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Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres




           Traitement d’images de télédétection
                                 Extraction de primitives


                             jordi.inglada@cesbio.cnes.fr

        C ENTRE D ’É TUDES S PATIALES DE LA B IOSPHÈRE , TOULOUSE , F RANCE




Ce contenu est dérivé de la formation “Pragmatic Remote Sensing” dispensée par J. Inglada et E. Christophe en
     juillet 2010 dans le cadre du colloque IGARSS. Il est mis à disposition selon les termes de la licence :

                 Creative Commons Paternité – Partage à l’Identique 3.0 non transcrit.


                                      AUF - Marrakech 2011
Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres


Primitives



   Connaissance a priori
       Les primitives constituent une façon simple d’introduire de
       la connaissance a priori sur le contenu des images
       Familles de primitives : radiométriques, textures,. . .
       Construction de primitives sur mesure pour une application
       donnée




                                  AUF - Marrakech 2011
Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres


Indices radiométriques



   Indice de végétation NDVI : Normalized Difference Vegetation
   Index [1]

                                                LNIR − Lr
                                  NDVI =                                 (1)
                                                LNIR + Lr

      J. W. Rouse. “Monitoring the vernal advancement and retrogradation of
      natural vegetation,”Type ii report, NASA/GSFCT, Greenbelt, MD, USA,
      1973. 12.1.1




                                  AUF - Marrakech 2011
Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres


Indices de végétation 1/3
             RVI          Ratio Vegetation Index [1]
             PVI          Perpendicular Vegetation Index [2, 3]
            SAVI          Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index [4]
            TSAVI         Transformed Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index [6, 5]
      R. L. Pearson and L. D. Miller. Remote mapping of standing crop biomass for estimation of the productivity of
      the shortgrass prairie, pawnee national grasslands, colorado. In Proceedings of the 8th International
      Symposium on Remote Sensing of the Environment II, pages 1355–1379, 1972.

      A. J. Richardson and C. L. Wiegand. Distinguishing vegetation from soil background information.
      Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 43(12) :1541–1552, 1977.

      C. L. Wiegand, A. J. Richardson, D. E. Escobar, and A. H. Gerbermann. Vegetation indices in crop
      assessments. Remote Sensing of Environment, 35 :105–119, 1991.

      A. R. Huete. A soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI). Remote Sensing of Environment, 25 :295–309, 1988.

      E. Baret and G. Guyot. Potentials and limits of vegetation indices for LAI and APAR assessment. Remote
      Sensing of Environment, 35 :161–173, 1991.

      E. Baret, G. Guyot, and D. J. Major. TSAVI : A vegetation index which minimizes soil brightness effects on
      LAI and APAR estimation. In Proceedings of the 12th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing, Vancouver,
      Canada, pages 1355–1358, 1989.


                                        AUF - Marrakech 2011
Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres


Indices de végétation 2/3

                MSAVI            Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index [1]
                MSAVI2           Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index [1]
                 GEMI            Global Environment Monitoring Index [2]
                 WDVI            Weighted Difference Vegetation Index [3, 4]
                  AVI            Angular Vegetation Index [5]
      J. Qi, A. . Chehbouni, A. Huete, Y. Kerr, and S. Sorooshian. A modified soil adjusted vegetation index.
      Remote Sensing of Environment, 47 :1–25, 1994.

      B. Pinty and M. M. Verstraete. GEMI : a non-linear index to monitor global vegetation from satellites.
      Vegetatio, 101 :15–20, 1992.

      J. Clevers. The derivation of a simplified reflectance model for the estimation of leaf area index. Remote
      Sensing of Environment, 25 :53–69, 1988.

      J. Clevers. Application of the wdvi in estimating lai at the generative stage of barley. ISPRS Journal of
      Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 46(1) :37–47, 1991.

      S. Plummer, P. North, and S. Briggs. The Angular Vegetation Index (AVI) : an atmospherically resistant index
      for the Second Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR-2). In Sixth International Symposium on Physical
      Measurements and Spectral Signatures in Remote Sensing, Val d’Isere, 1994.



                                         AUF - Marrakech 2011
Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres


Indices de végétation 3/3

               ARVI          Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index [1]
             TSARVI          Transformed Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index [1]
                EVI          Enhanced Vegetation Index [2, 3]
               IPVI          Infrared Percentage Vegetation Index [4]
              TNDVI          Transformed NDVI [5]
      Y. J. Kaufman and D. Tanré. Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index (ARVI) for EOS-MODIS.
      Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 40(2) :261–270, Mar. 1992.

      A. R. Huete, C. Justice, and H. Liu. Development of vegetation and soil indices for MODIS-EOS. Remote
      Sensing of Environment, 49 :224–234, 1994.

      C. O. Justice, et al. The moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) : Land remote sensing for
      global change research. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 36 :1–22, 1998.

      R. E. Crippen. Calculating the vegetation index faster. Remote Sensing of Environment, 34(1) :71–73, 1990.

      D. W. Deering, J. W. Rouse, R. H. Haas, and H. H. Schell. Measuring ¨
                                                                          forage productionöf grazing units from
      Landsat-MSS data. In Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Remote Sensing of the
      Environment. ERIM, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA, pages 1169–1198, 1975.




                                       AUF - Marrakech 2011
Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres


Exemple : NDVI




                                 AUF - Marrakech 2011
Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres


Indices de sol



                                       IR      Redness Index [1]
                                       IC      Color Index [1]
                                       IB      Brilliance Index [2]
                                      IB2      Brilliance Index [2]
      P. et al. Caractéristiques spectrales des surfaces sableuses de la région côtière nord-ouest de l’Egypte :
      application aux données satellitaires Spot. In 2ème Journées de Télédétection : Caractérisation et suivi des
      milieux terrestres en régions arides et tropicales, pages 27–38. ORSTOM, Collection Colloques et
      Séminaires, Paris, Dec. 1990.

      E. Nicoloyanni. Un indice de changement diachronique appliqué deux scènes Landsat MSS sur Athènes
      (grèce). International Journal of Remote Sensing, 11(9) :1617–1623, 1990.




                                        AUF - Marrakech 2011
Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres


Exemple : IC




                                 AUF - Marrakech 2011
Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres


Indices d’eau
             SRWI            Simple Ratio Water Index [1]
            NDWI             Normalized Difference Water Index [2]
            NDWI2            Normalized Difference Water Index [3]
            MNDWI            Modified Normalized Difference Water Index [4]
             NDPI            Normalized Difference Pond Index [5]
             NDTI            Normalized Difference Turbidity Index [5]
              SA             Spectral Angle
      P. J. Zarco-Tejada and S. Ustin. Modeling canopy water content for carbon estimates from MODIS data at
      land EOS validation sites. In International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS ’01,
      pages 342–344, 2001.

      B. cai Gao. NDWI - a normalized difference water index for remote sensing of vegetation liquid water from
      space. Remote Sensing of Environment, 58(3) :257–266, Dec. 1996.

      S. K. McFeeters. The use of the normalized difference water index (NDWI) in the delineation of open water
      features. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 17(7) :1425–1432, 1996.

      H. Xu. Modification of normalised difference water index (ndwi) to enhance open water features in remotely
      sensed imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 27(14) :3025–3033, 2006.

      J. Lacauxa, Y. T. andC. Vignollesa, J. Ndioneb, and M. Lafayec. Classification of ponds from high-spatial
      resolution remote sensing : Application to rift valley fever epidemics in Senegal. Remote Sensing of
      Environment, 106(1) :66–74, 2007.
                                        AUF - Marrakech 2011
Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres


Exemple : NDWI2




                                 AUF - Marrakech 2011
Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres


Indices de bâti




                    NDBI        Normalized Difference Built Up Index [1]
                     ISU        Indice de Surfaces Bâties [2]
      Y. Z. J. G. S. Ni. Use of normalized difference built-up index in automatically mapping urban areas from TM
      imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 24(3) :583–594, 2003.

      A. Abdellaoui and A. Rougab. Caractérisation de la réponse du bâti : application au complexe urbain de Blida
      (Algérie). In Télédétection des milieux urbains et périurbains, AUPELF - UREF, Actes des sixièmes Journées
      scientifiques du réseau Télédétection de l’AUF, pages 47–64, 1997.




                                        AUF - Marrakech 2011
Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres


Texture
                         Énergie                                 f1 =               i,j   g(i, j)2


                         Entropie            f2 = −      i,j   g(i, j) log2 g(i, j), or 0 if g(i, j) = 0


                                                                                 (i−µ)(j−µ)g(i,j)
                        Corrélation                      f3 =            i,j           σ2


                  Moment de Différence                   f4 =                     1             g(i, j)
                                                                          i,j 1+(i−j)2



                    Inertie (Contraste)                    f5 =                i,j (i   − j)2 g(i, j)


                      Cluster Shade               f6 =         i,j ((i   − µ) + (j − µ))3 g(i, j)

                   Cluster Prominence             f7 =         i,j ((i   − µ) + (j − µ))4 g(i, j)


                                                                                                2
                                                                               i,j (i,j)g(i,j)−µt
                  Corrélation de Haralick                  f8 =
                                                                                       σ2
                                                                                         t


      Robert M. Haralick, K. Shanmugam, and Its’Hak Dinstein, “Textural features for image classification,” IEEE
      Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 610–621, Nov 1973.
                                          AUF - Marrakech 2011
Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres


Exemple : Inertie sur la bande verte




                                  AUF - Marrakech 2011
Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres


Combinaison de primitives



  Exemple : distance à l’eau




                                  AUF - Marrakech 2011
Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres


La main à la pâte



    1. Monteverdi : Filtering → Feature extraction
    2. Choisir une image
    3. Choisir une primitive
    4. Essayer différents paramètres et regarder les résultats
    5. Utiliser l’onglet “output” pour sélectionner les primitives
       utiles
    6. Générer l’image de primitives




                                  AUF - Marrakech 2011

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AUF 11 - 04 Primitives

  • 1. Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres Traitement d’images de télédétection Extraction de primitives jordi.inglada@cesbio.cnes.fr C ENTRE D ’É TUDES S PATIALES DE LA B IOSPHÈRE , TOULOUSE , F RANCE Ce contenu est dérivé de la formation “Pragmatic Remote Sensing” dispensée par J. Inglada et E. Christophe en juillet 2010 dans le cadre du colloque IGARSS. Il est mis à disposition selon les termes de la licence : Creative Commons Paternité – Partage à l’Identique 3.0 non transcrit. AUF - Marrakech 2011
  • 2. Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres Primitives Connaissance a priori Les primitives constituent une façon simple d’introduire de la connaissance a priori sur le contenu des images Familles de primitives : radiométriques, textures,. . . Construction de primitives sur mesure pour une application donnée AUF - Marrakech 2011
  • 3. Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres Indices radiométriques Indice de végétation NDVI : Normalized Difference Vegetation Index [1] LNIR − Lr NDVI = (1) LNIR + Lr J. W. Rouse. “Monitoring the vernal advancement and retrogradation of natural vegetation,”Type ii report, NASA/GSFCT, Greenbelt, MD, USA, 1973. 12.1.1 AUF - Marrakech 2011
  • 4. Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres Indices de végétation 1/3 RVI Ratio Vegetation Index [1] PVI Perpendicular Vegetation Index [2, 3] SAVI Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index [4] TSAVI Transformed Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index [6, 5] R. L. Pearson and L. D. Miller. Remote mapping of standing crop biomass for estimation of the productivity of the shortgrass prairie, pawnee national grasslands, colorado. In Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of the Environment II, pages 1355–1379, 1972. A. J. Richardson and C. L. Wiegand. Distinguishing vegetation from soil background information. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 43(12) :1541–1552, 1977. C. L. Wiegand, A. J. Richardson, D. E. Escobar, and A. H. Gerbermann. Vegetation indices in crop assessments. Remote Sensing of Environment, 35 :105–119, 1991. A. R. Huete. A soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI). Remote Sensing of Environment, 25 :295–309, 1988. E. Baret and G. Guyot. Potentials and limits of vegetation indices for LAI and APAR assessment. Remote Sensing of Environment, 35 :161–173, 1991. E. Baret, G. Guyot, and D. J. Major. TSAVI : A vegetation index which minimizes soil brightness effects on LAI and APAR estimation. In Proceedings of the 12th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing, Vancouver, Canada, pages 1355–1358, 1989. AUF - Marrakech 2011
  • 5. Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres Indices de végétation 2/3 MSAVI Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index [1] MSAVI2 Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index [1] GEMI Global Environment Monitoring Index [2] WDVI Weighted Difference Vegetation Index [3, 4] AVI Angular Vegetation Index [5] J. Qi, A. . Chehbouni, A. Huete, Y. Kerr, and S. Sorooshian. A modified soil adjusted vegetation index. Remote Sensing of Environment, 47 :1–25, 1994. B. Pinty and M. M. Verstraete. GEMI : a non-linear index to monitor global vegetation from satellites. Vegetatio, 101 :15–20, 1992. J. Clevers. The derivation of a simplified reflectance model for the estimation of leaf area index. Remote Sensing of Environment, 25 :53–69, 1988. J. Clevers. Application of the wdvi in estimating lai at the generative stage of barley. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 46(1) :37–47, 1991. S. Plummer, P. North, and S. Briggs. The Angular Vegetation Index (AVI) : an atmospherically resistant index for the Second Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR-2). In Sixth International Symposium on Physical Measurements and Spectral Signatures in Remote Sensing, Val d’Isere, 1994. AUF - Marrakech 2011
  • 6. Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres Indices de végétation 3/3 ARVI Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index [1] TSARVI Transformed Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index [1] EVI Enhanced Vegetation Index [2, 3] IPVI Infrared Percentage Vegetation Index [4] TNDVI Transformed NDVI [5] Y. J. Kaufman and D. Tanré. Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index (ARVI) for EOS-MODIS. Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 40(2) :261–270, Mar. 1992. A. R. Huete, C. Justice, and H. Liu. Development of vegetation and soil indices for MODIS-EOS. Remote Sensing of Environment, 49 :224–234, 1994. C. O. Justice, et al. The moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) : Land remote sensing for global change research. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 36 :1–22, 1998. R. E. Crippen. Calculating the vegetation index faster. Remote Sensing of Environment, 34(1) :71–73, 1990. D. W. Deering, J. W. Rouse, R. H. Haas, and H. H. Schell. Measuring ¨ forage productionöf grazing units from Landsat-MSS data. In Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Remote Sensing of the Environment. ERIM, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA, pages 1169–1198, 1975. AUF - Marrakech 2011
  • 7. Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres Exemple : NDVI AUF - Marrakech 2011
  • 8. Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres Indices de sol IR Redness Index [1] IC Color Index [1] IB Brilliance Index [2] IB2 Brilliance Index [2] P. et al. Caractéristiques spectrales des surfaces sableuses de la région côtière nord-ouest de l’Egypte : application aux données satellitaires Spot. In 2ème Journées de Télédétection : Caractérisation et suivi des milieux terrestres en régions arides et tropicales, pages 27–38. ORSTOM, Collection Colloques et Séminaires, Paris, Dec. 1990. E. Nicoloyanni. Un indice de changement diachronique appliqué deux scènes Landsat MSS sur Athènes (grèce). International Journal of Remote Sensing, 11(9) :1617–1623, 1990. AUF - Marrakech 2011
  • 9. Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres Exemple : IC AUF - Marrakech 2011
  • 10. Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres Indices d’eau SRWI Simple Ratio Water Index [1] NDWI Normalized Difference Water Index [2] NDWI2 Normalized Difference Water Index [3] MNDWI Modified Normalized Difference Water Index [4] NDPI Normalized Difference Pond Index [5] NDTI Normalized Difference Turbidity Index [5] SA Spectral Angle P. J. Zarco-Tejada and S. Ustin. Modeling canopy water content for carbon estimates from MODIS data at land EOS validation sites. In International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS ’01, pages 342–344, 2001. B. cai Gao. NDWI - a normalized difference water index for remote sensing of vegetation liquid water from space. Remote Sensing of Environment, 58(3) :257–266, Dec. 1996. S. K. McFeeters. The use of the normalized difference water index (NDWI) in the delineation of open water features. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 17(7) :1425–1432, 1996. H. Xu. Modification of normalised difference water index (ndwi) to enhance open water features in remotely sensed imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 27(14) :3025–3033, 2006. J. Lacauxa, Y. T. andC. Vignollesa, J. Ndioneb, and M. Lafayec. Classification of ponds from high-spatial resolution remote sensing : Application to rift valley fever epidemics in Senegal. Remote Sensing of Environment, 106(1) :66–74, 2007. AUF - Marrakech 2011
  • 11. Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres Exemple : NDWI2 AUF - Marrakech 2011
  • 12. Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres Indices de bâti NDBI Normalized Difference Built Up Index [1] ISU Indice de Surfaces Bâties [2] Y. Z. J. G. S. Ni. Use of normalized difference built-up index in automatically mapping urban areas from TM imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 24(3) :583–594, 2003. A. Abdellaoui and A. Rougab. Caractérisation de la réponse du bâti : application au complexe urbain de Blida (Algérie). In Télédétection des milieux urbains et périurbains, AUPELF - UREF, Actes des sixièmes Journées scientifiques du réseau Télédétection de l’AUF, pages 47–64, 1997. AUF - Marrakech 2011
  • 13. Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres Texture Énergie f1 = i,j g(i, j)2 Entropie f2 = − i,j g(i, j) log2 g(i, j), or 0 if g(i, j) = 0 (i−µ)(j−µ)g(i,j) Corrélation f3 = i,j σ2 Moment de Différence f4 = 1 g(i, j) i,j 1+(i−j)2 Inertie (Contraste) f5 = i,j (i − j)2 g(i, j) Cluster Shade f6 = i,j ((i − µ) + (j − µ))3 g(i, j) Cluster Prominence f7 = i,j ((i − µ) + (j − µ))4 g(i, j) 2 i,j (i,j)g(i,j)−µt Corrélation de Haralick f8 = σ2 t Robert M. Haralick, K. Shanmugam, and Its’Hak Dinstein, “Textural features for image classification,” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 610–621, Nov 1973. AUF - Marrakech 2011
  • 14. Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres Exemple : Inertie sur la bande verte AUF - Marrakech 2011
  • 15. Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres Combinaison de primitives Exemple : distance à l’eau AUF - Marrakech 2011
  • 16. Introduction Radiométrie Textures Autres La main à la pâte 1. Monteverdi : Filtering → Feature extraction 2. Choisir une image 3. Choisir une primitive 4. Essayer différents paramètres et regarder les résultats 5. Utiliser l’onglet “output” pour sélectionner les primitives utiles 6. Générer l’image de primitives AUF - Marrakech 2011