This document provides an overview of 700MHz spectrum including its commercial status, main frequencies by region, and why it is important for 5G networks. Key points include: - 700MHz spectrum is being cleared for mobile use in many regions to meet targets by 2020-2027 for coverage including rural areas. - It can provide widespread coverage due to favorable propagation characteristics and is essential for applications requiring ultra-reliable communications like IoT. - Technical challenges in deploying 5G include adding new spectrum and radios to existing sites which risks exceeding space and wind loading limits. Solutions like antenna combiners and remote radio heads help overcome these challenges cost effectively.

1. 700MHz Overview
November 2020
Commercial Status
Why 700MHz?

2. Company Proprietary and Confidential
700MHz Band Status
Main Frequencies by Region
EU Member States (+ some neighbours)
• Committed to clearing 700MHz for mobile use by June 2020
• or +2 years with justification
• UK DCMS Press release 03/09/2020: “Major programme clears
700MHz spectrum of radio waves for 5G and rural mobile coverage”
• Uplink 703 – 733, Downlink 758 – 788
• ASEAN/APAC (+ many South & Central Americas)
• APT700 (B28), FDD
• Uplink 703 – 748, Downlink 758-803
• USA & Canada: US700 (B12, B29, B13) + US600
• Mix of FDD & SDL/TDD
• Uplink 698-716, Downlink 728-746
• Downlink 746-775 , Uplink 776-805
• SDL/TDD 716-728
• FirstNet (911, etc) 758-768 + 788-798
• Currently >>3k LTE capable devices support 700MHz
• Source GSA, LTE Ecosystem Report, Status Update October 2020
ITU Region
Number of
Countries
700MHz Licensed or
auction scheduled
1 - Europe 50 25
1 - MEA 32 4
2 - Americas 28 16
3 - APAC 28 10
Totals 138 55
Source: spectrummonitoring.com
Note: ITU has 193 member states

3. enhanced Mobile
Broadband
• Throughput
• Capacity
• Gigabytes in a second
Mission Critical
Communications
• Ultra Reliable
• Low Latency
massive Machine Type
Communications
• Large numbers – 1 million/km2
• Low power & cost
• Hard to reach environments
Autonomous Cars
Remote Surgery
Cloud Gaming
AR/VR
UAVs
Industrial IoT
Edge Intelligence
Smart Cities
mMTC URLLC
eMBB
Smart Home
IMT 2020 Network Goals
Emergency Services
Voice

4. Company Proprietary and Confidential
Why 700MHz?
• 5G needs spectrum across low, mid and high
frequencies to support all use cases
• Low-bands (sub-1 GHz)
• support widespread coverage
• extend 4G/5G to rural environments
• essential for Ultra Reliable communication
• support Internet of Things (IoT)/mMTC services
• Coverage, In-building penetration, low device power
consumption (longer battery life)
• 5G services will struggle to reach beyond urban centres
and deep inside buildings without this spectrum
• Moderate investment to overlay on existing
800/850/900 MHz grids
Propagation Loss vs Frequency
• Dense Urban Environment
• Antenna Height 30m

5. Company Proprietary and Confidential
T Mobile USA Nationwide 5G – 600MHz

6. 700MHz Overview
November 2020
Technical Challenges
And Solutions

7. Company Proprietary and Confidential
5G RAN Deployment Challenges
• MNOs want to deploy their 5G networks quickly
and cost-effectively
• Tough choices when considering how to overlay
the new 5G spectrum onto the legacy networks
• New sites offer the best technical solution but...
– Expensive
– Slow to deploy
• Upgrading existing sites is fast and cost effective
but…
– Space is limited
– Tower strength is a concern
• Radio Design’s solutions support fast and cost-
effective 5G RAN deployment

8. Company Proprietary and Confidential
Case Study 1: Adding 700 MHz Radio
Low Band High Band
800
RRH
2x2
700
RRH
2x2
900
BTS
2x2
• Antenna upgrade to
accommodate 700 MHz RRH
Increased
cost and
wind
loading
Low Band High Band
800
RRH
2x2
900
BTS
2x2
• Existing Site
No spare
low band
ports
High band
radios not
shown for
clarity
700
RRH
2x2
Low Band High Band
800
RRH
2x2
900
BTS
2x2
RD0696
700-800 / 900
Combiner
• Antenna sharing
using Combiner
No need to
replace
antenna
Combiner is
small,
lightweight
and low cost
✓ Lower cost
✓ Less disruption
✓ No compromise
on performance

9. Company Proprietary and Confidential
Case Study 2: Upgrading to Triple Band Radio
Low Band High Band
800
RRH
2x2
900
BTS
2x2
• Existing Site • Addition of 5G Radios
Low Band High Band
700/800/900
Triple Band
RRH
800
3.5 GHz
mMIMO
Panel
Large mMIMO
panel limits
available space
at the tower top
Feeder losses
limit uplink
performance
No space for
large, heavy
triple band RRH
at the tower top
800 700
900
700
900
Low Band High Band
700/800/900
Triple Band
RRH
800 800 700
900
700
900
3.5 GHz
mMIMO
Panel
RD0819
700 / 900
Dual Band
TMA
• Use of TMA to restore uplink
performance
Dual Band
TMA is small,
lightweight
and low cost
Uplink performance
is equivalent to RRH
installed next to
antenna
✓ Eases congestion at the
tower top
✓ No compromise on
performance
✓ Protects against feeder PIM
✓ Improves UL noise figure

10. Company Proprietary and Confidential
700 MHz Combiners
• Dual Diplexer
• 700-800 / 900 MHz
• Available with Auto
BypassTM
• Optional AISG LOC
• Dual Diplexer
• 700 / 800-900 MHz
• Available with Auto
BypassTM
• Dual Diplexer
• 400-900 / 1400-
2600 MHz
• Ultra low loss
~0.1 dB
• Quadruplexer
• 700-800 / 900 /
1800 / 2100-
2600 MHz

11. Company Proprietary and Confidential
700 MHz TMAs
• Single band 700 MHz
– Noise figure <1.3 dB
– AISG compliant RET
port
• Dual band 700 / 900 MHz
– Available with combined or
separate ANT ports
– RET port
• Dual band 700 / 800 MHz
– Downlink IL < 0.25 dB
– Excellent PIM
performance

12. © 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.
Keima – Overture
Strategic Planning
Iris Barcia, COO, Keima
Radio Design Webinar - 19th Nov 2020
700 MHz Spectrum
What does it bring to
the network?

13. © 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.
Reston, VA
Cardiff, UK
Madrid, SP
Deployable
Business
Case
* https://www.5gamericas.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/SCF-Precision-Planning-WP-FINAL-1.pdf© 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.
Keima - Overture

14. © 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.© 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.
< 6 GHz Comparison
• Similar EIRP
• Similar Antenna Type
• 700 MHz – 2100 MHz – 3.5 GHz
700 MHz
Propagation
Comparison

15. © 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.
Tuned Propagation Model
2100 MHz
© 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.

16. © 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.
Tuned Propagation Model
700 MHz
© 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.

17. © 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.
Low densification 700 MHz
~ 98% area covered
Low densification 2100 MHz
~ 89% area covered
Low densification 3600 MHz
Real network distribution, LA - Rural
© 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.

18. © 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.
High densification 700 MHz
OVERSHOOT
High densification 2100 MHz
Downtown LA - HetNet
Downtown LA - Top buildings
© 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.

19. © 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.
Optimal Network Design - Coverage and Capacity
Complex Multi-objective Function
Example from recent Austrian Auction - Sep 2020:
700 MHz licences will include coverage of 80% of 2,100
underserved communities with download speeds of 30 Mbps and 3
Mbps for upload by 2027, and 90% of federal and state roads
should get at least 10 Mbps for downloads and 1 Mbps for uploads.
TCO = f(CSE, Power, Backhaul, Site Configuration, Demand Projections, …)
Regulations and Targets
Technology
Economics

20. © 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.
LA HetNet
FR1 + FR2
© 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.

21. © 2020 Keima. All rights reserved.
Keima - Overture
Thank you