1. DUMINGAG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Dumingag, Zamboanga del Sur
Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) TLE TECHNICAL DRAFTING
QUARTER 4 Week 2-3
GRADE 8
Name of Learner: ______________________________________ Section: _____________ Date: ______________
Teacher: __________________________________________________________________________ Score: __________
I. Background Information for Learners
Drafting is the act and discipline of composing drawings that visually communicate how something functions or is constructed. Similar with
drawing, sketch, it has several things to be used. Drafting tools, materials, and equipment are the best friends of the architects. In this lesson, we will
discuss safety procedures in maintaining technical drafting tools. Without the drafting tools, materials, and equipment, it will take you a long time or it
is very impossible to finish a work. The following are the basic safety procedures in maintaining tools and materials used in drafting.
Safety Procedures in Maintaining Hand Tools It is essential to take proper care of the drafting tools, materials, and equipme nt.
Below are some tips to properly use and take care of them.
1. Before starting any drawing, be sure to keep the hands clean and free from dirt.
2. Maintain the cleanliness of the working area, especially the drawing table.
3. Avoid dropping your tools and equipment.
4. Wipe off the surface and edges of triangles and T-squares before and after using them.
5. Sharpen and store your pencils properly after use.
6. Find or create an organizer where you can hung your measuring tools.
7. Have a separate container for making tools.
8. Keep your drawing sheets in a plastic tube to protect them from dust and dirt.
9. Never lend or borrow drafting tools and materials if possible.
10. Pencils should be sharpened whenever they show sign of dullness.
11. Never use the edge of T-square and triangles to cut paper along its working edges. A slight nick at the edge will ruin the T-square.
12. After using the tools, instruments and equipment, clean them first before keeping in a safe place.
Storage and Care
Tools can be kept in anything that keeps them organized and safe during transport.
Drawings are best stored in flat files, lateral files, round tubes, or portfolios.
Keep your tools clean 10 - dirt will rub off them onto the drawing media.
Procedures in cleaning, tightening and simple repair of hand tools, drawing instruments, equipment and paraphernalia
In doing simple repair of tools, make sure that you are knowledgeable in doing so. Repairing tools without sufficient skills may result to
further damage or inflict injuries to the fixer. Small repairs like tightening, sharpening and changing of handles may not require special skills to do. If a
tool or equipment is beyond repair, it must be disposed properly.
Before cleaning any tool, be sure to wear the proper personal protective equipment. Personal protective equipment, commonly referred to
as "PPE", is an equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards that cause serious workplace injuries and illnesses. Gloves, masks and goggles are
usually worn when cleaning tools since most cleaning agents and solutions are harmful to the human body.
Procedures in Cleaning, Tightening and Simple, Repair for Hand tools, Equipment and Paraphernalia Cleaning Procedures:
1. Before cleaning any tool, be sure to wear the proper Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) ex. gloves, mask, and goggles are usually worn
when cleaning tools since most cleaning agent and solutions are harmful to the human body.
2. Only use cleaning agents as prescribed by the tool or equipment’s manufacturer.
3. Cleaning the tools after use is highly recommended.
4. After using a tool, clean it thoroughly with a damp cloth. Wipe it dry with another piece of cloth before keeping it.
5. When not in use, the T-square is preferably hung by inserting the hole to a nail (attached to a wall) at the end of its blade.
Tightening Procedures:
1. Lubricants must be applied after tightening to avoid rusting.
2. Only use the prescribed tool when tightening and loosing.
3. After cleaning, use an all-purpose oil to lubricate tools with adjustable part.
Simple Repair Procedures:
1. Work area must always be kept neat and tidy.
2. Put oil on the movable parts of the measuring tools such as zigzag ruler, calipers, dividers, and compasses to avoid stock-up.
3. Avoid unnecessary sliding of T-square or triangles to protect the drawing. Pick up the triangle by its tip and tilt the T-square blade
upward slightly before moving.
4. If your tools already show signs of rust, spray the tools with oil and then scrub them with steel wool or a stiff wire brush.
5. Afterwards, wash them with warm, soapy water and scrub them again with a cloth or rag until all signs of rust are gone.
LESSON 2 MAINTAIN HAND TOOLS, DRAWING INSTRUMENTS, EQUIPMENT AND PARAPHERNALIA
2. 6. All tools and equipment must be placed in a clean and dry place. Common Malfunction in Hand tools, Equipment and Paraphernalia
Malfunctions and other unplanned and unusual event may not be totally eliminated, but they can surely be minimized.
Listed below are some of malfunctions and unplanned events when using the different tools in completing job requirements.
1. When the screwdriver is not properly aligned with the drive of the screw’s head. This happens when using a driving tool, screws may slip the
tip of the screwdriver. This can be minimized by making sure that the tip of the screwdriver is well secured in the drive of the screw’s head.
Using a screwdriver with a magnetized tip can also help minimize this type of malfunction.
2. The jaws of the pliers are blunt, thus making it hard to hold on things. This usually happens when small objects tend to fall down when being
held by a gripping tool like pliers. This can be prevented by making sure that gripping tools have well maintained jaws that can grasp objects
properly.
3. The heads of striking tools separating away from the handle. The use of striking tools also imposes a great threat if there will be a malfunction.
Common hazards can cause severe injuries to anyone. To avoid this type of accident, the handle of a striking tool must be tightly attached
to its head.
4. A cutting tool is not sharp enough. Mishaps in using cutting tools are also dangerous. They may arise from slippage of the material to be cut.
These unplanned events will cause laceration and wounds to the user. To avoid this, cutting tools must always be kept sharp.
Common Faults in Using Hand Tools
Do not increase the handle length of pliers to gain more leverage. Use a larger pair of pliers or bolt cutters if necessary.
Do not substitute pliers for a wrench when turning bolts and nuts. Pliers cannot grip these items properly and might cause a slip and create
an accident.
Never use pliers as a hammer on the handle. Such abuse is likely to result in cracks or breaks.
Cut hardened wires only with pliers designed for that purpose.
Always cut the wires in right angle. Never rock from side to side or bend wire back and forth against the cutting edges.
Never use screwdrivers as a pry bar, chisel, and punch stirrer or scraper.
Never use screwdrivers with broken or worn-out handles. Screwdriver of these kinds should have tags to indicate that it is defective.
Never use pliers on a screwdriver for extra leverage. Only use wrench or screwdrivers specifically designed for purpose.
Do not use dull blades because they require more force, thus are more likely to slip. Replace the blade when it starts to “tear” instead of cut.
Never leave a knife unattended with the blade exposed.
Don’t bend or apply side loads to blades by using them to open cans or loosen tight cover of containers. Blades are brittle and can snap
easily.
II. MELC/Learning Competencies
LEARNING OUTCOME 1: Prepare hand tools and equipment in Technical Drafting (TLE_ICTDT7/8UT-0Bb-1)
III. TASK: Directions: Supply each blank with a correct word. Choose your answer from the given words in the box. Write your answer in your activity
sheet.
1. Maintain the __________ in the working area, especially the drawing table.
2. Avoid __________ your tools and equipment.
3. _______ off the surface and edges of triangles and T-squares before and after using them.
4. Sharpen and store your ________ properly after use.
5. Find or create an organizer where you can hang your __________tools.
6. Have a separate container for _________ tools.
7. Keep your drawing sheets in a plastic tube to protect them from a ________ and dirt.
8. Never lend or borrow ________ tools and materials if possible.
9. Pencils should be sharpened whenever they show sign of _________
10. Never use the edge of T-square and triangles to ________paper along its working edges.
11. Never use __________ as a pry bar, chisel and punch stirrer or scraper
12. The use of ___________ also imposes a great threat if there will be a malfunction.
13. Blades are _______ and can snap easily.
14. Always cut ________in right angle.
15. When using __________ , screw may slip the tip of the screw driver.
cut wipe making striking tools dust dullness screw driver
drafting drawing tools pencils Dropping brittle cleanliness
measuring wires
