2. WHAT IS NATURAL
VEGETATION?
Natural vegetation refers to the garment
of plants and trees that exists in the area
before it is modified by man for activities
such as farming, mining, lumbering and
industrial, economic and urban
development. We need natural vegetation
because it helps us humans, and animals.
People use natural vegetation for food,
building materials, etc. Animals such as
herbivores use it for food.
5. FORESTS
A forest is an area or a part of the land
that is covered with trees and a wide
variety of plants. Not only this, forests
form a complete ecosystem that includes
various living organisms such as trees,
shrubs, plants, microorganisms, wild
animals and birds.
8. TROPICAL EVERGREEN
FOREST
These forest are also called tropical rainforest.
These thick forest occurs in the regions near the
equator and close to the tropics. These regions are
hot and receive heavy rain fall throughout the year.
As there is no particular dry season the trees do
not shed there leaves altogether. This is the reason
they are Evergreen. The thick canopies of the
closely spaced trees do no the sunlight to
penetrate inside the forest even in the day time.
Hardwood trees like rosewood, ebony, mahogany
are common here.
10. TROPICAL DECIDUOUS
FOREST
Tropical deciduous are the monsoon forest found in
the large part of India, northern Australia and in
central America. These regions experience
seasonal changes. Trees shed their leaves in the
dry season to conserve water. The hardwood trees
found in these forest are sal, teak, neem and
shisham. Hardwood trees are extremely useful for
making furniture, transport and constructional
materials. Tigers, lions, elephants, langoors and
monkeys are the common animals of these
regions.
12. TEMPERATE EVERGREEN
FOREST
The temperate evergreen forest are located in the
mid-latitudinal Coastal regions. They are commonly
found along the eastern margin of the continents
e.g. In south east USA, South China and in the
South East Brazil. They comprise both hard and
softwood trees like oak, pine and eucalyptus.
14. TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS
FOREST
As we go towards higher latitudes, there are more
temperate deciduous forest. These are found in the
northern Eastern part of the USA, China, New
Zealand, Chile and also found in the coastal
regions of Western Europe. They shed their leave
in the dry season. The common trees are oak, ash
, beech, etc. Deer, foxes, wolves are the animals
commonly found. Birds like pheasants, monals are
also found here.
16. CONIFEROUS FOREST
Coniferous forest are also called as Taiga. These
forest are also seen in the higher altitudes.
Coniferous are tall, softwood evergreen tress. The
woods of these trees are useful making pulp which
is used for manufacturing paper and newsprint.
Match box and packing boxes are also made from
softwood. Chir fox, mink, polar bear are the
common animal found there.
18. MEDITERRANEAN FOREST
Mediterranean vegetation, any scrubby, dense
vegetation composed of broad-
leaved evergreen shrubs, bushes, and small trees
usually less than 2.5 m (about 8 feet) tall and
growing in regions lying between 30° and 40° north
and south latitudes. These regions have a climate
similar to that of the Mediterranean area, which is
characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet
winters. Around the Mediterranean Sea this
vegetation is called macchie, maquis, or garigue; it
is known as chaparral in southwestern North
America, as Cape flora in southern Africa, and as
mallee in southwestern Australia.
21. WHAT ARE GRASSLANDS?
Grasslands are areas where the vegetation is
mainly grass. It is a region of flat, gently sloping
or hilly land. Prairies are almost treeless for the
most part, but near the low lying plains, flanking
river valleys, woodlands can be found. The factors
preventing establishment of such taller, woody
vegetation are varied.
24. TROPICAL GRASSLANDS
These occur on the either side of the Equator and
extend till the tropics this vegetation.
Grows in the area of moderate to low amount of
rainfall. The grasses can grow very tall, about 3-4
meters in height. They cover much of the Africa as
well as large areas of Australia, South America,
and India.. Elephant, zebras, giraffes, deer, leopard
are common in tropica grasslands. Tropical
grasslands are also home to some of the largest
land animals on earth.
26. TEMPERATE GRASSLANDS
Temperate grasslands are located in the mid-
latitudes. Temperate grasslands are home to many
large herbivore. Some of these include bison,
gazelles, zebras, rhinoceroses, and wild horses.
Temperate grasslands are composed of a rich mix
of grasses and forbs and underlain by some of the
world’s most fertile soils.
28. THORNY BUSHES
Thorny bushes are vegetation type mainly found in
desert or xerophytic areas where the concentration
of water is very less.
Thorny bushes like cacti , have thorns instead of
leaves in order to prevent the loss of water by
evaporation.
The root of thorny bushes are long so that they can
go deep into the ground to get water as they have
water scarcity.
Areas like rajasthan and some areas of gujrat have
those type of plants.
31. WILDLIFE
Wildlife is a general term for all wild, untamed
animals. An example of wildlife is a deer and a
bird that are seen along a hike. ... Animals living
and plants growing in their natural environment.
32. IMPORTANCE OF WILDLIFE
Ecological importance
Wildlife helps in maintaining the balance of nature.
Killing of carnivores leads to an increase in the number
of herbivores which in turn affect the forest vegetation,
thus due to lack of food in the forest they come out from
the forest to agriculture land and destroy our crops.
Therefore, once the equilibrium is disturbed it leads to
many problems.
Economic importance
The wild life can be used to earn money. Wild plant
products like food, medicine, timber, fibres, etc. are of
economic value and the wild animal products such as
meat, medicines, hide, ivory, lac, silk, etc. are of
tremendous economic value.
