The document discusses the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve in Ukraine and the challenges it faces from global and regional change. It summarizes that the reserve faces threats from economic and political instability, climate change, overexploitation of natural resources from logging and poaching, and land use changes. It outlines strategies the reserve is taking to address these threats through proactive conservation planning. This includes expanding protected areas, monitoring driving factors and threats, and developing early warning systems to facilitate adaptive management in the context of global change impacts.

1. Carpathian Biosphere Reserve, Ukraine:
Proactive and strategic conservation
planning under regional and
global change
Juliane Geyer,
Lars Schmidt, Fedir Hamor,
Lena Strixner, Vasyl Pokynchereda,
Pierre L. Ibisch Yaroslav Dovhanych
Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development
Global Change and the World's Mountains
28th September 2010 Perth, Scotland
Mountain Biosphere Reserves as learning sites for research, adaptation and mitigation in the context of global change

2. http://www.carpathianproject.eu/portal/map/index.php
Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (UA):
Proactive and strategic conservation planning under regional and global change 2

3. Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (UA):
Proactive and strategic conservation planning under regional and global change 3

4. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/6/68/Lynx_lynx_poing.jpg
http://p-quadrat.co.at/images/wolf.jpg
Bielzia coerulans Symphytum cordatum
Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (UA):
Proactive and strategic conservation planning under regional and global change 4

5. Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (UA):
Proactive and strategic conservation planning under regional and global change 5

6. Challenges -
global and regional change ?
• Transformation, globalisation
• Economic recovery & growth
• Resource demand via global markets
+
• Unstable political situation
• Low state budget
• Decline in governmental control
• Uncontrolled land privatisation
=
• Infrastructure development – tourism
• Overexploitation of natural resources
(forest)
• Illegal logging & poaching
Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (UA):
Proactive and strategic conservation planning under regional and global change 6

7. Challenges -
global and regional change
Regional socio-economic and demographic
changes
• decline in industrial and agricultural output
 unemployment, low wages and work migration
subsistance farming abandonment of
traditional land use
Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (UA):
Proactive and strategic conservation planning under regional and global change 7

8. Precipitation
Challenges - Annual temperature
global and regional change
• Climate change
– extreme events – heavy rains, droughts
– calamities and diseases, esp. in spruce monocultures
– warmer winters, less snow
– forest succession of alpine grasslands
Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (UA):
Proactive and strategic conservation planning under regional and global change 8

9. Open
Standards
for the
Practice of
Conservation
Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (UA):
Proactive and strategic conservation planning under regional and global change 9

10. Conservation
Driving factors Direct threats
targets
High
(increasing) Logging Forest
wood demand
Strategy Ecosystems
Economic and Weaknesses of
political situation forestry organisation Illegal logging
of Ukraine and practice
Alpine
Strategy Lacking legal basis grasslands
for protection
Climate change
Uncontrolled
Insufficient Tourism
infrastructure Large
land-use planning activities
development mammals and
Strategy birds of prey
Governance
weaknesses
Hunting Water
Strategy and riperian
ecosystems
Subsistence of
local population
Poaching
Habitat Cave
fragmentation ecosystems
Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (UA):
Proactive and strategic conservation planning under regional and global change 10

11. But…
All our knowledge is about and/or based on the past... but all our
decisions are about the future!
• Changes!
• Future analysis of driving factors
• Look back
• Adapt scope, targets & strategies
• Monitoring & early warning system Future
Past Future
Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (UA):
Proactive and strategic conservation planning under regional and global change 11

12. Old-growth forest conservation 38%
protected
by CBR
62% (14500ha)
unprotected
(24000ha)
Unsustainable
Forest carbon stocks
logging CO2 ‘savings‘
High Economic
No legal basis
(increasing) autonomy
for protection
wood demand of SFEs
Voluntary Time
carbon credit
scheme
Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (UA):
Proactive and strategic conservation planning under regional and global change 12

13. Thank you!
juliane.geyer@hnee.de ♦ cbr-rakhiv@ukr.net
http://cbr.nature.org.ua/