UST (Philippine History)

4. Jose Rizal: Great Thinker “ Noli Me Tangere” & “El Filibusterismo Marcelo H. Del Pilar: Great Political Analyst & Journalist “ Caiigat Cayo”. “Dasalan at Toksohon” and “10 Kautusan ng mga Prayle”, Graciano Lopez Jaena: Great Orator “ Fray Botod”, “Esperanza” & “La Hija del Fraile”

5. The newspaper of the Propaganda Movement Features the conditions of the Philippines

6. The newspaper of the Propaganda Movement 1st edition: February 15 1889 Last edition: November 15 1895

10. Circulo Hispano - Filipino

13. La Liga Filipina A Civic Society proposed by Dr. Jose Rizal in his return to the Philippines. Founded in the house of Doroteo Ongjungco Unus Instar Omnium (One Like All) Joined by other patriotic Filipino like: Ambrosio Salvador (President), Agustin dela Rosa(fiscal), Bonifacio Arevalo (treasurer), Deodato Arellano (secretary) & members like Andres Bonifacio

14. Aims La Liga Filipina To unite the whole archipelago into a compact, vigorous and homogenous body 1

15. Aims La Liga Filipina To give mutual protection against all cases of pressing necessity 2

16. Aims La Liga Filipina To encourage agriculture, commerce and education 3

17. Aims La Liga Filipina To defend the members against any kind of violence & injustice 4

18. Aims La Liga Filipina To study and apply reforms 5

19. Aims La Liga Filipina The society was to be governed by a supreme council, a provincial council and popular council The members of the society were to pay a monthly due of ten centavos

20. Use of money To support the son of the member of the society 1

21. Use of money To support the poor against the rich and the powerfully 2

22. Use of money To give financial help to any member who suffered losses 3

23. Use of money To open stores &shops which with sell goods to members at a low price 4

24. Use of money To introduce machines in order to promote industries 5

25. After 3 day (July 6) Rizal was arrested. La Liga Filipina First meeting in July 3, 1892, The government saw as an organization capable of uniting the Filipinos for self-reliance and defence. They view the civic organization to be dangerous. Reorganized as Cuerpo de Compromisarios (Body of the Committed)

26. Why the reform movement failed Spain is too busy on their own problems Financial difficulties Reformist are not united

27. The failure of the Propaganda movement led others to believe the ineffectiveness of continuing a peaceful movement Andres Bonifacio had a different idea he would teach the people to defend themselves. He establish a society that would not anymore clamour for reforms but one that was ready for revolution

28. Teodora Plata, Valentin Diaz, Deodato Arellano and Andres Bonifacio who belonged to lower class of society gathered and organized a society called: Kataastaasang Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan

30. They performed the ancient Filipino custom of sealing friendship and that SANDUGUAN

31. Triangle system: Jose will recruit Pedro & Juan The new members knew Jose but did not knew each others Recruitment of members

32. New system was use: To speed up the process of enlisting members Recruitment of members All members also agree to pay a membership & monthly dues

33. Principle of self-help and the defence of the weak and poor civic Aims of the Katipunan

34. Separation of the Philippines from Spain Political Aims of the Katipunan

35. Teaching of good manners hygiene and good moral character Moral Aims of the Katipunan

36. 1st grade or lowest pass word: “Anak ng Bayan” 2nd grade Password: “GomBurZa” 3rd grade Password: “Rizal” Membership Kawal Katipon Bayani

38. Ten commandments of Katipunan Andres Bonifacio Leading thinker of the Revolution of 1896 Katungkulan Gagawin ng mga Anak ng Bayan Duties of the Sons of People

40. Love God with all your heart 1 Duties of the Sons of People

41. Bear always in mind that love of God is also love of country & this too, is love of one’s fellowmen Duties of the Sons of People 2

42. Engrave in your heart that the true measure of honor & happiness is to die for the freedom of your country Duties of the Sons of People 3

43. All your good wishes will be crowned with success if you have serenity, constancy, reason & faith in your acts & endeavour Duties of the Sons of People 4

44. Guard the mandates & aims of the K.K.K as you guard your honor Duties of the Sons of People 5 It is the duty of all to defend at the risk of their own lives & wealth, anyone who runs great risk in the performance of his duty 6

45. Our responsibility to ourselves & the performance of our duties will be the examples set for our fellowmen to follow Duties of the Sons of People 7 In so far as it is within your power share your means with the Poor & the unfortunate 8

46. Diligence in the work that gives sustenance to you is the true basis of love- love for your own self, for your wife & children, for your brothers & countrymen Duties of the Sons of People 9 Punish any scoundrel & traitor & praise all your good works. Believe, likewise, that the aims for the K.K.K are God-given, for the will of the people is also the will of God. 10

47. Consisted of 13 teaching that members are expected to take this teaching by heart Ang Kartilya ng Katipunan

48. Ang Kartilya ng Katipunan

49. Kamara Negra Emilio Jacinto Andres Bonifacio Dr. Pio Valenzuela

51. The Revolution

52. Spanish authorities were already suspecting a brewing unrest related to an underground society whose purpose was to end Spanish rule -Cuerpo de Vigilancia Conditions before the revolution

53. Friars informed the governor-general about their suspicions but the governor- general did not believe them. Conditions before the revolution

54. Secret gathering in Batangas where rifles & other weaponry were being smuggled occasionally along the coast of the province. Conditions before the revolution

55. The Governor-General in order to pacify the friars, ordered the banishment of some prominent citizens of Batngas & Bulacan. Conditions before the revolution

56. Money was difficult to get, very few Filipinos are employed There was no starvation but the life of Filipino was far from prosperous Conditions before the revolution

57. They suffered from heavy taxation, from abusive friars & civil authorities and lack of economic opportunities Conditions before the revolution

58. The government was spending millions of pesos for the army & navy, the amount should have spent for public improvement is small Very little was spent for improvements in public works which would benefit the people Conditions before the revolution

59. Of all the causes of people dissatisfaction were the abuses of the Spaniard - friars & civil authorities. Natives experienced physical maltreatment in public places and unjustly ordered to be executed or banished to faraway places like Guam, Jolo and Palawan. Conditions before the revolution

61. Teodoro Patiño Sister Madre Portera Padre Mariano Gil Discovery of Katipunan

62. Bonifacio asked his men whether they were prepared for freedom & independence. Everyone shouted they were prepared to die

63. Tearing of Cedula Personal in Pugad Lawin “ Bring out your cedulas & tear them to pieces to show that we are prepared to take up arms!” -Andres Bonifacio Long live the Philippines! Long live Katipunan -Katipuneros

65. Gob. Hen. Ramon Blanco August 30 Martial Law in the 8 province which rose an arm against the Spaniards

66. Rizal Bulacan Cavite Laguna Tarlac Pampanga Batangas Nueva Ecija

67. Those who would surrender within 48 hours after the publication of decree would not be subjected to military court Blanco’s Policy of Attraction

68. Intended to win over the Filipinos to the side of the government and thus end the rebellion Dr. Pio Valenzuela and his companions took advantage of this provision and surrender to the government Blanco’s Policy of Attraction

69. When Katipunan was discovered on Aug. 19 Bonifacio was in Caloocan he decided to move to Balintawak. He ordered to inform the Katipuneros that there would be meeting in Balintawak in Aug. 24. Bonifacio reached Balintawak in the afternoon and arrived the following day at the next sitio called Pugad Lawin

70. Rizal’s Trial & Execution

71. Emilio Aguinaldo led the rebels against the Spaniard in Kawit . He won victory after victory and people admired his qualities as a military leader called him Heneral Miong

72. Led by Baldomero Aguinaldo counsin of Emilio Aguinaldon. (Kawit) Led by Mariano Alvarez. (Naic) 2 factions of Katipunan in Cavite Magdalo Magdiwang

73. The rivalry between the two factions the led to several defeats of the revolutions. Accompanied by his wife and Bonifacio brothers arrived in Cavite toward the end of Dec. 1896, he was asked to mediate between the factions. An assembly was held in Imus Dec. 31 1896 to determine whether Katipunan should be transformed into another body of government

74. Favored the retention of Katipunan Favored the change in the Katipunan structure Nothing was resulted form this meeting 2 factions of Katipunan in Cavite Magdalo Magdiwang

76. On March 22, 1897 a convention was held at the estate house in Tejeros (now General Trias) led by Jacinto Lumbreras a Magdiwang The 1st part did not went well, on 2 nd part Bonifacio with Artemio Ricarte presided the convention The Tejeros Convention

77. Present members agreed to form a new government, official will be elected by the those present in the convention The Tejeros Convention They agree to respect the outcome of the election.

79. When Bonifacio was being proclaimed Daniel Tirona (Magdalo) stood up & said that Jose del Rosario an attorney from Cavite was more qualified for the position and should be elected The Tejeros Convention

80. Hurt by the protest, Bonifacio demanded Tirona took back what he said but the latter refused. Bonifacio took out his pistol & aimed at Tirona, Ricarte was able to quickly held his hands.

81. The angry Bonifacio being the incumbent Supremo of the Katipunan, declared the result of the election as null & void. Then he & his men hurriedly left the place The Tejeros Convention

84. The Bonifacio brothers was sentenced to be shot to death Mayo 10, 1897. Execution of Bonifacio brothers

85. Biak na Bato in San Miguel, Bulacan Katipuneros in Biak na Bato Aguinaldo eastbalished a republic government at Biak-na-Bato called Biak-na-Bato Republic

86. Aguinaldo ordered the preparation for a constitution for the republic Felix Ferrer & Isabelo Artacho copied word for word the Cuban Constitution of Jimaguayun except for one article the Preamble declared the aim of the revolution for the separation of the Philippines from Spain

87. A Filipino of Chinese ancestry offered himself as mediator and approached Govenor Primo Rivera

88. Aguinaldo & his men would go to voluntary exile 1 Truce in Biak na Bato The Agreement provided the following:

89. Primo de Rivera would pay Aguinaldo the sum 800,000 in 3 instalment 2 Truce in Biak na Bato The Agreement provided the following:

91. Primo de Rivera pay an additional 900,000 to families of non-combatant Filipino who suffered during the revolution 3 Truce in Biak na Bato The Agreement provided the following: