Research in Liveness Detection

1. Nadpis 1
Nadpis 2
Nadpis 3
Jméno Příjmení
Vysoké učení technické v Brně, Fakulta informačních technologií v Brně
Božetěchova 2, 612 66 Brno
jmeno@fit.vutbr.cz
99.99.2008
Research in Liveness Detection
Martin Drahanský
Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Information Technology
Božetěchova 2, 612 66 Brno, Czech Republic
http://www.fit.vutbr.cz/~drahan
drahan@fit.vutbr.cz
April 11, 2015© Presentation with copyright (Security Session 2015)

2. Technologies of fingerprint sensors
Research in Liveness Detection
• Optical technology
• Capacitive technology
• Ultrasound technology
• E-field technology
• Electro-optical technology
• Pressure sensitive technology
• Thermal technology
2/29

3. Technologies of fingerprint sensors
Research in Liveness Detection
• Optical technology
• Capacitive technology
• Ultrasound technology
• E-field technology
• Electro-optical technology
• Pressure sensitive technology
• Thermal technology
2/29

4. Technologies of fingerprint sensors
Research in Liveness Detection
• Optical technology
• Capacitive technology
• Ultrasound technology
• E-field technology
• Electro-optical technology
• Pressure sensitive technology
• Thermal technology
2/29

5. How to produce a fake finger(print)?
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
P l a y v i d e o
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6. Perspiration
• Clarkson/Virginia universities
• 600 sweat glands in 1 inch2
• Duration approx. 5 seconds
• High intra-class variability
Time
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7. Spectroscopic characteristics
Illumination
Imaging
Spectroscopic
Spoof Detector
Classical FTIR Principle
• Lumidigm Ltd.(Albuquerque)
• Clones: TST Biometrics GmbH, Sagem Morpho etc.
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8. Ultrasonic technology
• Ultra-Scan / Optel
Sound wave
pulse transmission
Sound wave echos,
captured to produce images:
Echo #1
Echo #2
Echo #3
Desired image depth
is selected by range gate
Ridge
structure
Air gap or
contamination
Platen
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9. Temperature + Hot & cold stimulus
• Temperature
• Hot and cold stimulus
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10. Pressure stimulus
• National utility model ÚPV-19364
• Ridge elasticity
• 20%
• Change of color (RGB)
• G ~ 42
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11. Pulsation of pixels
• Using RGB, each channel
shown tiny pulsation
• Could be used for mobile
devices
• Only transparent finger
fakes could be used, all
other do not work
• Our patent
ÚPV-304801
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12. Electrical properties
• Bio-impedance
• Resistance / Conductivity
ohm
0 200 400 600 800 1000
kΩ
L_Thumb
L_Index
L_Middle
L_Ring
L_Little
R_Thumb
R_Index
R_Middle
R_Ring
R_Little
Finger
Measurement with DC low voltage
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13. Pulse I.
• Heart activity
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14. Pulse II.
• International patent WO/2007/036370
• National patent pending; new approach in
preparation
Common optical
fingerprint scanner
High resolution
camera with
macro-objective
Laser distance
measurement
module
Option
1
Option 2
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15. Pulse III.
• Macroobjective I.
Glass
Finger (front view)
Macro-objective
CCD camera
CCDcameraSemi-permeable
mirror
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16. Pulse IV.
• Macroobjective II.
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97 103 109 115 121 127 133 139 145 151 157 163 169 175 181 187 193 199 205 211 217
Image number
Distancechange[pix.]
Real heart beats: 76 / min
23 peaks in 15 sec correspond to 92 heart beats in 1 min
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17. Pulse V.
• Laser I.
CCD camera
Finger
(front view)
Glass
Laser
module
Glass
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18. Pulse VI.
1.9 subdiv
6subdiv
25 periodical runs in 20 seconds
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75 heart beats in 1 min. (this method)
77 heart beats in 1 min. (tonometer)

19. Troubles during scanning process
BergdataFCAT-100
Earth dust
Veridicom5th
Sense
Metallic dust Fine sand Oiled finger
BergdataFCAT-100
About -10°C
Veridicom5th
Sense
About +50°C
• Change of temperature and/or humidity
• Dry or wet fingers
• Dirt on sensor area
• Dirt on fingertip surface
• Blurred images
• Change of pressure
• Latent fingerprints etc.
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20. Experiments with real fingers and fakes
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21. Skin diseases I.
• Histopathological changes
• Changes of skin color
• Histopathological and skin color changes
Staphylococcal abscess
Eczema
Pyogenic
granuloma Scleroderma
HFM
Endocarditis
Tinea
Hyperkeratosis
Eczematous
inflammation Irritant dermatitis Pompholyx
Psoriasis
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22. Skin diseases II.
Project COST
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23. Finger veins – Principle
Veins
Arteries
Absorption
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24. Finger veins – Our Pre-α-Prototype
IR LEDs
Black-Box with a small door
IR-Filter
Camera Sony (VGA, Low-Lux)
Screwdriver
Missing: Polarization-Filter
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25. Finger veins – Acquired image
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26. Finger veins – Image processing
a) b) c) d) e) f)
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27. Eye iris and eye retina – Basic principles
• One device for acquirement of eye iris and
eye retina → possible ways of use are for
biometrics and ophthalmology
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28. Anti-spoofing in 3D face recognition
• We use printed and cut 3D face fakes
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29. Anti-spoofing in thermo-face recognition
FLIR ThermaCAM E300
Optris PI200
http://astro.swarthmore.edu/ir/ir_basics.html
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30. Skalský dvůr 2009 30
Thank you for your attention.