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PRODUCT LAUNCH
 PRESENTATION
   MARCH 2009




                           50% flowable copper
                      formulation for the correction of copper
                 deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops
A new addition, to the Activist range of
       Rapid Uptake & Sustained Release
         high analysis suspension fertilisers




  Activist Zinc                      Activist MAX zinc                     Activist MAG-FLO
Launched, mid-2007                    Launched, mid-2008                    Launched, late-2008
                                                                                                               50% flowable copper
                                                                                                          formulation for the correction of copper
                                                                                                     deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops



                                                                                                         Analysis           Australia (w/v%)

                                                                                                         Copper (Cu)                50.0

                                                                                                         Nitrogen (N)               6.9




2009
                                                            50% flowable copper
                                                       formulation for the correction of copper
                       Activist RED               deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops
                     Launched, early-2009
AGENDA
•	 Role of copper in plant growth
•	 Copper deficiency symptoms
•	 Nitrogen induced copper deficiency
•	 Broadacre crop copper removal figures
•	 Activist - foliar nutrition technology
•	 Key benefits                                       50% flowable copper
                                                 formulation for the correction of copper
                                            deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops
•	 Comparative copper analysis
                                                Analysis           Australia (w/v%)
•	 Field trial results
                                                Copper (Cu)                50.0

•	 Field trial - Coonalpyn wheat                Nitrogen (N)               6.9


•	 Application rates and information
•	 Summary
•	 Additional information
Role of Copper in plant growth
            COPPER is essential for the
            production of key enzymes
            responsible for photosynthesis




                                               INCREASING COPPER DEFICIENCY SEVERITY
                    COPPER is essential                                                COPPER is generally
                    for fruit and grain
                                                                                       considered to be an
                    setting and filling
                                                                                       immobile plant nutrient and
                                                                                       is therefore, unable to be
                                                                                       readily translocated from the                 50% flowable copper
                                                                                                                                formulation for the correction of copper
                                                                                                                           deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops

                                                                                       older leaves to the growing
                                                                                                                               Analysis           Australia (w/v%)
                                                                                       tips.
                                                                                                                               Copper (Cu)                50.0
            COPPER is essential for the
            production of lignin, leading                                                                                      Nitrogen (N)               6.9
            to reduced lodging
                                                                                       TIP: To identify Copper
                                                                                       deficiency, look at the new
                                                                                       leaves first - in particular look
                   COPPER leads to increased
                   lignification, enhancing                                            for stunted growth.
                   resistance to nematodes
                   and root diseases.

                                               Copper deficiency symptoms
                                               are usually found in younger leaves
Role of Copper in plant growth

                                   COPPER is essential
                                   for fruit and grain
                                   setting and filling




                                                             INCREASING COPPER DEFICIENCY SEVERITY
                                                                                                     COPPER is generally
                                                                                                     considered to be an
                                                                                                     immobile plant nutrient and
                                                                                                     is therefore, unable to be
    Copper deficiency in wheat
                                                                                                     readily translocated from the                 50% flowable copper
                                                                                                                                              formulation for the correction of copper
                                                                                                                                         deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops

                                                                                                     older leaves to the growing
                                                                                                                                             Analysis           Australia (w/v%)
                                   COPPER is essential for                                           tips.
                                   the production of key-                                                                                    Copper (Cu)                50.0
                                   enzymes responsible for                                                                                   Nitrogen (N)               6.9
                                   photosynthesis
                                                                                                     TIP: To identify Copper
                                                                                                     deficiency, look at the new
                                                                                                     leaves first - in particular look
                                                                                                     for stunted growth.

Copper deficient asian vegetable
                                                             Copper deficiency symptoms
                                                             are usually found in younger leaves
COPPER DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS
Common in a wide range of crops

                           Legume                                                  Cereal




                                                                                                                        50% flowable copper
                                                                                                                   formulation for the correction of copper
                                                                                                              deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops



                                                                                                                  Analysis           Australia (w/v%)
     Image from - Micronutrients for Sustainable Food, Feed, Fibre and Bioen-
     ergy Production - IFA, 2008
                                                                                                                  Copper (Cu)                50.0
                          Copper deficient Peanut plant                         Copper deficient Wheat crop
                                                                                                                  Nitrogen (N)               6.9


Common copper deficiency symptoms include:
•	      scorching of leaf tips
•	      deformed new growth
•	      pale-yellowing of shoots
•	      twisting intertwined growth
•	      severe lodging in cereals
•	      colourless bent heads in cereals - “whiplash”
COPPER DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS
Common in a wide range of crops
              Vegetable                                 Fruit




                                                                                               50% flowable copper
                                                                                          formulation for the correction of copper
                                                                                     deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops



                                                                                         Analysis           Australia (w/v%)

                                                                                         Copper (Cu)                50.0
              Copper deficient Potato plant          Copper deficient Citrus plant
                                                                                         Nitrogen (N)               6.9


Common copper deficiency symptoms include:
•	   scorching of leaf tips
•	   deformed new growth
•	   pale-yellowing of shoots
•	   twisting intertwined growth
•	   severe lodging in cereals
•	   colourless bent heads in cereals - “whiplash”
Nitrogen induced Copper deficiency


Common in a wide range of crops

•	 The application of excessive Nitrogen, particularly in the form of Ammonia
   often leads to N-induced Copper deficiencies due to high N : Cu ratio.

•	 During periods of rapid plant growth, particularly in spring the uptake of
   Copper is often inhibited by excessive Nitrogen.

•	 Slower release forms of Copper are more suitable for ensuring a more                     50% flowable copper
   constant uptake of Copper, reducing the risk of deficiencies.                       formulation for the correction of copper
                                                                                  deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops




•	 Activist RED enables a large proportion of a plants Copper requirements to         Analysis           Australia (w/v%)

   be applied at once with reduced phytotoxicity risks.                               Copper (Cu)                50.0

                                                                                      Nitrogen (N)               6.9
•	 Activist RED is compatible with a commonly used Nitrogen source - UAN
   (Urea Ammonium Nitrate) for ‘down the tube’ applications, further addressing
   the Copper requirements of a given crop.

•	 It is important to note that small amounts of Nitrogen actually improve the
   uptake and metabolism of Copper. (Activist RED contains 6.9% Nitrrogen)
Broadacre crop Copper removal figures

               CROP TYPE                     Copper Removal
                                                     (g/T)


  Wheat                                               4.5

  Barley                                               5

  Oats                                                 5

  Canola                                               6
                                                                                                   50% flowable copper
                                                                                              formulation for the correction of copper
  Chickpea                                             7                                 deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops




  Field Peas                                           5                                     Analysis           Australia (w/v%)

                                                                                             Copper (Cu)                50.0

  Lupins                                               5                                     Nitrogen (N)               6.9




Depending on the intensity of cropping, continual cropping is responsible for ‘mining’
significant amounts of native Copper and  if these reserves are not replenished, major
losses in production can be expected.
FOLIAR NUTRITION TECHNOLOGY
        Plant                   Plant leaf                   Leaf cross-section             Leaf cuticle cross-section


                                                             Fertiliser
                                                             droplet

                                                                                  Cuticle
                                               Absorption
                                                                                  Upper epidermis
                                              Ex-cuticular
                                               movement                           Palisade mesophyll cell



                                                  Nutrient                        Xylem
                                             translocation
                                                                                  Phloem

                                                                                  Lower epidermis
                                                                                  Spongy mesophyll cell
                                                                                  Guard cell



                                                                     Cuticle
                                                                                                                                   50% flowable copper
                                                                                                                              formulation for the correction of copper
                                                              Stoma                                                      deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops



                                                                                                                             Analysis           Australia (w/v%)

                                                                                                                             Copper (Cu)                50.0

                                                                                                                             Nitrogen (N)               6.9



Activist RED incorporates Agrichem’s foliar nutrition technologies including:
•	   Superior particle sizing with finer and more uniform composition
•	   Addition of a range of proprietary adjuvants including penetrants and dispersal agents
•	   Produced in ISO9000 accredited production facilities

•	 Agrichem’s innovative ACTIVIST TECHNOLOGY
FOLIAR NUTRITION TECHNOLOGY                                                                      Improved Coverage
                                                                               Dispersal
Mode of Action: Copper Oxide is hydrolysed                                                         of leaf surface with
with water under the control of a proprietary                                   Agent              microfine suspension
catalyst which regulates the rate of hydrolysis                                                    particles
providing a controlled-release source of Copper
Hydroxide to supplement the faster-acting                                      Cuticular          Improved Penetration
                                                                             Penetrant            of leaf cuticle by
component of the formulation.                                                                     copper cation
Other additives in Activist Products:
•	  dispersal agents                                                          Reactive            Controlled Release
•	  cuticular penetrant                                                      Catalyst             of plant available
                                                                                                  nutrient
•	  phyto-chemicals

                                                                              Enhanced            Enhanced Metabolism
                                                                        Phyto-Chemicals of nutrient in plant
                                                                                                  growth
Particle Specifications
 Diameter:		           < 0.5 micron
 Surface Area:	        high                                                     Strong-sticking based on;
                                                                                - small particle-size
 Chemical Properties:	 advanced                                                 - optimal surface chemistry                         50% flowable copper
                                                                                                                               formulation for the correction of copper
 Oxide Retention:	     high                                                     - hydrophillic leaf-surface               deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops
 Cation Dispersal:	    high
 Cation Uptake:	       high
                                                                                                                              Analysis           Australia (w/v%)
 Uptake Uniformity:	 advanced
                                                                                      Leaf-cuticle surface
                                                                                                                              Copper (Cu)                50.0


   Conventional Copper Suspension                                                                                             Nitrogen (N)               6.9

    Mode of Action: Copper Oxide is hydrolysed with                Large particles with poor dispersal
    water, and the resulting Copper cation is partially absorbed
    through the leaf surface at an uncontrolled rate.


    Particle Specifications
     Diameter:		           10 - 20 micron                                Poor-sticking based on;
                                                                         - large particle-size
     Surface Area:	        low                                           - inferior surface chemistry
     Chemical Properties:	 poor                                          - hydrophobic leaf-surface
     Oxide Retention:	     low
     Cation Dispersal:	    poor
     Cation Uptake:	       low
     Uptake Uniformity:	   poor                                               Leaf-cuticle surface
FOLIAR NUTRITION TECHNOLOGY
The Activist Range has been designed to incorporate a number of revolutionary technologies
developed by Agrichem over 25years of researching the mechanisms for enhanced Nutrient
Uptake. These technologies combined with a range of additives that effectively act as adjuvants
are designed to improve the efficiency and safety of trace element fertiliser applications.

Products in the Activist Range have both a fast-acting component and a slower release
component with regards to nutrient-uptake and the formulations are highly flowable.




                                                       TECHNOLOGY
                                               Agrichem Exclusive Additives
                                                                                                                     50% flowable copper
                         Dispersal         Cuticular              Reactive                 Enhanced             formulation for the correction of copper
                                                                                                           deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops
                          Agent          Penetrant               Catalyst              Phyto-Hormones

                                                                                                               Analysis           Australia (w/v%)
 Chemical
                               Copper(I) Oxide 	                     	       Ionic Copper (hydrolysed)         Copper (Cu)                50.0
 Reaction:
                                  Low                    controlled                       High                 Nitrogen (N)               6.9
                            Plant Availability            reaction                  Plant Availability



                                Conventional Suspension
 Chemical                   Copper Oxide 	                         		             Copper (various forms)
 Reaction:
                                Low                    uncontrolled                   Variable
                          Plant Availability             reaction                 Plant Availability
Key Benefits of

•	 Enhanced uptake of copper
•	 Sustained uptake of copper
•	 High analysis source of copper
•	 Highly flowable formulation
•	 Contains 6.9% nitrogen
                                                              50% flowable copper
                                                         formulation for the correction of copper
•	 Compatible with UAN                              deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops




•	 Compatible with broader range of Agrochemicals       Analysis           Australia (w/v%)

(refer to Activist RED compatibility chart)             Copper (Cu)                50.0

                                                        Nitrogen (N)               6.9
Comparative Copper Analysis



   Chemical Formulation   Analysis                       Comment
       comparison          (w/w%)
                          50%(w/v%)      High analysis and highly plant available
                          33.2% (w/w%)   source of Copper incorporating Activist
                                         Foliar Nutrition Technology. Impressive
                                         compatibility and minimal phytotoxicity.

                          75%(w/v%)       Ultra high analysis source of Copper with
                          43.9% (w/w%)           reduced risk of phytotoxicity.                     50% flowable copper
                                          Drawbacks include reduced compatibility.             formulation for the correction of copper
                                                                                          deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops



Copper Hydroxide             57.3%       High risk of phytotoxicity, short-lived copper       Analysis           Australia (w/v%)
                                          availabiilty. More suitable as a fungicide.
                                                                                              Copper (Cu)                50.0
Copper Sulphate (mono)        35%        High risk of phytotoxicity, short-lived copper
                                                                                              Nitrogen (N)               6.9
                                                          availabiilty.

Copper Sulphate (penta)       25%        High risk of phytotoxicity, short-lived copper
                                                          availabiilty.

Copper EDTA Chelate           13%        Good compatibility but low copper analysis
                                           and very expensive per unit of copper

Copper HEDTA Chelate          9%           Good compatibility but very low copper
                                           analysis and very expensive per unit of
                                                           copper
Field Trial Results
During the 2008 Australian broadacre season, Activist RED was
extensively trialled under a range of different growing conditions
across the major broadacre crop growing regions across Australia.


                                       Activist RED was trialled in regions
                                       where Copper is known to be a limiting
                                       nutrient.
                                                                                           50% flowable copper
                                       The application of Copper also has been        formulation for the correction of copper
                                                                                 deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops
                                       demonstrated to provide varying levels
                                       of enhanced natural immunity of a wide        Analysis           Australia (w/v%)

                                       range of bacterial and fungal diseases        Copper (Cu)                50.0

                                       through enhanced lignification.               Nitrogen (N)               6.9


                                       Copper deficiency induced poor
                                       grain fill, and subsequently sub-
                                       optimal yields achieved.
                                       Yield losses due to various
                                       bacterial and fungal diseases
                                       infecting plants.
Field Trial Results 2008/09
- Coonalpyn South Australia




                              Location:	    Coonalpyn
                              		            200km SE Adelaide


                              Rainfall:	    350mm ave. p.a.
                                                                                         50% flowable copper
                                                                                    formulation for the correction of copper
                                                                               deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops
                              Soil type:	   Sand over sandy loam
                                                                                   Analysis           Australia (w/v%)

                              Observation:	Severe copper deficiencies 	            Copper (Cu)                50.0

                              	    	       visible, with poor grain fill 	 	       Nitrogen (N)               6.9

                              		           and extensive lodging



                              Trial conducted by Agrichem South
                              Australia Broadacre Area Manager, Des
       CONTROL                Andriske.
Field Trial Results 2008/09
- Coonalpyn South Australia




                              Activist RED was applied as either a
                              150ml/Ha or a 500ml/Ha rate or both,
                              and the applications were made as either
                              early or late (during the season) or both.             50% flowable copper
                                                                                formulation for the correction of copper
                                                                           deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops



                              All treatments with Activist RED                 Analysis           Australia (w/v%)
                              achieved significant improvements in             Copper (Cu)                50.0
                              yield.                                           Nitrogen (N)               6.9



                              The image on the left is from a crop that
                              was treated with a 150ml/Ha application
                              of Activist RED.
Field Trial Results 2008/09
- Coonalpyn South Australia


Control Yields
The control plots in the trial achieved yields of
0.958 t/Ha and 1.005t/Ha, respectively.
Average yield 0.981t/Ha.


Activist RED Yields
Application amount & timing	       Yield (t/Ha)
                                                                                                               50% flowable copper
150ml early	 	       	      	      2.416
                                                                                                          formulation for the correction of copper
                                                                                                     deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops


150ml early & late	 	       	      2.305                                                                 Analysis           Australia (w/v%)

500ml early	 	       	      	      2.523                                                                 Copper (Cu)                50.0

500ml early & late	 	       	      2.430                                                                 Nitrogen (N)               6.9

500ml late	   	      	      	      1.081


Conclusion
The application of Activist RED early in the
season is effective in improving in-situ plant
                                                       ROI > 100 : 1
                                                    A return of greater $100 achieved for every $1
copper levels resulting in greater than 100%
                                                    spent on the purchase of Activist RED
improvements in yield.
Application rates and information
                                                                           Directions for use
                                                  Agitate contents well before dilution. Suitable for application by:

                                                            Aerial Spray                     Foliar                  Down the Tube



   CROP                                     RATE / ha                MIN               COMMENTS
                                                                  DILUTION*
  BEANS                                     150 – 375 ml              1 : 200         Spray 10 – 14 days after planting or emergence
  BRASSICAS                                 150 – 375 ml              1 : 200         Spray 10 – 14 days after planting or emergence
  CANOLA                                    150 – 525 ml              1 : 50          Apply at 4 weeks and again if necessary at the onset of stem elongation
  CEREALS
  Barley, oats, wheat
  -foliar                                   150 – 525 ml              1 : 50          Spray at stem extension and again at booting
  -down-the-tube                             75 – 150 ml
  CORN, MAIZE                               345 - 525 ml              1 : 50          Apply at 6 leaf stage
  CITRUS                                    225 –375 ml               1 : 200         Apply post harvest to copper deficient trees, not during budding or fruit development
  CUCURBITS
  Cucumbers, melons, pumpkins,              150 – 375 ml              1 : 200         Spray 10 – 14 days after planting or emergence
  zucchini
                                                                                                                                                                                                        50% flowable copper
  LETTUCE, SPINACH AND OTHER                150 – 375 ml              1 : 200         Spray 10 – 14 days after planting or emergence                                                               formulation for the correction of copper
  LEAFY VEGETABLES                                                                                                                                                                            deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops

  LUCERNE                                   150 - 375 ml              1 : 100         For grazing or seed production:
                                                                                      Apply early in the season, after 1st cut
                                                                                      Apply at bud formation                                                                                      Analysis           Australia (w/v%)
  ONIONS                                    225 - 375 ml              1 : 200         Apply when sufficient leaf area
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Copper (Cu)                50.0
  POTATOES, ROOT, BULB OR                   150 - 375 ml              1 : 100         Spray 10 – 14 days after planting or emergence
  TUBER CROPS
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Nitrogen (N)               6.9
  SOLANACEOUS CROPS                         150 - 375 ml              1 : 100         Spray 10 – 14 days after planting or emergence
  Chillies, eggplant, peppers,
  tomatoes
  SUGAR CANE                                525 - 600 ml              1 : 100         Can be applied as a billet application or as a spray 10 – 14 days after crop emergence
  TREE CROPS                               225 – 1500 ml              1 : 100         Apply in spring and autumn

                                                         MINIMUM DILUTION: A dilution of 1 : 100 means 1 part product : 100 parts water.
                                                                             In hot weather, use higher dilution rates
                                        WARNING: DO NOT apply Activist Red in tank mix with acidic formulations. Care should also be taken when.
                                                   applying acidic products over the top of copper residues on plants, as burn may occur
. Care should also be taken when applications are made with certain pesticides and herbicides. If the combination has not been used before, ensure a small area of crop is tested prior to
                                                                                         widespread usage
    NOTE: The suggested rates of application are designed for typical Australian conditions and such should be used as a guide only. Each farmer’s climatic conditions, water quality,
     soil types, application processes and practices may differ and therefore necessitate corrections to ensure optimum results. Good agricultural practice requires that application be
  avoided under extreme weather conditions such as temperatures over 28oC, high humidity, frost, rain etc. It is recommended that when applying to a crop or area for the first time, or in
combination with other chemicals, a small test area should be sprayed and observed prior to the total spray. Where possible, it is recommended that regular leaf (sap) tests are conducted
                                    to determine actual plant nutrient availability during each growth cycle. Soil tests at least once per year are essential.
Summary


•	 Revolutionary new copper formulation with highly effective plant
  uptake resulting in significant improvements in crop yields where
  copper is a limiting plant nutrient


•	 Enhanced uptake of copper
•	 Sustained uptake of copper                                                   50% flowable copper
                                                                           formulation for the correction of copper
                                                                      deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops


•	 High analysis source of copper
                                                                          Analysis           Australia (w/v%)

•	 Highly flowable formulation                                            Copper (Cu)                50.0

                                                                          Nitrogen (N)               6.9
•	 Contains 6.9% nitrogen
•	 Compatible with UAN
•	 Compatible with a wide range of Agrochemicals
	    (refer to Activist RED compatibility chart)
Additional information

For more information on:
•	   Activist RED Application
•	   Product Information Sheets
•	   Nutrition Application Programs
•	   Compatibility Information

   Contact your local
                                                50% flowable copper
 Agrichem Area Manager                     formulation for the correction of copper
                                      deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops


		
           or                             Analysis           Australia (w/v%)

                                          Copper (Cu)                50.0

       Agrichem directly on:              Nitrogen (N)               6.9


          1800 654 758



     www.                .com.au

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Agrichem product launch presentation

  • 1. PRODUCT LAUNCH PRESENTATION MARCH 2009 50% flowable copper formulation for the correction of copper deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops
  • 2. A new addition, to the Activist range of Rapid Uptake & Sustained Release high analysis suspension fertilisers Activist Zinc Activist MAX zinc Activist MAG-FLO Launched, mid-2007 Launched, mid-2008 Launched, late-2008 50% flowable copper formulation for the correction of copper deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops Analysis Australia (w/v%) Copper (Cu) 50.0 Nitrogen (N) 6.9 2009 50% flowable copper formulation for the correction of copper Activist RED deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops Launched, early-2009
  • 3. AGENDA • Role of copper in plant growth • Copper deficiency symptoms • Nitrogen induced copper deficiency • Broadacre crop copper removal figures • Activist - foliar nutrition technology • Key benefits 50% flowable copper formulation for the correction of copper deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops • Comparative copper analysis Analysis Australia (w/v%) • Field trial results Copper (Cu) 50.0 • Field trial - Coonalpyn wheat Nitrogen (N) 6.9 • Application rates and information • Summary • Additional information
  • 4. Role of Copper in plant growth COPPER is essential for the production of key enzymes responsible for photosynthesis INCREASING COPPER DEFICIENCY SEVERITY COPPER is essential COPPER is generally for fruit and grain considered to be an setting and filling immobile plant nutrient and is therefore, unable to be readily translocated from the 50% flowable copper formulation for the correction of copper deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops older leaves to the growing Analysis Australia (w/v%) tips. Copper (Cu) 50.0 COPPER is essential for the production of lignin, leading Nitrogen (N) 6.9 to reduced lodging TIP: To identify Copper deficiency, look at the new leaves first - in particular look COPPER leads to increased lignification, enhancing for stunted growth. resistance to nematodes and root diseases. Copper deficiency symptoms are usually found in younger leaves
  • 5. Role of Copper in plant growth COPPER is essential for fruit and grain setting and filling INCREASING COPPER DEFICIENCY SEVERITY COPPER is generally considered to be an immobile plant nutrient and is therefore, unable to be Copper deficiency in wheat readily translocated from the 50% flowable copper formulation for the correction of copper deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops older leaves to the growing Analysis Australia (w/v%) COPPER is essential for tips. the production of key- Copper (Cu) 50.0 enzymes responsible for Nitrogen (N) 6.9 photosynthesis TIP: To identify Copper deficiency, look at the new leaves first - in particular look for stunted growth. Copper deficient asian vegetable Copper deficiency symptoms are usually found in younger leaves
  • 6. COPPER DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS Common in a wide range of crops Legume Cereal 50% flowable copper formulation for the correction of copper deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops Analysis Australia (w/v%) Image from - Micronutrients for Sustainable Food, Feed, Fibre and Bioen- ergy Production - IFA, 2008 Copper (Cu) 50.0 Copper deficient Peanut plant Copper deficient Wheat crop Nitrogen (N) 6.9 Common copper deficiency symptoms include: • scorching of leaf tips • deformed new growth • pale-yellowing of shoots • twisting intertwined growth • severe lodging in cereals • colourless bent heads in cereals - “whiplash”
  • 7. COPPER DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS Common in a wide range of crops Vegetable Fruit 50% flowable copper formulation for the correction of copper deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops Analysis Australia (w/v%) Copper (Cu) 50.0 Copper deficient Potato plant Copper deficient Citrus plant Nitrogen (N) 6.9 Common copper deficiency symptoms include: • scorching of leaf tips • deformed new growth • pale-yellowing of shoots • twisting intertwined growth • severe lodging in cereals • colourless bent heads in cereals - “whiplash”
  • 8. Nitrogen induced Copper deficiency Common in a wide range of crops • The application of excessive Nitrogen, particularly in the form of Ammonia often leads to N-induced Copper deficiencies due to high N : Cu ratio. • During periods of rapid plant growth, particularly in spring the uptake of Copper is often inhibited by excessive Nitrogen. • Slower release forms of Copper are more suitable for ensuring a more 50% flowable copper constant uptake of Copper, reducing the risk of deficiencies. formulation for the correction of copper deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops • Activist RED enables a large proportion of a plants Copper requirements to Analysis Australia (w/v%) be applied at once with reduced phytotoxicity risks. Copper (Cu) 50.0 Nitrogen (N) 6.9 • Activist RED is compatible with a commonly used Nitrogen source - UAN (Urea Ammonium Nitrate) for ‘down the tube’ applications, further addressing the Copper requirements of a given crop. • It is important to note that small amounts of Nitrogen actually improve the uptake and metabolism of Copper. (Activist RED contains 6.9% Nitrrogen)
  • 9. Broadacre crop Copper removal figures CROP TYPE Copper Removal (g/T) Wheat 4.5 Barley 5 Oats 5 Canola 6 50% flowable copper formulation for the correction of copper Chickpea 7 deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops Field Peas 5 Analysis Australia (w/v%) Copper (Cu) 50.0 Lupins 5 Nitrogen (N) 6.9 Depending on the intensity of cropping, continual cropping is responsible for ‘mining’ significant amounts of native Copper and if these reserves are not replenished, major losses in production can be expected.
  • 10. FOLIAR NUTRITION TECHNOLOGY Plant Plant leaf Leaf cross-section Leaf cuticle cross-section Fertiliser droplet Cuticle Absorption Upper epidermis Ex-cuticular movement Palisade mesophyll cell Nutrient Xylem translocation Phloem Lower epidermis Spongy mesophyll cell Guard cell Cuticle 50% flowable copper formulation for the correction of copper Stoma deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops Analysis Australia (w/v%) Copper (Cu) 50.0 Nitrogen (N) 6.9 Activist RED incorporates Agrichem’s foliar nutrition technologies including: • Superior particle sizing with finer and more uniform composition • Addition of a range of proprietary adjuvants including penetrants and dispersal agents • Produced in ISO9000 accredited production facilities • Agrichem’s innovative ACTIVIST TECHNOLOGY
  • 11. FOLIAR NUTRITION TECHNOLOGY Improved Coverage Dispersal Mode of Action: Copper Oxide is hydrolysed of leaf surface with with water under the control of a proprietary Agent microfine suspension catalyst which regulates the rate of hydrolysis particles providing a controlled-release source of Copper Hydroxide to supplement the faster-acting Cuticular Improved Penetration Penetrant of leaf cuticle by component of the formulation. copper cation Other additives in Activist Products: • dispersal agents Reactive Controlled Release • cuticular penetrant Catalyst of plant available nutrient • phyto-chemicals Enhanced Enhanced Metabolism Phyto-Chemicals of nutrient in plant growth Particle Specifications Diameter: < 0.5 micron Surface Area: high Strong-sticking based on; - small particle-size Chemical Properties: advanced - optimal surface chemistry 50% flowable copper formulation for the correction of copper Oxide Retention: high - hydrophillic leaf-surface deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops Cation Dispersal: high Cation Uptake: high Analysis Australia (w/v%) Uptake Uniformity: advanced Leaf-cuticle surface Copper (Cu) 50.0 Conventional Copper Suspension Nitrogen (N) 6.9 Mode of Action: Copper Oxide is hydrolysed with Large particles with poor dispersal water, and the resulting Copper cation is partially absorbed through the leaf surface at an uncontrolled rate. Particle Specifications Diameter: 10 - 20 micron Poor-sticking based on; - large particle-size Surface Area: low - inferior surface chemistry Chemical Properties: poor - hydrophobic leaf-surface Oxide Retention: low Cation Dispersal: poor Cation Uptake: low Uptake Uniformity: poor Leaf-cuticle surface
  • 12. FOLIAR NUTRITION TECHNOLOGY The Activist Range has been designed to incorporate a number of revolutionary technologies developed by Agrichem over 25years of researching the mechanisms for enhanced Nutrient Uptake. These technologies combined with a range of additives that effectively act as adjuvants are designed to improve the efficiency and safety of trace element fertiliser applications. Products in the Activist Range have both a fast-acting component and a slower release component with regards to nutrient-uptake and the formulations are highly flowable. TECHNOLOGY Agrichem Exclusive Additives 50% flowable copper Dispersal Cuticular Reactive Enhanced formulation for the correction of copper deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops Agent Penetrant Catalyst Phyto-Hormones Analysis Australia (w/v%) Chemical Copper(I) Oxide Ionic Copper (hydrolysed) Copper (Cu) 50.0 Reaction: Low controlled High Nitrogen (N) 6.9 Plant Availability reaction Plant Availability Conventional Suspension Chemical Copper Oxide Copper (various forms) Reaction: Low uncontrolled Variable Plant Availability reaction Plant Availability
  • 13. Key Benefits of • Enhanced uptake of copper • Sustained uptake of copper • High analysis source of copper • Highly flowable formulation • Contains 6.9% nitrogen 50% flowable copper formulation for the correction of copper • Compatible with UAN deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops • Compatible with broader range of Agrochemicals Analysis Australia (w/v%) (refer to Activist RED compatibility chart) Copper (Cu) 50.0 Nitrogen (N) 6.9
  • 14. Comparative Copper Analysis Chemical Formulation Analysis Comment comparison (w/w%) 50%(w/v%) High analysis and highly plant available 33.2% (w/w%) source of Copper incorporating Activist Foliar Nutrition Technology. Impressive compatibility and minimal phytotoxicity. 75%(w/v%) Ultra high analysis source of Copper with 43.9% (w/w%) reduced risk of phytotoxicity. 50% flowable copper Drawbacks include reduced compatibility. formulation for the correction of copper deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops Copper Hydroxide 57.3% High risk of phytotoxicity, short-lived copper Analysis Australia (w/v%) availabiilty. More suitable as a fungicide. Copper (Cu) 50.0 Copper Sulphate (mono) 35% High risk of phytotoxicity, short-lived copper Nitrogen (N) 6.9 availabiilty. Copper Sulphate (penta) 25% High risk of phytotoxicity, short-lived copper availabiilty. Copper EDTA Chelate 13% Good compatibility but low copper analysis and very expensive per unit of copper Copper HEDTA Chelate 9% Good compatibility but very low copper analysis and very expensive per unit of copper
  • 15. Field Trial Results During the 2008 Australian broadacre season, Activist RED was extensively trialled under a range of different growing conditions across the major broadacre crop growing regions across Australia. Activist RED was trialled in regions where Copper is known to be a limiting nutrient. 50% flowable copper The application of Copper also has been formulation for the correction of copper deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops demonstrated to provide varying levels of enhanced natural immunity of a wide Analysis Australia (w/v%) range of bacterial and fungal diseases Copper (Cu) 50.0 through enhanced lignification. Nitrogen (N) 6.9 Copper deficiency induced poor grain fill, and subsequently sub- optimal yields achieved. Yield losses due to various bacterial and fungal diseases infecting plants.
  • 16. Field Trial Results 2008/09 - Coonalpyn South Australia Location: Coonalpyn 200km SE Adelaide Rainfall: 350mm ave. p.a. 50% flowable copper formulation for the correction of copper deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops Soil type: Sand over sandy loam Analysis Australia (w/v%) Observation: Severe copper deficiencies Copper (Cu) 50.0 visible, with poor grain fill Nitrogen (N) 6.9 and extensive lodging Trial conducted by Agrichem South Australia Broadacre Area Manager, Des CONTROL Andriske.
  • 17. Field Trial Results 2008/09 - Coonalpyn South Australia Activist RED was applied as either a 150ml/Ha or a 500ml/Ha rate or both, and the applications were made as either early or late (during the season) or both. 50% flowable copper formulation for the correction of copper deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops All treatments with Activist RED Analysis Australia (w/v%) achieved significant improvements in Copper (Cu) 50.0 yield. Nitrogen (N) 6.9 The image on the left is from a crop that was treated with a 150ml/Ha application of Activist RED.
  • 18. Field Trial Results 2008/09 - Coonalpyn South Australia Control Yields The control plots in the trial achieved yields of 0.958 t/Ha and 1.005t/Ha, respectively. Average yield 0.981t/Ha. Activist RED Yields Application amount & timing Yield (t/Ha) 50% flowable copper 150ml early 2.416 formulation for the correction of copper deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops 150ml early & late 2.305 Analysis Australia (w/v%) 500ml early 2.523 Copper (Cu) 50.0 500ml early & late 2.430 Nitrogen (N) 6.9 500ml late 1.081 Conclusion The application of Activist RED early in the season is effective in improving in-situ plant ROI > 100 : 1 A return of greater $100 achieved for every $1 copper levels resulting in greater than 100% spent on the purchase of Activist RED improvements in yield.
  • 19. Application rates and information Directions for use Agitate contents well before dilution. Suitable for application by: Aerial Spray Foliar Down the Tube CROP RATE / ha MIN COMMENTS DILUTION* BEANS 150 – 375 ml 1 : 200 Spray 10 – 14 days after planting or emergence BRASSICAS 150 – 375 ml 1 : 200 Spray 10 – 14 days after planting or emergence CANOLA 150 – 525 ml 1 : 50 Apply at 4 weeks and again if necessary at the onset of stem elongation CEREALS Barley, oats, wheat -foliar 150 – 525 ml 1 : 50 Spray at stem extension and again at booting -down-the-tube 75 – 150 ml CORN, MAIZE 345 - 525 ml 1 : 50 Apply at 6 leaf stage CITRUS 225 –375 ml 1 : 200 Apply post harvest to copper deficient trees, not during budding or fruit development CUCURBITS Cucumbers, melons, pumpkins, 150 – 375 ml 1 : 200 Spray 10 – 14 days after planting or emergence zucchini 50% flowable copper LETTUCE, SPINACH AND OTHER 150 – 375 ml 1 : 200 Spray 10 – 14 days after planting or emergence formulation for the correction of copper LEAFY VEGETABLES deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops LUCERNE 150 - 375 ml 1 : 100 For grazing or seed production: Apply early in the season, after 1st cut Apply at bud formation Analysis Australia (w/v%) ONIONS 225 - 375 ml 1 : 200 Apply when sufficient leaf area Copper (Cu) 50.0 POTATOES, ROOT, BULB OR 150 - 375 ml 1 : 100 Spray 10 – 14 days after planting or emergence TUBER CROPS Nitrogen (N) 6.9 SOLANACEOUS CROPS 150 - 375 ml 1 : 100 Spray 10 – 14 days after planting or emergence Chillies, eggplant, peppers, tomatoes SUGAR CANE 525 - 600 ml 1 : 100 Can be applied as a billet application or as a spray 10 – 14 days after crop emergence TREE CROPS 225 – 1500 ml 1 : 100 Apply in spring and autumn MINIMUM DILUTION: A dilution of 1 : 100 means 1 part product : 100 parts water. In hot weather, use higher dilution rates WARNING: DO NOT apply Activist Red in tank mix with acidic formulations. Care should also be taken when. applying acidic products over the top of copper residues on plants, as burn may occur . Care should also be taken when applications are made with certain pesticides and herbicides. If the combination has not been used before, ensure a small area of crop is tested prior to widespread usage NOTE: The suggested rates of application are designed for typical Australian conditions and such should be used as a guide only. Each farmer’s climatic conditions, water quality, soil types, application processes and practices may differ and therefore necessitate corrections to ensure optimum results. Good agricultural practice requires that application be avoided under extreme weather conditions such as temperatures over 28oC, high humidity, frost, rain etc. It is recommended that when applying to a crop or area for the first time, or in combination with other chemicals, a small test area should be sprayed and observed prior to the total spray. Where possible, it is recommended that regular leaf (sap) tests are conducted to determine actual plant nutrient availability during each growth cycle. Soil tests at least once per year are essential.
  • 20. Summary • Revolutionary new copper formulation with highly effective plant uptake resulting in significant improvements in crop yields where copper is a limiting plant nutrient • Enhanced uptake of copper • Sustained uptake of copper 50% flowable copper formulation for the correction of copper deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops • High analysis source of copper Analysis Australia (w/v%) • Highly flowable formulation Copper (Cu) 50.0 Nitrogen (N) 6.9 • Contains 6.9% nitrogen • Compatible with UAN • Compatible with a wide range of Agrochemicals (refer to Activist RED compatibility chart)
  • 21. Additional information For more information on: • Activist RED Application • Product Information Sheets • Nutrition Application Programs • Compatibility Information Contact your local 50% flowable copper Agrichem Area Manager formulation for the correction of copper deficiencies and growth maintenance in all crops or Analysis Australia (w/v%) Copper (Cu) 50.0 Agrichem directly on: Nitrogen (N) 6.9 1800 654 758 www. .com.au