Ch18 lecture 3e

This lecture will help you understand: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Central Case: Rising seas may flood the Maldives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Our dynamic climate ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What is climate change? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Sun and atmosphere keep the Earth warm ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Greenhouse gases warm the lower atmosphere ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The greenhouse effect ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Carbon dioxide is of primary concern ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What caused levels of CO 2 to increase? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Other greenhouse gases add to warming ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

U.S. emissions of major greenhouse gases

Aerosols may exert a cooling effect ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Radiative forcing expresses change in energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Milankovitch cycles influence climate ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Solar output and ocean absorption influence climate ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Ocean circulation and ENSO influence climate ,[object Object],[object Object]

El Ni ñ o ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

La Ni ñ a events ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Thermohaline circulation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

NADW is vulnerable ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Proxy indicators tell us about the past

More proxy indicators ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Direct atmospheric sampling tells us about the present ,[object Object]

Models help us understand climate ,[object Object],[object Object]

Results from three simulations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Current and future trends and impacts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The fourth assessment report ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Temperature increases will continue ,[object Object]

Temperature changes are greatest in the Arctic ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Temperatures will rise 0.2 degree Celsius per decade ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Changes in precipitation vary by region ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Projected changes in precipitation

Melting snow and ice ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Worldwide, glaciers are melting rapidly

Rising sea levels ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Coastal areas will flood ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Climate change affects organisms and ecosystems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Climate change exerts societal impacts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Climate change affects economics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Causes and consequences of climate change

U.S. Global Change Research Program (1990) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Predictions from two models By 2030, Illinois will have a climate like Missouri’s. By 2090, it will have a climate like Oklahoma’s. Green = Canadian model Blue = Hadley model

The USGCRP was suppressed ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Are we responsible for climate change? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The debate over climate change is over ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Shall we pursue mitigation or adaptation? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

We need to act fast ,[object Object]

Electricity generation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A coal-fired, electricity-generating power plant

Sources of electricity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Transportation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Conventional cars are inefficient

We can reduce emissions in other ways, too ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

We need to follow multiple strategies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Government mandates or market incentives? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The FCCC ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Kyoto Protocol seeks to limit emissions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Advancing climate change policy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Market mechanisms address climate change ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Carbon offsets are in vogue ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

You can reduce your own footprint ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

QUESTION: Review ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

QUESTION: Weighing the Issues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

QUESTION: Interpreting Graphs and Data ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Ch18 lecture 3e

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