This visual dictionary defines and provides images of common building and construction terms. It includes entries on materials like air barrier paper, different types of attic ventilation and roofing, tools like backhoes and bulldozers, framing components, electrical and plumbing systems, insulation, roofing elements, and more. Each entry provides a brief definition and relevant details about the term.

1. Visual Dictionary *noncombustible*

2. Air Barrier Paper Used as a vapor retarder and air barrier on the sheathing of house to help with waterproofing.

3. Attic Ventilation: Soffit Vent Used to help air flow into the attic

4. Attic Ventilation: Ridge Vent Located at the roof ridge. It’s an open space that allows air circulation.

5. Attic Ventilation: Gable Vent Located in the gable of a roof. It’s used to remove extra heat and humidity from the attic.

7. Batter Boards Set up outside the corners of the building with a string and a plumb bob. These help keep the corners at a 90° angle.

8. Brick Arches Jack Arch Arch with keystone Roman Arch

9. Centering Temporary framework for arches used during mason work.

10. Brick Bond: Flemish Courses alternate between headers and stretchers

11. Brick Bond: Running Each course is an alternating strecher.

12. Brick Bonds: Rowlocks Rowlocks

13. Brick Bonds: Headers Headers

14. Brick Bonds: Soldiers Soldiers

15. Brick Bonds: Sailors Sailors

16. Brick Bonds: Stretcher Rowlocks Shiners

17. Brick Sizes Modular Modular: 3 ½ x 2 ¼ x 7 ½ Utility: 3 ½ x 3 ½ x 11 ½ Utility

18. Bulldozer Used to flatten ground and move soil in rough site work.

19. Cladding: Brick

20. Cladding: EFIS

21. Cladding: Stone Random ashlar pattern.

22. Cladding: Wood Board

23. Cladding: Wood Shake Shake: Type of shingle that is split from a block of wood Shingle: Sawn, not split.

24. Code Requirements: Egress Window W: 32 ½ inches H: 24 ½ inches A: 5.5 SF 44 inches AFF Code: W: 20 inches H: 24 inches A: 5.7 SF 44 inches AFF This window doesn’t meet code because the area is only 5.5 SF and it is supposed to be 5.7 SF

25. Code Requirements: Stairs Tread: 11 inches Riser: 7 inches Code: Tread: 10 inch min Riser: 7 ¾ inch max These stairs meet the code requirements.

26. Concrete Joints: Control A cut made in the concrete where a crack is expected to take place. The cut makes that point weak to force the crack to happen there. It decreases cracks in other locations. Crack Control Joint

27. Concrete Joint: Isolation The slab is isolated from the wall here.

28. Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU) 3 brick bonds = 1 CMU

29. CMU: Sizes 12 x 8 x 16 4 x 8 x 16

30. Decorative CMUs: Split Block

31. Decorative CMUs: Ribbed Block

32. Doors: Exterior Flush Flush

33. Doors: Exterior Panel Top Rail Panel Stile Lock Rail Bottom Rail

34. Doors: Transom and Sidelight Transom Transom: Window placed directly above a door. Sidelight: Window that is tall and skinny that is placed next to door. The glass is a tempered glass to prohibit breaking. Sidelight

35. Electrical: Transformer The transformer is another step down point. It converts it to a lower voltage.

36. Electrical: Service Head The service head is where electricity is conducted from outdoor lines to the meter.

37. Electrical: Meter The meter measures the use of electricity.

38. Electrical: Service Panel The service panel is the main control center for all the electrical circuits in the house.

39. Electrical: Duplex Receptacle Where an appliance can be connected to gain electricity.

40. Framing: Anchor Bolt #1 Anchor Bolt

41. Framing: Sill Plate #2 Sill Plate

42. Framing: Floor Joist #3 Floor Joist

43. Framing: Subflooring #4 Subflooring

44. Framing: Sole Plate #5 Sole Plate

45. Framing: Stud #6 Stud

46. Framing: Top Plate #7 Top Plate

47. Framing: Ceiling Joist #8 Ceiling Joist

48. Framing: Rafter #9

49. Framing: Roof Decking # 10

50. Framing: Sheathing # 11

51. Framing: Stringer # 12

52. Front End Loader A front end loader can push things and pick them up and transport things. A backhoe digs and picks up, a bulldozer pushes.

53. Gypsum Board Wall finish made out of an mineral that comes in prefrabricated sheets. It resists sound and fire.

54. Heat Pump Air Handling Unit Advantage: Heats and cools Disadvantage: Not efficient in colder climates Compressor: The working fluid, in its gaseous state, is pressurized and circulated through the system as a liquid. Air handling unit: Conditioning and circulating air that is temperature control. Compressor

55. Insulation Slows the transfer of heat. It keeps the building cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter.

56. Insulation: Batt

57. Insulation: Loose Fill

58. Insulation: Foam

59. Insulation: Rigid Board

60. Lintel Beam that goes across an opening that carries the load across the opening.

61. Mortar: Extruded This joint hasn’t been tooled or troweled. It was left alone. 3/8 inch This was on a house Probably N Mortar

62. Mortar: Concave This was tooled. 3/8 Inch Retaining wall Probably N Mortar

63. Oriented Strand Board Nonveenered panel that is manufactured by taking longs pieces of wood fiber oriented in specific directions and bonded together.

64. Plumbing: Lavatory 1 ½ inch drainage pipe

65. Plumbing: Water Closet 3-inch drainage pipe

66. Plumbing: Shower/Tub

67. Plumbing: Roof Vent

68. Plumbing: Sink Drop-in sink

69. Plywood Wood panel composed of wood veneer layers bonded together using pressure.

70. Radiant Barrier Reflective foil that reflects infrared energy and keeps it from entering the living space.

71. Rebar ½ Inch #4 Rebar

72. Steep Roof: Gutter Located on the edge of a roof. This collects runoff rainwater and show melt and directs to the downspout.

73. Steep Roof: Downspout Vertical pipe usually located on corners to transfer water from the roof to ground level.

74. Steep Roof: Splash Block Located under a downspout. It is used to block erosion from the water coming out of the downspout and to help direct the water away from the building.

75. Steep Roof: Underlayment Layer of waterproof material between the roofing material and the roof sheathing.

76. Steep Roof: Clay Tile

77. Steep Roof: Shingle (Wood Shingle) Shingle: Water resistant material laid in an overlapping pattern to keep water from going underneath and into the sheathing.

78. Steep Roof: Metal Panel Materials used: Galvanized or aluminum steel

79. Steep Roof: Gable

80. Steep Roof: Gambrel

81. Steep Roof: Hip

82. Steep Roof: Mansard

83. Steep Roof: Ridge The intersection of two roof planes. (Gable Roof) Ridge

84. Steep Roof: Valley

85. Steep Roof: Eave The edge that is horizontal on a sloping roof.

86. Steep Roof: Rake The sloped edge of a roof. Rake

87. Steep Roof: Soffit The underside of a roof overhang. Soffit

88. Steep Roof: Fascia Exposed vertical face of an eave that the gutter attaches to.

89. Stone: Random Rubble

90. Stone: Coursed Rubble

91. Stone: Random Ashlar

92. Stone: Coursed Ashlar

93. Vapor Retarder Layer of material to stop the passage of water through a building assembly. Put on the interior face of the insulation.

94. Waterproofing Membrane applied to the outside of a foundation. Liquid applied

95. Weep Hole Small opening to allow water to drain out.

96. Welded Wire Fabric

97. Window: Double Hung

98. Window: Casement

99. Window: Sliding