Introduction to Earth and Life.

1. Earth & Life
Science
Grade 11
1st Semester
Prepared by: Ms. Donna Grace G. Herman

2. Earth Science
•Origin & Structure of the Earth
– Universe & The Solar System
– Earth & Earth Systems
•Earth Materials & Processes
– Minerals & Rocks
– Exogenic Processes
– Endogenic Processes
– Deformation of Crust
– History of the Earth

3. • Natural Hazards, Mitigation, & Adaptation
– Geologic Processes & Hazards
– Hydrometeorological & Hazards
– Marine & Coastal Proesses & their Effects.

4. Pre Test
1. The Universe expansion occurred about how
many years ago?
a. 100 years
b. 10 Billion years
c. 100 Billion years
d. 1 Million years

5. Pre Test
2. A system which is made up of the sun and the
heavenly bodies that move around it is known as
……
a.Lunar system c. space
b. solar system d. galaxy

6. Pre Test
3. Heavenly bodies which revolve around the sun
are called:
a. Orbits b. planets c. stars d. galaxies

7. Pre Test
4. Natural satellites of planets are:
a. Moons b. sun c. spacecraft d. hovercrafts

8. Pre Test
5. The term “Big Bang” refers to:
a.Ultimate fate of the universe
b.formation of planets
c.Supernova explosion
d.origin of the universe

9. Pre Test
6. The following planets have rings around them,
except:
a. Jupiter b. Saturn c. Uranus d. Mars

10. Pre Test
7. The correct ascending order of distance of planets
from the sun is:
a.Mars, Earth, Jupiter, Saturn
b.Earth, Mars, Saturn, Jupiter
c.Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn
d. Earth, Jupiter, Mars, Saturn

11. Pre Test
8. Which among the planets is not a gas giant?
a.Venus b. Neptune c. Saturn d. Uranus

12. Pre Test
9. Earth is the only planet in the solar system that has:
a.Clouds
b.a core
c. oceans of water
d. an atmosphere

13. Pre Test
10. The leading explanation about how the universe began is
called:
a.Universal theory
b.Solar system
c.Milky way theory
d.Big bang theory

15. Earth Science

16. Geology

18. Meteorology

19. Astronomy

23. GROUP ACTIVITY I
JUMBLED WORDS

24. AGREL

25. ASG
Unimaginable expanse of ..

26. ARSTS

27. SUDT LODUSC

28. ASPLTANE
And consist of

29. LXGAAY

30. Key Terms

31. • The Universe is at least 13.8 billion of
years old and the Earth/Solar System at
least 4.5-4.6 billions of years old.
• But how large exactly is a billion?
• How long will it take you to spend 1
billion pesos if they spend 1 peso per
second.

32. • A. 1 billion/(60 s/min*60 min/hr*24
hr/day*365days/year)
• B. ~32 years
• C. How long is 13.8 billion years?

36. THEORIES BEHIND THE
ORIGIN OF THE
UNIVERSE

37. Any explanation of the
origin of the Universe
should be consistent with
all information about its
composition, structure,
accelerating expansion,
cosmic microwave
background radiation
among others

41. 1930 Edwin Hubble

44. CREATIONIST THEORY
God created the
Universe.
Proof? Its in the
Bible.

45. OSCILLATING UNIVERSE THEORY
• George Gamow
• Expansion will
stop, return to its
original form then
another Big Bang
will occur.

46. STEADY STATE THEORY
• The Universe has
always been the
same since the
beginning and it
remain that way
forever!

47. BIG BANG THEORY
• As the currently accepted theory of the
origin and evolution of the universe, the
Big Bang Theory postulates that 13.8
billion years ago, the universe expanded
from a tiny, dense and hot mass to its
present size and much cooler state.

48. • The Big Bang Theory has withstood the
tests for expansion:
• 1) the redshift
• 2) abundance of hydrogen, helium, and
lithium, and
• 3) the uniformly pervasive cosmic
microwave background radiation-the
remnant heat from the bang.

51. 1. Describe the structure and composition of the
Universe;
2. State the different hypothesis that preceded
the Big Bang Theory of the Origin of the
Universe.
3. Explain the red-shift and how it used as proof
of an expanding universe; and
4. Explain the Big Bang Theory and evidences
supporting the theory.

52. Quiz
In a 1 whole sheet of paper, answer the
following questions as creative as possible.
You may use concept map, tables,
illustrations, and any graphic organizers.
Discuss it in your own words. Answer it
concisely. NO ERASURES.
You have 20 minutes to finish this quiz.

55. Origin of the Solar System

57. • If we want to know how the Earth
formed, we need to understand
the origin and evolution of the
Solar System.

62. Origin of the Solar System
• Any acceptable scientific thought on the origin
of the solar system has to be consistent with and
supported by information about it (e.g. large and
small scale features, composition). There will be
a need to revise currently accepted ideas should
data no longer support them.

63. Origin of the Solar System
• Rival Theories Many theories have been
proposed since about four centuries ago. Each
has weaknesses in explaining all characteristics
of the solar system. A few are discussed below.

64. Origin of the Solar System
In 1796 Marquis de Laplace, a French
astronomer, propose the nebular hypothesis:
1. Solar system evolve from slowly rotating gas
cloud.

65. Nebular Hypothesis

66. Origin of the Solar System
Cooled, rotated, formed a disk

67. Origin of the Solar System
Gravity is not enough, broke into a ring
Condensed and formed planet.

68. Origin of the Solar System
process continued until:

73. Quiz
• Write True if the statement is correct and
write False if it is Wrong.
• You have 1 minute to answer the given
questions.
• NO ERASURES.

74. QUIZ
1. All planets are located at regular intervals
from the Sun.
2. Much of the mass of the Solar System is
concentrated at the center (Sun) .
3. Gas giants are rich in hydrogen, silicon, and
iron.
4. Most planets rotate clockwise when viewed
from Earth’s North Pole.
5. Terrestrial planets have thicker atmosphere
than Gas Giants.

75. Quiz
• Give 1 Astronomical
advancement/discovery. Include
the date and its purpose. 3 points

76. QUIZ
Discuss the following hypothesis of
the origin of the solar system.
1.Nebular Hypothesis
2.Proto-planet Hypothesis
You have 5 minutes to answer.
Your answers should be concise.

77. Assignment
• Brief Report on these questions:
• 1. What is the fate of the universe? Will
the universe continue to expand or will it
eventually contract because of gravity?
• 2. What is the possibility of finding a
similar system within the Milky Way
Galaxy? What about an Earth like planet?

78. References:
• https://omicspublishinggroup.wordpress.com/2013/02/26/earth
• http://exploringspace.org/astronomy/proxima-b-the-hunt-for-pr
• www.kidsastronomy.com/nebulae.htm