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Formal Logic Mathematical Structures for Computer Science Chapter 1 Copyright  © 2006 W.H. Freeman & Co., Modified by David Hyland-Wood to correct errors in the original Formal Logic
Logic: The foundation of reasoning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies
Logic: The foundation of reasoning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies
Statement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies
Statements and Logic ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies
Statements and Logical Connectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies
Statements and Logical Connectives ,[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies
Definitions for Logical Connectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies
Definitions for Logical Connectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies
Another form of  implication ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies A B A  B T T T T F F F T T F F T A A  B A   V B T F T T T F F F F T T T F T F T
Definitions for Logical Connectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies A B A  B B  A (A    B) Λ (B    A) T T T T T T F F T F F T T F F F F T T T
Definitions for Logical Connectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies
Truth Tables ,[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies A A  T F F T A B A  Λ B T T T T F F F T F F F F A B A  V B T T T T F T F T T F F F A B A  B T T T T F F F T T F F T A B A  B T T T T F F F T F F F T
Well Formed Formula (wff) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies
Well Formed Formula (wff) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies
Truth Tables for some wffs ,[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies A B B  A V B  A V B (A V B)  A V B      (A V B)  T T F T T F F T F T T T F F F T F F T F T F F T T F T T
Wff with  n  statement letters ,[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies
Tautology and Contradiction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies
Tautological Equivalences ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies A B C A V B B V C (A V B) V C A V (B V C) T T T T T T T T T F T T T T T F T T T T T T F F T F T T F T T T T T T F T F T T T T F F T F T T T F F F F F F F
Some Common Equivalences ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies Commutative A V B    B V A A  Λ  B    B  Λ  A Associative (A V B) V C     A V (B V C) (A Λ B) Λ C     A Λ (B Λ C) Distributive A V (B Λ C)     (A V B) Λ (A V C) A Λ (B V C)     (A Λ B) V (A Λ C) Identity A V 0    A A  Λ 1     A Complement A V A      1 A  Λ  A      0
De Morgan’s Laws ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies A B A  B  A V B (A V B)  A   Λ B  T T F F T F F T F F T T F F F T T F T F F F F T T F T T
Algorithm ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies
Pseudocode example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies
Tautology Test Algorithm ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Section 1.1 Statements, Symbolic Representations and  Tautologies

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CPSC 125 Ch 1 sec 1

  • 1. Formal Logic Mathematical Structures for Computer Science Chapter 1 Copyright © 2006 W.H. Freeman & Co., Modified by David Hyland-Wood to correct errors in the original Formal Logic
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Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. Remember these! You will need them when doing proofs!
  2. Relate to Turing’s Halting Problem