This is all about the entomological field techniques for the collection of mosquito and sandfly.

1. ENTOMOLOGICAL FIELD
TECHNIQUES FOR MOSQUITO
AND SAND FLY
PRAKASH DHAKAL
Public Health Microbiology
Tribhuvan University, Nepal

2. OBJECTIVES
 To operate different equipments in the field for
collecting mosquito and sand fly .

3. INTRODUCTION
 Entomological field techniques are generally
used in vector-borne diseases.
 Vector borne diseases are Malaria,
JE,Filariasis,Dengue , Kala-azar etc.
 Based on local conditions prevalent; optimum
combination of these techniques should be used.
 Entomological investigations are important and
essential aspect of vector control.
 These investigations provide information on
vector species , their distribution, density,
bionomics and susceptibility/resistance to
insecticides for vector control.

4.  These investigations are also useful for the
monitoring of potential vectors and their role in
disease transmission.
 Information collected from entomological
surveillance techniques helps in understanding
the spatial and temporal changes in vector
species, efficacy and effectiveness of vector
control measures.

5. SAMPLING REQUIREMENTS
 Vehicle to get around.
 Good topographical map or at least a plat or city map.
 Data sheets.
 Boots.
 Dipper, collecting jars, small type net.
 Water proof marking pens, tape etc.
 Carrying box or container, ice chest etc.
 Data logger, GPS

6. SAMPLING EQUIPMENTS
 Dipper
 Pipette
 Aspirator
 Flashlight Aspirator
 Larval Container
 Bag for extra vials,
pens, labeling tape,
etc.

7. METHODOLOGY
 For BG-Sentinel trap.
 BG- Sentinel trap is generally used for the
collection of Aedes type of mosquito.

8.  First of all the trap is held in upright position by
three stands in three sides.
 Then the electric plug is connected.
 Then mosquito attracting chemical is placed in
the pocket inside the trap.
 Then the white colored net is covered from the
top.
 After that a black colored collection box along
with two successive nets are inserted through the
white colored net.
 After complete assemblage it is connected with
electric source, generally of 12 volt.

9. WORKING MECHANISM OF BG SENTINEL TRAP
 Aedes mosqutio are attracted by the chemical
which is placed inside the trap.
 The odor of chemical is like the smell of socks
which is worn for several days.
 Then aedes mosquito gets attached in the black
colored collection box .
 After attachment the mosquito gets inside the
collection box due to the negative pressure
created by the fan operating inside the trap.
 Then mosquito gets collected inside the net.

11.  For CDC Miniature Light Trap

12.  Developed by CDC for portable collection of
mosquitoes and sand flies.
 Standard survey tool for mosquito collections.
 Operates on 6 volts.

13. WORKING MECHANISM
 After completely assembling the equipment it is
connected with the electric source of 6 volt.
 The main mechanism for collection of mosquito
is attraction due the light emitted by the bulb of
this instrument.
 This attraction is called Phototrophism.

14. ANIMAL BAITED NET TRAP

15.  In animal baited technique a net of 5 x 5 x 5 m is
taken.
 From the ground about 1 feet of space is left for
the entry of mosquito in the net.
 The net is made such that the mosquito entering
the net do not comes out.

16.  Mouth Aspirator

17.  From mouth aspirator resting mosquito is
collected.
 This aspirator is kept near the resting mosquito
and is sucked .
 After collecting in the aspirator, mosquito is kept
in the paper cup covered with net.

19.  Ovi trap

20.  For ovi trap, about 10-15 ml of clean water is
taken in a black colored paper cup and in the
edge of that cup a sky blue cloth is kept. After
few days eggs of mosquito are seen in the cloth.

21. WINDOW TRAP
COLLECTION
(EXIT TRAPS)

22.  Window trap collection is done for those
mosquitoes which bites indoor and goes outside
for the rest.

23. HUMAN LANDING CATCHES
 In this type of collection technique , humans are
directed to keep up their pants or trousers up to
the knee and the shirt up to their shoulder.
Mosquito is allowed to bite to human .
immediately at the instant the biting mosquito is
sucked through the mouth aspirator .
 Since biting of mosquito may spread the disease
if it is carrying organism responsible for disease ,
so nowadays it is not used.

25.  Sticky paper is placed on the land when sand fly
jumps over it , it gets stick on the paper.
STICKY TRAP: SANDFLY

28. CONCLUSION
 Different instruments and techniques were used
for the collection of mosquito and sandfly .

29. FIELD PHOTOS AND VIDEOS :

32.  Sincere thanks to respected Lecturer Dr. Ishan
Gautam, Natural History Museum , IOST,
TU for showing the breeding sites of vector
( Mosquito) and teaching the techniques of
collection ,processing and many
others…………….

33. THANK YOU