Various Organizational Structures

2. Group Members
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Muhammad Zohair
B-15086
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Zohaib Hassan
B-15077

Mubasher Rasheed
B-15107

4. Organizational Structure:
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is about how to use one of the basic resource
people , and how to facilitate overcoming the
communication barriers at organizational
interfaces (Enshassi 1997)

5. 
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Structure gives members clear guidelines for
how to proceed.
Structure binds members together.
Structure in any organization is inevitable.

6. Types OF Organization Structures
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Functional Organization Structure
Project-type Organization Structure
Matrix Organization Structure

7. Functional Organization Structure
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Most Common type Of Organizational Structure.
Work Best for Small organizations.
Organization is grouped based on specialization
by functional areas.
Limited authority.
Limited Career Path.

8. Functional Organizational Structure

9. Functional Organizational Structure
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ADVANTAGES
It has high degrees of specialization.
Coordination is established
Managerial Efficiency is increased
Minimal Duplication of Efforts
Training is facilitated
Equal Weight age to All Function

10. Functional Organizational Structure
DISADVANTAGES
1. Slow response time.
2. Ignorance of Organizational Objectives.
3. Difficulty in Interdepartmental Coordination
4. Hurdle in Complete Development.
5. Conflict of Interest.
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11. Project-type Organizational Structure
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Each project is operated like a mini company.
The project type organization is well positioned
to be highly responsive to the project objectives
and customer needs.
A project type organization can be costinefficient.
In project type organization resources are not
shared.
Each project team tends to be isolated.
There may be some company wide support
functions that serve all the projects.

12. Project-type Organizational Structure
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In project type organization detailed and
accurate planning and effective control system
are required.
Project organization structures are primary in
companies.
Project organization structures are prevalent in
construction.
Project managers have a high level of
authority to manage and control the project
resources.
personnel are specifically assigned to the project
and report directly to the project manager.
The project manager is responsible for the
performance appraisal and career progression of

13. Project-type Organizational Structure

14. Project-type Organizational Structure
ADVANTAGES
1. The project manager have complete authority
and maximum control over the project.
2. The lines of Communication are strong and
Open.
3. The system is highly flexible and capable of
rapid reaction times.
4. The appraisal of employees based upon the
performance of the project.
5. The focus of the resources is towards the
achievement of the organization goals.
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15. Project-type Organizational Structure
DISADVANTAGES
1. Duplication of efforts.
2. Difficult to find a project manager having both
general management expertise and diverse
functional expertise.
3. Administrative duties of project manage may be
demanding and job could be quite stressful.
4. Due to fear of impediments in career growth
some employees may not prefer to leave their
department.
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16. Matrix Organizational Structure
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Introduction
It’s a typical organizational structure.
It’s a combination of both functional and
project type organizational structure.
In this type skills of the employees are shared
between functional department and project
management team as needed.
Generally employees work under two bosses
Authority of functional manager flow downward
Authority of the project manager flows
sideways.

17. Matrix Organizational Structure
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An organizational form in which there are multiple
lines of authority and some individuals report to at
least two managers.
This structure exist in large multi projects
organizations.
Employees are considered to be shared resources
between the project team and functional units.
Recognize the dynamic nature of the project and
allows for the changing requirements.

18. Matrix Organizational Structure

19. Matrix Organizational Structure
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Types OF Matrix organizational Structure
1.
Strong Matrix
2.
Balanced Matrix
3.
Weak Matrix

20. Matrix Organizational Structure
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Strong Matrix :
Most authority and power lies with the project
manager.
The project manager has a full time role.
Balanced Matrix:
Power is shared between functional
manager and project manager.
Project manager has full time role, he has
only part time project.

21. Matrix Organizational Structure
Weak Matrix:
1. Project manager has a part time role with
very limited power and authority.
2. This structure is very close to the functional
organization structure.
3. Functional manager controls the project
budget.
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22. Matrix Organizational Structure
ADVANTAGES
1. Facilitate quick response to changes, Conflicts
and project needs.
2. Flexibility of establishing independent policies
and procedures of each project.
3. Project manager has authority to commit
company resources.
4. Project team can get the highly skilled
personnel they require.
5. People can be selected based on skills and
suitability.
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23. Matrix Organizational Structure
DISADVANTAGES
1. Initially, more effort and time is needed to
define policies ,procedures, responsibilities
and authority relationship.
2. Employees may have to report to two bosses
which can add confusion and conflicts may
arise.
3. Sometimes unclear priorities may also confuse
the employees.