Invention or technical innovation can be taught. This is an introduction to an interesting thought process invented by Genrich Altschuller called "Theory of Inventive Problem Solving" or TRIZ.

1. Systematic Innovation An Introduction to TRIZ Revision Date June 07 2007 Ingersoll-Rand Security Technologies New Product Development Design For Six Sigma by Ray Balisnomo

2. Roadmap: TRIZ (Systematic Innovation)

10. *Man-made Diamonds How Do You Split Imperfect Diamond * Crystals Without Creating More Fractures?

16. Converting the Inventive Process To a Normal Engineering Process My Problem Standard Problem Standard Solution Specific Solution

17. Converting the Inventive Process To a Normal Engineering Process 3x 2 +5x+2=0 ax 2 +bx+c=0 x= (-b ±(b 2 -4ac) 1/2 ) x= -1, -2/3 My Problem Standard Problem Standard Solution My Solution 1 2a

19. Innovative Situation Questionnaire Start Here The first step in your transformation process begins with the gathering of all the relevant information about your problem. The information will be collected and organized using the Innovation Situation Questionnaire ( ISQ ). Problem solvers often say “a problem well-defined is half solved.”

21. Innovation Situation Questionnaire (ISQ) Problem: Removing a Screw From a Bone

35. Problem Formulation: Furnace Problem Extract Metal Melting Ore Is required for Is required for High Temp PUF

36. Problem Formulation: Furnace Problem Extract Metal Melting Ore Is required for Is required for High Temp Over Heating Causes PUF

37. Problem Formulation: Furnace Problem Extract Metal Melting Ore Is required for Is required for High Temp Over Heating Cool Wall Causes PUF Eliminates

38. Problem Formulation: Furnace Problem Extract Metal Melting Ore Is required for Is required for High Temp Over Heating Cool Wall Move Water Is required for Causes PUF Eliminates

39. Problem Formulation: Furnace Problem Extract Metal Melting Ore Is required for Is required for High Temp Over Heating Cool Wall Move Water Pump Water Is required for Is required for Causes PUF Eliminates

40. Problem Formulation: Furnace Problem Extract Metal Melting Ore Is required for Is required for High Temp Over Heating Cool Wall Move Water Pump Water High Pressure Is required for Is required for Is required for Causes PUF Eliminates

41. Problem Formulation: Furnace Problem Extract Metal Melting Ore Is required for Is required for High Temp Over Heating Cool Wall Move Water Pump Water High Pressure Leak Is required for Is required for Is required for Causes PUF Eliminates

42. Problem Formulation: Furnace Problem Extract Metal Melting Ore Is required for Is required for High Temp Over Heating Cool Wall Move Water Pump Water High Pressure Water Leak Crack in Pipe Is required for Is required for Is required for Causes Causes Causes PUF Eliminates

43. Problem Formulation: Furnace Problem Extract Metal Melting Ore Is required for Is required for High Temp Over Heating Cool Wall Move Water Pump Water High Pressure Water Leak Explosion Crack in Pipe Is required for Is required for Is required for Causes Causes Causes Causes PUF Eliminates PHF

44. Problem Formulation: Furnace Problem

45. 1a. Find a way to eliminate, reduce, or prevent Explosion under the condition of Leakage of Water Into Furnace 1b. Find a way to benefit from Explosion

46. 2a. Find a way to eliminate, reduce, or prevent Leakage of Water Into Furnace under the condition of High Pressure and Cracks in Pipe 2b. Find a way to benefit from Leakage of Water Into Furnace

47. 3a. Find an alternative way of High Pressure that provides Pumping Water Through Pipe and does not Cause Leakage of Water Into Furnace 3b. Find a way to enhance High Pressure 3c. Find a way to resolve contradiction: High Pressure should provide Pumping Water , and should not cause Leakage of Water Into Furnace

48. 4a. Find an alternative way of Pumping Water Through Pipe that provides Moving Water Through Pipe and does not Require High Pressure 4b. Find a way to enhance Pumping Water Through Pipe

49. 5a. Find an alternative way of Moving Water Through Pipe that provides Cooling Furnace Walls and does not Require Pumping Water Through Pipe 5b. Find a way to enhance Moving Water Through Pipe

50. 6a. Find an alternative way of Cooling Furnace Walls that Eliminates Overheating Furnace Walls and does not Require Moving Water Through Pipe 6b. Find a way to enhance Cooling Furnace Walls

51. 7a. Find a way to eliminate, reduce, or prevent Overheating Furnace Walls under the condition of High Temperature and does not require Cooling Furnace Walls 7b. Find a way to benefit from Overheating

52. 8a. Find an alternative way of High Temperature that provides Melting Ore and does not Cause Overheating Furnace Walls 8b. Find a way to enhance High Temperature 8c. Find a way to resolve contradiction: High Temperature should provide Melting Ore , and should not cause Overheating Furnace Walls

53. 9a. Find an alternative way of Melting Ore that provides Extracting Metal and does not Require High Temperature 9b. Find a way to enhance Melting Ore

54. 10a. Find an alternative way of Extracting Metal that does not Require Melting Ore 10b. Find a way to enhance Extracting Metal

55. 11a. Find a way to eliminate, reduce, or prevent Cracks In Pipe 11b. Find a way to benefit from Cracks In Pipe

57. A Well-formulated Problem is a Problem That’s Nearly Solved 2a. Find a way to eliminate, reduce, or prevent Leakage of Water Into Furnace under the condition of High Pressure and Cracks in Pipe Problem Statement: Possible Solution: Why does water leak when there is high pressure and a crack in the pipe? Because pressure outside the pipe is less than inside the pipe. Therefore, if the pressure inside the pipe where less than the pressure outside, there would be no leak? Is this possible? Yes, by using a vacuum pump to move the water.

58. A Well-formulated Problem is a Problem That’s Nearly Solved Problem Statement: Possible Solution: This problem statement suggests looking for non-heating processes. A chemical process might be possible. 9a. Find an alternative way of Melting Ore that provides Extracting Metal and does not Require High Temperature

59. Formulating the Screw Removal Problem Is required for Primary Useful Function Primary Harmful Function Notice that the PHF is linked to the PUF.

64. Picking A Tool Technical Contradiction Analysis Ideal Design Type of Tool Knowledge-based Analytic Strength Fast & simple to use. Offers recommendations for 1201 contradictions Establishes a vision for the future. Offers guidelines for directions to pursue. Works for new systems. Weakness The problem must be forced into the 39 Parameters, must be an existing system or must present a technical contradiction. Concepts are very general and limited. The guidelines are general. Very dependent on experience and knowledge. Good For Problems defined as contradictions that fit the format of 39 Parameters… problems that are technical contradictions. Stimulating non-traditional thinking

66. The Contradiction Table Improving the Normal Problem Solving Process “ Almost all men are intelligent. It is the method they lack.” - F.W. Nicol -

71. Principle 4 -- Asymmetry … but since machines rotate, the load on the mounts is actually asymmetrical. To reduce weight and conserve material, mounts of nonreversible units should be designed to support only the loads they must bear.

72. QFD and TRIZ Compliment Each Other If there is a negative or strong negative impact between performance measures, the design must be compromised unless the negative impact is designed out. TRIZ is a tool that might be able to resolve conflicts in the design, as captured in the roof of the QFD.

74. Technical Contradictions: Bone Screw Example 2. Extraction 18. Mechanical vibration 37. Thermal expansion

76. Technical Contradictions: Bone Screw Example Use the bone’s resonance frequency to help loosen the screw for easier removal. Small micro-vibrations, effective for loosening a rusted bolt, could work for the screw. Ultrasound could be directed to the thread area of the screw. However, the patient felt this proposal was too risky. Cool the screw to reduce its diameter – this means the development of a new freezing-screw-removal tool. Principle 18 – Mechanical Vibration Principle 37 – Thermal Expansion ? Principle 2 – Extraction

81. Using the Contradiction Table: A Case Study Top 5 Most Frequent Recommendations A tally of the principles used in all of the contradictions suggests looking at those that occur most frequently. The top five are listed above.

94. The Ideal System “ Technical skill is mastery of complexity while creativity is mastery of simplicity.” - E. Christopher Zeeman (1925-) Catastrophe Theory, 1977.

98. A Case Approaching the Ideal Design To generate electricity, a device with no moving parts was placed on a wood burning stove. It included fins which were cooled to provide the temperature differential.

99. An Ideal Container is No Container A test compares the resistance of different alloys to an acid. The specimens are placed in a CLOSED, acid filled container. After a predetermined time, the container is opened. The effect of the acid on the specimen is measured. Unfortunately, the acid damages the container walls.

100. An Ideal Container is No Container The ideal design has a specimen exposed to the acid without requiring the use of a container. The transformed problem is to find a way to keep the acid in contact with the specimen without a container. Some of the resources are the specimen, air, gravity, adhesion, etc…

101. An Ideal Container is No Container The solution is to make the container out of the alloy specimen. As an added bonus, we can increase the number of specimens because we’re no longer limited by the size of the container.

103. 1. Exclude Auxiliary Functions Painting metal parts with conventional paint releases dangerous fumes from the paint solvents. An electrostatic field can be used to coat metal parts with powdered paint. After the powder is applied, the part is heated and the powder melts. A finished coat of paint is thus produced without solvent.

104. 2. Exclude Elements Work pieces that cannot tolerate high temperatures can be joined together by chemical welding. A regent that reacts with both work pieces is used to form the desired weld.

105. 3. Identify Self-Service A pendulum can be used to turn rotors during transportation of heavy machinery. A load (pendulum) is attached to the rotor shaft and connected to a ratchet that allows movement in only one direction. The force from the shock causes the pendulum to swing up and, as it returns, turns the ratchet, thus forcing the rotor to turn.

106. 4. Replace, elements, parts, or total systems The traction of aircraft tires during landing is uncertain in rainy weather. To get up-to-the-minute data on landing gear traction, a test vehicle can be fitted with a wheel that simulates the operation of a landing gear wheel. As the test car moves across the runway, a portable computer processes transducer signals from the test wheel. The results are radioed back to landing planes.

107. 5. Change the Principle of Operation Hot, soft-sheet glass tends to sag between the rollers as the sheet moves on a conveyor. The ideal system has no sagging. If the rollers were smaller, the sag would decrease. What’s the smallest roller? A molecule. A TRIZ solution is to convey the hot sheet and keep it flat, floating it on a pool of molten tin.

108. 6. Utilizing Resources To prevent pollution, exhaust gas from thermal power stations is treated with alkaline chemicals. The alkaline slag is itself recovered from coal burning coal power stations, where the slag had also been a source of pollution. By using the alkaline wastewater (from cleaning slag) to treat exhaust gases, two harmful effects are used to neutralize each other.

109. 6. Utilizing Resources During the manufacture of industrial ceramic vessels having irregular form and narrow necks, the wall thickness of the vessels must be measured. To accomplish this the vessel is filled with water. One electrode of the ohm meter is immersed in the water; the other contacts the external surface of the vessel. A measurement of the resistance is proportional to the thickness of the vessel wall.

110. 6. Utilizing Resources Restaurants use large quantities of soap for washing dishes. To conserve soap, the utensils can be soaked in sodium bicarbonate before washing. Bits of fat on the utensils react with the bicarbonate, forming salts of fatty acids – in other words, soap. A soapy film now covers the utensils most in need of cleaning, and less soap is necessary.

128. The End … Any Questions? G. Altshuller – the father of TRIZ