This document discusses the principles and clinical applications of chemiluminescent assays. Chemiluminescence involves the emission of light from a chemical reaction and can be enhanced through the use of enzymes like horseradish peroxidase. Chemiluminescent assays are commonly used for immunoassays and have higher sensitivity than ELISA or radioimmunoassays. The document outlines the mechanisms and substrates involved in chemiluminescence and lists many clinical applications for measuring markers of thyroid function, tumor progression, anemia, cardiac function, hormone levels, therapeutic drug monitoring, hepatitis, and diabetes.
7. ● The widely used enzymes for luminescent immunoassays
are AP(Alkaline phosphatase) and HRP(Horseradish
peroxidase) and pyruvate kinase(in bioluminescence)
AMPPD
Alkaline phosphatase
m-AMPD
(m-MOB-)*=m-oxybenzoate anion
M-MOB- + hv(Light)
● The suitable substrates for luminescent immunoassays
include (i) luminol (ii) acridine esters (iii)Isoluminol
(iv)Luciferin (v)AMPPD
11. Chemilluminescent
Assay
ELISA Radioimmunoassay
No stop solution
Stop solution required
(not in kinetic assay)
No stop solution
Higher sensitivity Less sensitive(stray
light)
Less sensitive(?)
No light source(Filter) Light source needed No light source