Drug Regulatory Framework, Drug Approval Process,Patent

1. REGULATORY TREND OF PHARMACEUTICALS IN “BRIC” COUNTRIES Shivam Vashisth M Pharmacy 2nd Year M.D University, Rohtak Guided By Professor Dr. Arun Nanda HOD & Dean, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M.D University, Rohtak

2. AIM OF RESEARCH WORK Drug Regulatory Framework in BRIC countries. Drug Approval Process in BRIC countries. Patent Regime of Drugs in BRIC countries.

4. BRIC+ Mexico Turkey and South Korea contributed more than half of the global market growth in 2009 and is expected to have a sustained average growth of 40% by 2013. On the other hand global pharmaceutical market showed growth between 2.5-3% in 2009.

6. With GDP of between US$2-4 trillion in 2008, Brazil, Russia, and India are each expected to add US$5-15 billion to the pharmaceutical market through 2013.

7. India is the 4th largest generic pharmaceutical market in the world and is consistently achieving a growth rate of 9% over the last 5 years.

9. Decline in R & D productivity.

10. Availability of patient population in emerging markets.

11. R & D resources availability.

13. In India drugs are regulated both at central and state level At the central level CDSCO(Central Drug Standard Control organization) under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare is responsible for approving new drug, clinical trials, and licensing of drugs.

14. At the state level state drug regulatory authorities issues licences to manufacture approved drugs and to monitor the quality of drugs along with CDSCO.

17. The DCGI (Drug Controller, India) is the main personality of CDSCO responsible for approving new drugs, clinical trials, Licensing and to ensure quality, safety and efficacy of pharmaceuticals in India.

22. MAJOR LAWS RESPONSIBLE FOR DRUG REGULATION

23. MAIN SCEDULES TO THE DRUGS AND COSMETIC ACT, 1940 & RULES 1945

24. RULES GOVERNING REGISTRATION OF DRUGS IN INDIA

25. NEW DRUG DEFINFITION (122E) NOT USED IN THE COUNTRY. APPROVED DRUG - 1. NEW CLAIMS (Indications, Dosage, Dosage form, Route) 2. FDCs ( New or Modified) ALL VACCINES SHALL BE CONSIDERED AS NEW DRUG AS SPECIFIED BY LICENSING AUTHORITY. NOTE:- A NEW DRUG IS CONSIDERED NEW FOR THE PERIOD OF 4 YEARS FROM THE DATE OF ITS FIRST APPROVAL OR ITS INCLUSION IN THE INDIAN PHARMACOPOEIA.

27. Chemical and pharmaceutical information

28. Animal pharmacology data

29. Animal toxicology data

30. Regulatory status in other countries, if available

32. TYPES OF IND APPLICATION IN INDIA CATEGORY-A These includes clinical trials whose protocols have been approved by USA, UK, Switzerland, EMEA, Japan, Australia, Canada, Germany, South Africa. These are also known as Abbreviated INDs. Category-A applications are approved within 3-4 weeks of filling. CATEGORY-B All other clinical trials not Covered under category-A will fall under Category-B, and will be reviewed normally defined earlier. Most phase-1 clinical trials are reviewed as Category-B applications. Category-B applications are approved with in 8-12 weeks.

33. CLINICAL TRIAL REQUIREMENTS For new drugs discovered in India, clinical trials should be carried out right from Phase-1 to Phase-3. Phase-1 trials are not allowed for the new drugs discovered in other countries untill of special relevance to health in India. The data related to safety and efficacy of the drug can be accepted from other countries if the drug is applicable in treating serious diseases. For drugs indicated in life threatening/serious diseases or disease of special relevance to the Indian health scenario, the toxicological and clinical data requirements may be abbreviated, deferred or omitted.

35. SCHEDULE-Y, Ammended Version 2005.

36. GCP Guidelines as per CDSCO.

37. ICMR Guidelines , 2006. (Revised)

38. GLP Guidelines as per CDSCO.

39. BIOAVAILABILTY & BIOEQUIVALANCE Guidance.

41. PHASE-2 TRIALS (Therapeutic Explanatory Trials)- To determine the effectiveness and safety of the drug for a particular indication.

42. PHASE-3 TRIALS (Therapeutic Confirmatory Trials)- To confirm the therapeutic benefits of the drug. The results must support the prescribing information.

45. Module-1 Administrative and Prescribing information

46. Module-2 Summary of Module-1,2 and 3

47. Module-3 Quality section

48. Module-4 Non-Clinical study Report

50. Data Protection

51. REFERENCES Sreeharan.N, Sykes.A.K. Pharmaceutical medicine in the Emerging Markets In: John P.Griffin, editor. The Textbook of Pharmaceutical Medicine. 6th ed. London: A John Wiley & BMJI Publication. 2009. P. 641-55 (cited 2010 Aug10). Available from: URL: http://pharma-books. blogspot.com /2010 / 02 /textbook-of-pharmaceutical-medicine.html. CDSCO (cited 2010 Aug 2). Available from: URL: http://cdsco.nic.in/ Drugs and Cosmetic Act, 1940 and Rules, 1945. www.cdsco.nic.in/html/ Drugs & Cosmetic Act.pdf (cited 2010 Sept 11). Schedule Y, CDSCO, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, January 2005 (cited 2010 Oct 4) Available from website www.cdsco.nic.in.

52. REFERENCES Indian Patent Amendment Act, 2005, Ministry Laws and Justice. (cited 2010 Oct 14) Available from:URL: www.patentoffice .nic.in /ipr/ patent/ patent_ 2005.pdf. Dr. Surinder Singh, DCGI, India.”National Drug Authorities-Its Structure and Activities”. Seminar on Clinical Trials: The Heart of Medical Science on 4th November, 2008 at Assocham House, New Delhi. Available from: URL:http://www.scribd. com/doc/20538766/Dr-Surinder-Singh-1 (cited 2010 Sept 18). Guidance for Industry on Preparation of Common Technical Document for Import/ Manufacture and Marketing Approval of New Drugs for Human Use (New Drug Application-NDA). Published on 2010 Oct 28 by CDSCO. Available from: URL: http://cdsco.nic.in/CTD_Guidance%20-Final.pdf (cited 2010 Dec 10).

53. REFERENCES Ram.P. “India s New “TRIPS-Compliant” Patent Regime between Drug Patents and the Right to Health”. Chicago-Kent Journal of Intellectual Property. 2006 (cited 2010 Oct 22). Available from: URL: ip.kentlaw.edu/.../5%20Chi-Kent %20 J%20 Intell %20 Prop %20195.pdf. Satwant Reddy Committee. “Report on Steps to be taken by Government of India in the context of Data Provisions of Article 39.3 of TRIPS Agreement”. 2007 5 30 (cited 2010 Oct 20). Available from: URL: chemicals.nic.in/DPBooklet.pdf. Requirements for Patent Law and Practice (cited 2010 Aug 30). Available from: URL: http://www.indiaip.com/india/patents/filling/Filling.htm.

54. ANY QUESTIONS ?

55. THANKS FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION