Of Pharmacy which is best pharmacy college in Pune.
3. Introduction
• Nanotechnology is a dynamic and multi-disciplinary field
• Profound impact on drug delivery, diagnostics, nutraceuticals
• Tiny particles 5-200 nanometers (nm)
• Site specific and targeted drug delivery
6. Liposomes
• Artificially constructed vesicles consisting of the phospholipid bilayer.
• Ability to trap both hydrophobic and hydrophilic compounds.
• Liposomal encapsulation of drug and protein shows improved drug efficacy.
• E.g. Rifampicin and protein to improve antimicrobial efficiency.
• Applications: cardiovascular & neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cancer.
• Many applications in pulmonary drug delivery system.
7. Polymeric micelles
• Amphiphilic molecules or copolymers.
• Organized core structure in aqueous media above Critical Micelle Concentration.
• Ability to entrap hydrophobic drugs
• Achieve site-specific delivery and enhance their bioavailability.
• Promising drug delivery platform for ocular diseases of posterior segments.
• Age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma.
• Applications in gene delivery and diagnostic imaging.
8. Superparamagnetic nanoparticles
• Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) consisting of iron oxide core with
paramagnetic properties
• Guided to target area within our body through external magnets.
• Applications from diagnosis to advanced cancer therapy, magnetic fluid hyperthermia,
magnetic drug targeting, and theranostics.
• Some of the toxicological aspects associated with SPIONs are
• Protein aggregation due to iron accumulation,
• Oxidative stress,
• Altered cellular responses.
9. Gold nanoparticles
• Gold core which is typically surrounded by organic monolayer.
• Nanostructures such as nanoshells, nanorods, and nanocages
• Used for photo thermal ablation of cancer cells with near-infrared light without
damaging normal human tissues.
• Multifunctional coated gold nanoshells used for examination of head and neck cancers.
• Antioxidant properties
• Promising candidates for skin immunization and transdermal delivery system.
10. Aptamers
• Well-defined, folded, three dimensional structures.
• Small single-stranded nucleic acids.
• Intracellular, extracellular and cell surface targeting.
• Mucin1 (MUC1) aptamer-Dox conjugates for lung cancer targeting
• Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) aptamer-doxorubicin conjugates for
prostate cancer targeting.
11. Quantum dots
• Fluorescent, inorganic, semiconductor nanoparticles
• Diameter 2-10 nm.
• Carbon dots or C-dots emerging as versatile nanomaterials.
• Used to image cancer cells due to superior fluorescent properties.
• Chitosan encapsulated zinc oxide quantum dots formulated for tumor targeting.
12. FDA approved nanomedicine
Technology Formulation Name of the
Product
Company Approval year
Liposome Vincristine Marqibo® Onco TCS 2012
Polymeric
Micelles
Estradiol Protein
NPs.
Estrasorb™ Novavax 2003
SPION Dextran Feridex®/
Endoderm®
Endoderm®
AMAG
2008
Gold
Nanoparticles
Silica nanoparticle
with gold shell
AuroShell® Nanospectra
Bioscience
2012
