Kyla's Presentation

1. Geothermal NgaWha

3. New Zealand Geothermal Fields Atiamuri Horohoro Kawerau Mangakino Mokai Ngatamariki Ngawha Ohaaki-Broadlands Orakeikorako Rotokawa Rotoma Rotorua Tikitere Tokaanu-Waihi Tongariro Waimangu-Rotomahana Waiotapu Wairakei-Tauhara Mainly all these geothermal fields are in this circle .

4. Map of Geothermal Fields in the Taupo Volcanic Zone

5. NgaWha Reservoir and Wells Geothermal found that Ngawha began in the 1960s, including the first well. Sixteen other wells were drilled between 1977 and 1983 to depths ranging from 600 to 2300 m. Thirteen of the wells were tested, of which six were good producers. As in 2011 there are 10 in use : Three for production, Five for inserting fluids ETC. and two others. Where is Ngawha ? The Ngawha geothermal field is a geothermal area in the North Island of New Zealand . It is situated roughly 5 km east of Kaikohe and is centred around the village of Ngawha Springs . The field covers an area of around 25 km² and as such, is much smaller than the only other geothermal field in New Zealand, the Taupo Volcanic Zone .

6. Ngawha Generation Ltd Upstream Developer: Top Energy Ltd Downstream Developer: Top Energy Ltd Operator: Ngawha Generation Plant Type: Binary Principal supplier: Ormat Flash pressure: 11/12 bara Steam flow: 85 t/h Brine flow: 950 t/h Both the geothermal power stations at Ngawha are shown in the Pictures. Station 1: built in 1998 Station 2: Built in 2008

7. Future Plans for the Ngawha Geothermal Field : Ngawha is a large energy resource with a huge investment in unused production wells. The relatively low heat content and the high levels of dissolved minerals in the fluids and high gas content produced from the wells (more than would be produced from a gas-fired power station for the same output) are drawbacks for electricity generation. Of greater concern is the need to protect the surface features. After appropriate monitoring, likely to take about 5 years, careful thought will be given to whether any further growth could happen. The potential for industrial process heat and tourism has been investigated by a number of groups. The field is regulated by Northland Regional Council.

8. Bibliology New Zealand Geothermal Association The bylaws of the NZGA published in September 2007 Reference http://www.nzgeothermal.org.nz/nz_geo_fields.html#Ngawha http://www.nrc.govt.nz/upload/2231/Chapter%20Ten%20-%20Ngawha.pdf http://www.topenergy.co.nz/generation-ngawha-power.shtml http://www.topenergy.co.nz/pdf/OfficialOpeningMRFINAL.pdf Google images